Quan Zhang

Introducing C and O atoms into the carbon nitride framework engineers mid-gap states, broadens light absorption, promotes photoexcited charge transfer, and thereby enhances photocatalytic performance.

Photocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2) to methane (CH4) represents a promising route for renewable energy storage, yet it suffers from low efficiency. The challenge exists in the key *CO intermediate adsorption behavior, in which the typically top-bonded *CO favors CO release, resulting in dominant syngas (CO and H2) products. Herein, we demonstrate an intermediate adsorption tuning strategy via a Zn–P–Cd coordinated photocatalyst (denoted as P–Cd4ZnS5), in which the diffuse 3p orbital of the coordinated P site enables close P–O overlap with the oxygen end of *CO, thus leading to a parallel *CO configuration by simultaneously forming P–O and Zn–C bonds. Moreover, the stabilized parallel-type *CO subsequently undergoes hydrogenation at adjacent Cd sites to yield *CHO intermediates toward the CH4 reaction pathway. As a result, the optimized P–Cd4ZnS5 achieves an efficient CO2-to-CH4 conversion under ambient light irradiation at 120 mW cm–2, including a high selectivity of ∼93.8%, a CH4 production rate of ∼366 μmol g–1 h–1, and a sustained stability of >120 h, substantially exceeding most of the previous reports. Our work proposes an attractive strategy to tune parallel-type *CO adsorption for steering photocatalytic CO2 reduction toward deep-reduction products with high efficiency, selectivity, and stability.

Hollow Bi ₄ O ₅ Br ₂ spheres, featuring high-density bismuth exposure, are developed to enhance light absorption, charge separation and CO ₂ activation for efficient photocatalytic CO ₂ -to-CO conversion.

The electrocatalytic CO ₂ reduction reaction (CO ₂ RR) offers a sustainable pathway to convert CO ₂ into value‐added chemicals. However, a systematic categorization of the resulting chemical products, along with comprehensive strategies toward high efficiency and selectivity of CO ₂ RR has yet to be fully established. Herein, this review systematically summarizes recent advances in CO ₂ RR, covering products from C ₁ compounds to C ₂₊ chemicals generated via C–C coupling. Subsequently, special emphasis is placed on steering post‐coupling pathways to selectively produce ethylene or ethanol, as well as mechanisms for carbon‐chain extension toward C ₃ products like n‐propanol. Moreover, multifactor strategies to enhance CO ₂ RR efficiency, including suppressing hydrogen evolution, rational catalyst design, electrolyte microenvironment modulation, and flow cell reactor integration are dissected. Finally, key scientific challenges and techno‐economic barriers of this carbon‐neutral technology are highlighted.

The coupling of CO ₂ reduction and CH ₄ oxidation in an integrated electrochemical system is demonstrated, in which the formed HCOO ⁻ further reacts with CH ₃ Cl to yield methyl formate, with excellent production rate, energy efficiency, and stability.

Pteris cretica L. var. nervosa is one of the most well-known Chinese medicines. Although it is widely used to treat jaundice hepatitis, the main ingredient for its treatment was not thoroughly explored until recently. Essentially, the purpose of this study is to find the monomer compound in Pteris cretica L. var. nervosa, which is most likely to be effective in treating liver injury. Through the model of LPS/D-gal-induced liver injury in mice, the best therapeutic site of the total extract was explored, the chemical components of the parts with the best therapeutic effect were separated, a total of 10 flavonoids were isolated, and the RAW264.7 cells induced by LPS were used as the experimental model to explore the preliminary anti-inflammatory activity of NO production in vitro. Finally, the anti-inflammatory activity and the highest content in this plant Luteolin-7-O-rutinoside (LUT) were selected, as the object of study in vivo. It was found that LUT could not only reduce alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels, but also significantly reduce the release of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and inhibit PI3K/AKT/AMPK/NF-κB pathway. In addition, LUT can increase levels of SOD and GSH to reduce oxidative stress. It has an obvious therapeutic effect on acute liver injury induced by LPS/D-gal in mice. Therefore, infer LUT is a functional substance in Pteris cretica L. var. nervosa. Graphical abstract

This review focuses on the recent research progress in photocatalytic CO₂conversion systems from C1 products to multi-carbon oxygenates.