Asmae Berrada

A cleaner transportation sector requires the implementation of a variety of measures, such as the use of electric vehicles. Electric mobility has seen increasing use in public transportation, even though it still faces significant challenges. Electric bus fleets require high‐performance batteries to minimize the cost and weight of the buses. This paper investigates the energy consumption of an electric bus in urban and interurban transit using two methods: forward‐facing and backward‐facing approaches. The obtained findings have shown that the energy consumption of a bus depends on the road and its characteristics, ranging between 0.98 and 1.39 kWh/km. Furthermore, a regenerative braking analysis has been performed, and it has been found that this factor plays a significant role in reducing energy consumption by 21%. Finally, a life cycle assessment and an environmental analysis have been conducted. The obtained results have shown that the total cost of ownership of the buses in this project will be around 1.76 $/km. The use of electric buses could eliminate the greenhouse gas emissions produced by public transportation in the investigated province.

Summary: Long‐term energy production of photovoltaic (PV) systems is predicted and evaluated using a degradation rate analysis. It is one of the most important factors to consider before investing in PV power plants since it indicates the system's dependability and, hence, profitability. This paper examines the degradation rates of three different PV module technologies in a mountain/cold region, over a 5‐year period; including monocrystalline silicon (mono‐Si), polycrystalline silicon (poly‐Si), and amorphous silicon (a‐Si). This study has been performed using different statistical techniques such as classical and seasonal decomposition (CSD), seasonal and trend decomposition using loess (STL), Holt winters (HW), and linear regression (LR). According to the obtained results, a‐Si modules have the highest degradation rate with values varying between 1.12 and 1.17%/year, followed by mono‐Si (0.69–0.98%/year) and poly‐Si (0.11–0.75%/year) technology respectively. This research included an economic analysis to determine the Levelized Cost of Electricity (LCOE) of the three investigated systems. The findings show that crystalline technologies (poly‐Si and mono‐Si) are more cost‐effective than a‐Si, with an LCOE of 0.099 USD/kWh, 0.108 USD/kWh, and 0.138 USD/KWh respectively.