Beijiang Liu
Current Organizations / Institutes
The organizations/institutes from the scholar's latest article
Previous Organizations / Institutes
The organizations / institutes from the scholar's other articles in the past ten years
Research Subjects
Beijiang Liu has a total of 24 co-authors. Here are the top co-authors by number of shared publications:
BESIII collaboration
1 shared publication- Bruce Rafael Mellado Garcia
University of the Witwatersrand
1 shared publication - Chang-Zheng Yuan
Institute of High Energy Physics
1 shared publication - Chun-Xu Yu
Nankai University 300000 Tianjin China
1 shared publication - Chunxiu Liu
Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
1 shared publication - Dong Liu
Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
1 shared publication
Latest Publications
- 12 January 2026
- Published by Springer Nature in Radiation Detection Technology and Methods
- Vol. 10 (3) , 564-571
Machine-learning-based method for goodness-of-fit test in amplitude analysis
- 12 January 2026
- Published by Springer Nature in Radiation Detection Technology and Methods
- Vol. 10 (3) , 564-571
Machine-learning-based method for goodness-of-fit test in amplitude analysis
- Open Access
- 1 January 2026
- Published by China Engineering Science Press Co. Ltd. in Frontiers of Physics
- Vol. 21 (9) , 096401
AI agents, language, deep learning, and the next revolution in science
Modern science is reaching a critical inflection point. Instruments across disciplines, from particle physics and astronomy to genomics and climate modeling, now produce data of such scale, diversity, and interdependence that traditional analytical methods can no longer keep pace. This growing imbalance between data generation and data understanding signals the need for a new scientific paradigm. We propose that intelligent, human-supervised AI agents operating over deep-learning algorithms, represent the next evolution of the scientific method. Built upon large language models and multimodal learning, these agents can interpret scientific intent, design, and execute analytical workflows, and ensure traceability through domain-specific languages that preserve human oversight and accountability. Particle physics, a historic incubator of computational innovation, offers the ideal testbed for this transition. At the Institute of High Energy Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Dr. Sai system embodies this vision, a multi-agent reasoning framework deployed within collider research at the CEPC. This emerging approach does not replace human scientists but extends their cognitive reach, enabling discovery to scale with complexity and redefining how knowledge itself is produced in the age of intelligent machines. The significance of this paradigm transcends particle physics, offering a blueprint for all data-driven sciences facing the same complexity ceiling.
- 1 January 2026
- Published by China Engineering Science Press Co. Ltd. in Frontiers of Physics
- Vol. 21 (9) , 096401
Open AccessAI agents, language, deep learning, and the next revolution in science
Modern science is reaching a critical inflection point. Instruments across disciplines, from particle physics and astronomy to genomics and climate modeling, now produce data of such scale, diversity, and interdependence that traditional analytical methods can no longer keep pace. This growing imbalance between data generation and data understanding signals the need for a new scientific paradigm. We propose that intelligent, human-supervised AI agents operating over deep-learning algorithms, represent the next evolution of the scientific method. Built upon large language models and multimodal learning, these agents can interpret scientific intent, design, and execute analytical workflows, and ensure traceability through domain-specific languages that preserve human oversight and accountability. Particle physics, a historic incubator of computational innovation, offers the ideal testbed for this transition. At the Institute of High Energy Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Dr. Sai system embodies this vision, a multi-agent reasoning framework deployed within collider research at the CEPC. This emerging approach does not replace human scientists but extends their cognitive reach, enabling discovery to scale with complexity and redefining how knowledge itself is produced in the age of intelligent machines. The significance of this paradigm transcends particle physics, offering a blueprint for all data-driven sciences facing the same complexity ceiling.
- Open Access
- 23 December 2025
- Published by Sissa Medialab Srl
- Vol. 500, 156
Light QCD exotics at BESIII
Charmonium decays serve as a gluon-rich environment, offering a promising avenue for discovering light QCD exotic states with gluonic excitations, such as glueballs and hybrid mesons. The BESIII experiment, utilizing the world’s largest samples of $J/\psi$ and $\psi(3686)$ events from $e^+e^-$ collisions, is uniquely positioned to explore light hadrons in these decays. This proceeding highlights recent advancements in the study of $1^{-+}$ exotic states and glueball candidates.- 23 December 2025
- Published by Sissa Medialab Srl
- Vol. 500, 156
Open AccessLight QCD exotics at BESIII
Charmonium decays serve as a gluon-rich environment, offering a promising avenue for discovering light QCD exotic states with gluonic excitations, such as glueballs and hybrid mesons. The BESIII experiment, utilizing the world’s largest samples of $J/\psi$ and $\psi(3686)$ events from $e^+e^-$ collisions, is uniquely positioned to explore light hadrons in these decays. This proceeding highlights recent advancements in the study of $1^{-+}$ exotic states and glueball candidates. - Open Access
- 19 March 2025
- Published by Springer Nature in Science China Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy
- Vol. 68 (5) , 1
New theoretical information for hybrid meson search
- 19 March 2025
- Published by Springer Nature in Science China Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy
- Vol. 68 (5) , 1
Open AccessNew theoretical information for hybrid meson search
- Open Access
- 17 December 2024
- Published by Sissa Medialab Srl
- Vol. 476, 490
Discovery of a Glueball-like particle X(2370) at BESIII
Radiative decays of the $J/\psi$ provide a gluon-rich environment and are therefore regarded as one of the most promising hunting grounds for glueballs. Using the world's largest samples of $J/\psi$ events produced in $e^{+}e^{-}$ annihilation, BESIII performed the first measurements of the quantum numbers of the $X(2370$). The measured mass and spin parity of the $X(2370)$ are consistent with the predictions of the lightest pseudoscalar glueball.- 17 December 2024
- Published by Sissa Medialab Srl
- Vol. 476, 490
Open AccessDiscovery of a Glueball-like particle X(2370) at BESIII
Radiative decays of the $J/\psi$ provide a gluon-rich environment and are therefore regarded as one of the most promising hunting grounds for glueballs. Using the world's largest samples of $J/\psi$ events produced in $e^{+}e^{-}$ annihilation, BESIII performed the first measurements of the quantum numbers of the $X(2370$). The measured mass and spin parity of the $X(2370)$ are consistent with the predictions of the lightest pseudoscalar glueball. - Open Access
- 5 September 2022
- Published by MDPI AG in Instruments
- Vol. 6 (3) , 34
Performance Study of a New Cluster Splitting Algorithm for the Reconstruction of PANDA EMC Data
For high-energy mesons, the angle between the two final-state photons decreases with the increase in the energy of the , which enhances the probability of overlapping electromagnetic showers. The performance of the cluster splitting algorithm in the EMC reconstruction is crucial for the mass resolution measurement of with high energy. The cluster splitting algorithm is based on the theoretical lateral distribution of the electromagnetic showers. A simple implementation of the lateral distribution can be described as a (multi-)exponential function. In a realistic electromagnetic calorimeter, considering the granularity of the detector, the measured energy in a cell is actually the integral of the theoretical energy deposition, which deviates from the exponential function. Based on the simulation of the barrel EMC in the ANDA experiment, a cluster splitting algorithm with a new lateral energy development function is developed. The energy resolution of overlapping showers with high energy has been improved.- 5 September 2022
- Published by MDPI AG in Instruments
- Vol. 6 (3) , 34
Open AccessPerformance Study of a New Cluster Splitting Algorithm for the Reconstruction of PANDA EMC Data
For high-energy mesons, the angle between the two final-state photons decreases with the increase in the energy of the , which enhances the probability of overlapping electromagnetic showers. The performance of the cluster splitting algorithm in the EMC reconstruction is crucial for the mass resolution measurement of with high energy. The cluster splitting algorithm is based on the theoretical lateral distribution of the electromagnetic showers. A simple implementation of the lateral distribution can be described as a (multi-)exponential function. In a realistic electromagnetic calorimeter, considering the granularity of the detector, the measured energy in a cell is actually the integral of the theoretical energy deposition, which deviates from the exponential function. Based on the simulation of the barrel EMC in the ANDA experiment, a cluster splitting algorithm with a new lateral energy development function is developed. The energy resolution of overlapping showers with high energy has been improved. - Open AccessLight meson spectroscopy at $e^+e^-$ machinesThe study of light hadrons is central to the understanding of confinement--a unique property of QCD. The quark model describs mesons as bound states of quarks and antiquarks. LQCD and QCD-motivated models for hadrons, however, predict a richer spectrum of mesons that takes into account not only the quark degrees of freedom but also the gluonic degrees of freedom. A selection of recent progress in the light-quark sector with unprecedented high-statistics data sets from $e^+e^-$ experiments are reviewed.Open AccessLight meson spectroscopy at $e^+e^-$ machinesThe study of light hadrons is central to the understanding of confinement--a unique property of QCD. The quark model describs mesons as bound states of quarks and antiquarks. LQCD and QCD-motivated models for hadrons, however, predict a richer spectrum of mesons that takes into account not only the quark degrees of freedom but also the gluonic degrees of freedom. A selection of recent progress in the light-quark sector with unprecedented high-statistics data sets from $e^+e^-$ experiments are reviewed.
- Open Access
- 17 September 2019
- Published by EDP Sciences in EPJ Web of Conferences
- Vol. 214, 06033
Applications of Machine Learning at BESIII
BESIII is an experiment at the high precision frontier of hadron physics in τ-charm region. Machine learning techniques have been used to improve the performance of BESIII software. In this proceeding, we present novel approaches with XGBoost for multi-dimensional distribution reweighting, muon identification and cluster reconstruction for CGEM (Cylindrical Gas Electron Multiplier) inner tracker.
- 17 September 2019
- Published by EDP Sciences in EPJ Web of Conferences
- Vol. 214, 06033
Open AccessApplications of Machine Learning at BESIII
BESIII is an experiment at the high precision frontier of hadron physics in τ-charm region. Machine learning techniques have been used to improve the performance of BESIII software. In this proceeding, we present novel approaches with XGBoost for multi-dimensional distribution reweighting, muon identification and cluster reconstruction for CGEM (Cylindrical Gas Electron Multiplier) inner tracker.
- Open Access
Recent Results on Hadron Spectroscopy from BESIII
Hadron spectroscopy is one of the most important physics goals of BESIII. BESIII brings great opportunities to study the XYZ states of charmonium by directly producing the Y states up to 4.6 GeV. High statistics of charmonium decays collected at BESIII provide an excellent place for hunting gluonic excitations and studying the excited baryons. Recent results of light hadron spectroscopy and charmonium spectroscopy from BESIII will be reported.
Open AccessRecent Results on Hadron Spectroscopy from BESIII
Hadron spectroscopy is one of the most important physics goals of BESIII. BESIII brings great opportunities to study the XYZ states of charmonium by directly producing the Y states up to 4.6 GeV. High statistics of charmonium decays collected at BESIII provide an excellent place for hunting gluonic excitations and studying the excited baryons. Recent results of light hadron spectroscopy and charmonium spectroscopy from BESIII will be reported.
- Open Access
Partial Wave Analysis at BESIII
The BESIII experiment in Beijing takes data in $\tau$-charm domain since 2009. For the moment the world largest samples of $J/\psi$, $\psi(3686)$, $\psi(3770)$ and $\psi(4040)$ data have been collected. Hadron spectroscopy is a unique way to access QCD, which is one of the most important physics goals of BESIII. Experimental search of new forms of hadrons and subsequent investigation of their properties would provide validation of and valuable input to the quantitative understanding of QCD. The key to success lies in high levels of precision during the measurement and high statistics in the recorded data set complemented with sophisticated analysis methods. Partial wave analysis (PWA) is a powerful tool to study the hadron spectroscopy, that allows one to extract the resonance's spin-parity, mass, width and decay properties with high sensitivity and accuracy. In this poster, we present the working PWA framework of BESIII -- GPUPWA and the recent results of PWA of $J/\psi\to\gamma\eta\eta$. GPUPWA is a PWA framework for high statistics partial wave analyses harnessing the GPU parallel computing.Open AccessPartial Wave Analysis at BESIII
The BESIII experiment in Beijing takes data in $\tau$-charm domain since 2009. For the moment the world largest samples of $J/\psi$, $\psi(3686)$, $\psi(3770)$ and $\psi(4040)$ data have been collected. Hadron spectroscopy is a unique way to access QCD, which is one of the most important physics goals of BESIII. Experimental search of new forms of hadrons and subsequent investigation of their properties would provide validation of and valuable input to the quantitative understanding of QCD. The key to success lies in high levels of precision during the measurement and high statistics in the recorded data set complemented with sophisticated analysis methods. Partial wave analysis (PWA) is a powerful tool to study the hadron spectroscopy, that allows one to extract the resonance's spin-parity, mass, width and decay properties with high sensitivity and accuracy. In this poster, we present the working PWA framework of BESIII -- GPUPWA and the recent results of PWA of $J/\psi\to\gamma\eta\eta$. GPUPWA is a PWA framework for high statistics partial wave analyses harnessing the GPU parallel computing.