Shuai Wang

Background: Undernutrition among children under five years (CUFY) is a leading global public health issue worldwide, including in Cambodia. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of undernutrition and the mediating effect of maternal depression and household food insecurity on the association between maternal social support and undernutrition among CUFY in Siem Reap Province, Cambodia. Method: A semi-structured questionnaire was utilized to survey 450 mothers in Siem Reap Province, Cambodia. Maternal social support, maternal depression, and household food insecurity were assessed separately using the Maternity Social Support Scale (MSSS), Patient Health Questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2), and Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS). Undernutrition indicators were evaluated using height-for-age z-score (HAZ) and weight-for-height z-score (WHZ), calculated according to WHO Anthro standards. A chi-square test was employed to illustrate the distribution of the variables. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the chain-mediating effect of maternal depression and household food insecurity on the relationship between maternal social support and undernutrition among CUFY. Result: The prevalence of stunting and wasting among CUFY was 34.9% and 15.6%, respectively. Structural equation modeling (SEM) results showed that maternal social support had a negative effect on children’s undernutrition (β = -0.32), indicating that social support is negatively correlated with child undernutrition. Women with higher levels of social support are less likely to have a child suffering from undernutrition compared to women with lower levels of social support. Household food insecurity and maternal depression mediated the association between social support and undernutrition, and the mediating effect accounted for 29.67% of the total effect. Conclusion: Undernutrition among CUFY was relatively high in Siem Reap Province, Cambodia. Maternal depression and household food insecurity partially mediated the association between maternal social support and undernutrition. Providing postpartum workshops promotes awareness about depression, enhances social support, and reduces household food insecurity.

Background. Stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) is a kind of cancer that begins in the stomach cells and has a poor overall survival rate. Following resection surgery, chemotherapy has been suggested as a curative method for stomach cancer. However, it is ineffective. Pyroptosis, a kind of inflammatory programmed cell death, has been shown to play a significant role in the development and progression of STAD. However, whether pyroptosis-related genes (PRGs) can be utilized to predict the diagnosis and prognosis of gastric cancer remains unknown. Method. The research measured at predictive PRGs in STAD samples from TCGA and GEO. Lasso regression was used to build the prediction model. Coexpression analysis revealed that gene expression was linked to pyroptosis. PRGs were found to be overexpressed in high-risk individuals, implying that they could be used in a model to predict STAD prognosis. Result. Immunological and tumor-related pathways were discovered using GSEA. In STAD patients, the genes GPX3, PDGFRL, RGS2, and SERPINE1 may be connected to the cancer process. The levels of expression also differed between the two risk groups. Conclusion. The purpose of this study is to identify and verify STAD-associated PRGs that can effectively guide prognosis and the immunological milieu in STAD patients as well as offer evidence for the development of pyroptosis-related molecularly targeted therapeutics. Therefore, PRGs and the link between immunological and PRGs in STAD may be therapeutic targets.