Yahya Salimi

Mental health disorders significantly contribute to the global burden of disease, both as non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and as risk factors for other he

Objective Mitral valve failure is one of the most common valvular heart diseases worldwide. Valve replacement and repair have an impact on the quality of life of patients. Therefore, the present study was conducted to compare the quality of life in patients with mitral valve replacement and those who underwent mitral valve repair.Methods In this cross-sectional study, we considered all cardiac patients with ischemic mitral insufficiency who underwent mitral valve repair and patients with a history of valve replacement in Imam Ali Hospital of Kermanshah between 2014 and 2020. Two Minnesota and general quality of life questionnaires along with a checklist for demographic variables were used for data collection. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 21 software.Results The mean quality of life score based on the general quality of life scale in the valve repair group was 32.33 (SD = 2.29) and in the valve replacement group 32.89(SD = 2.60), (p = 0.917). Also, mean quality of life, as measured by the Minnesota MLHFQ was 60.89(SD = 17.67) in the valve repair group and 63.42 (SD = 12.13) in the valve replacement group (p = 0.308). The results showed that the average general quality of life was different in study groups regarding education. Tukey's post hoc test showed that the average general quality of life in illiterate people is significantly lower than in people with academic degrees (P-value = 0.001).Conclusion The quality of life of the patients in both the valve repair and replacement groups was at an average level. There was no significant difference between the general quality of life and the Minnesota scales, suggesting that both tools can be effectively used to measure patients' quality of life. The study's findings can be valuable for monitoring patients, screening for conditions, and enhancing communication between doctors and patients.

Background: Evidence indicating the effect of vitamin D supplementation on improving the clinical outcomes of COVID-19 is limited. Objectives: This study aimed to examine the effect of high-dose vitamin D on mortality and hospital length of stay in ICU patients with COVID-19. Methods: A single-center, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial study was conducted on 61 patients with moderate to severe COVID-19 hospitalized in the ICU of Golestan Hospital, Kermanshah, Iran. Participants were randomly divided to receive a single dose of 300 000 IU vitamin D3 intramuscularly (n = 31) or placebo (n = 30). The primary outcomes were the length of hospital stay and in-hospital mortality. Secondary outcomes were the length of stay in the ICU, the number of patients requiring mechanical ventilation, and the serum level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D. Results: Out of 61 randomized patients, 44 patients with a mean age of 53.49 ± 13.2 years, body mass index of 29.80 ± 5.0 kg/m2, and serum vitamin D level of 24.36 ± 4.47 mg/dL were included in the study for primary analysis, of whom 31 (70.5%) cases were men. Median (interquartile range), the length of hospital stay between the vitamin D group (5.0 [6.0 - 11.0] days), placebo group (11.0 [6.0 - 17.0] days) (log-rank P = 0.23; unadjusted hazard ratio [HR] for hospital discharge, 3.4 [95% confidence interval [CI], 0.4 - 28.05]; P = 0.25; adjusted HR, 0.04 [95%CI, 11.52 - 0.0001]; P = 0.27) and mortality (unadjusted odds ratio [OR], 0.63 [95% CI,0.09 - 4.21]; P = 0.63; adjusted OR, 0.46 [95%CI, 0.03 - 6.55]; P = 0.57) showed no significant difference between the two groups before and after the adjustment of confounding factors. No significant difference was observed between the two groups regarding the need for mechanical ventilation (unadjusted OR for intubation = 2.1 [95% CI, 0.17 - 25.01]; P = 0.55), adjusted OR = 1.16 [95%CI, 0.04 - 27.57]; P = 0.92), and the length of stay in ICUs (log-rank = 2.49, P = 0.114; unadjusted HR for ICU discharge, 6.28 [95%CI, 0.5 - 78.42]; P = 0.15; adjusted HR = 21.48 [95%CI, 0.12 - 3677.48]; P = 0.24). Conclusions: Based on the results, A high dose of vitamin D did not significantly reduce mortality and hospital length of stay in ICU patients with COVID-19.

Background and Aim: Monitoring alcohol consumption in population is very important for planning public health and evaluation of the efficiency of intervention strategies. The aim of this study was to use wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) to estimate alcohol consumption in a Kermanshah City and calculate risk assessment using the margin of exposure ...

Background: The Health Sector Evolution Plan (HSEP) was set up in Iran’s health system to respond to some of the main problems in hospitals and other health sectors. We aimed to compare the effect of the HSEP on teaching hospital performance before and after the implementation of the HSEP through the interrupted time series (ITS) analysis.Methods: With a cross-sectional design, data collection was performed in 17 teaching hospitals affiliated with the Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences (KUMS). We used the existing data on three indicators of hospitalization rate (per 10,000 population), Emergency Department Visits (EDVs) (per 10,000 population), and in-hospital mortality (per 10,000 population). The monthly data from 2009 to 2019 was analyzed by the ITS method 60 months before and 61 months after the HSEP.Results: We found a non-statistically significant decrease in the monthly trend of hospitalization rate relative to the period before the HSEP implementation (−0.084 per 10,000 population [95%CI: −0.269, 0.101](. There was a statistically significant increase in the monthly trend of EDVs rate compared to before the HSEP implementation (1.07 per 10,000 population [95%CI: 0.14, 2.01]). Also, a significant decrease in the monthly trend of in-hospital mortality compared to before the HSEP implementation [−0.003 per 10,000 population (95%CI: −0.006, −0.001)] was observed.Conclusion: Our study demonstrated a significant increasing and decreasing trend for EDVs and in-hospital mortality following the HSEP implementation, respectively. Regarding the increase in hospitalization rate and EDVs after the implementation of HESP, it seems that there is a need to increase investment in healthcare and improve healthcare infrastructure, human resources-related indicators, and the quality of healthcare.

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most frequent endocrine disorders among women of fertile age. Women with PCOS manifest clinical symptoms like menstrual dysfunction, hirsutism, insulin resistance, and hyperinsulinemia. As excessive amounts of insulin levels directly increase ovarian production of androgens, hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance are considered as the pathogenesis factors of PCOS. The portfolio low-carbohydrate diet (PLCD) is a plant-based diet with 40% carbohydrates combined with five cholesterol-lowering foods and nutrients. On the other hand, the ketogenic diet (KD) is a nutritional protocol with 10% carbohydrates. The purpose of this study is to determine whether PLCD or KD is more effective in alleviating PCOS symptoms. Methods: Forty-six overweight or obese women diagnosed with PCOS will be randomly stratified to receive either PLCD or KD for 8 weeks. Measures related to anthropometric and body composition, glucose, and insulin level, HOMA-IR, sex hormones, lipid profile, quality of life, dietary intake, physical activity, and Ferriman-Gallwey score of all participants will be accessed before and after the intervention. Discussion: Since the first line treatment of PCOS is lifestyle adjustment including diet control and exercise, there has not been determined the optimal diet for this population of women yet. Hence, the goal of conducting this study is to determine whether the PLCD or the KD could have more advantageous effects on attenuating PCOS manifestations. The result of this investigation will give us new insight into curing this disease and will provide evidence-based recommendations for prescribing an optimal diet for PCOS women. Trial registration: IRCT20200912048693N3, Trial registered 2022–12-14. https://www.irct.ir/trial/67548

Introduction: The Adult Eating Behavior Questionnaire (AEBQ) is a comprehensive instrument used to assess appetitive traits. This study aims to determine the validity and reliability of the Persian version of the AEBQ in a sample of the Iranian population. Methods This research is a validation study using data from the Health Integrated System (HIS) of adults in Kermanshah city, West of Iran. The AEBQ was completed by 898 individuals in telephone interviews. To evaluate content validity, the indices of relevancy, clarity, and comprehensiveness of the questionnaire were calculated. The construct validity of the questionnaire was also assessed using exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis. To evaluate the reliability, the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Cronbach's alpha were calculated. Results The overall relevancy, clarity and comprehensiveness of the questionnaire were 83%, 86% and 100% respectively. The Cronbach's alpha of questionnaire was 85%. Seven scales were identified based on the exploratory factor analysis. The items of the two scales "hunger" and "food responsiveness" were loaded on one factor. Conclusion The present study has shown that the Persian version of AEBQ is a suitable questionnaire with acceptable validity and reliability to be used as a criterion for assessing a wide range of appetite-related eating behaviors in Iranian people older than 18 years of age.

Introduction: The present study was performed to evaluate the pooled prevalence of the venous thromboembolism (VTE) and the factors affecting its incidence in patients who are affected with coronavirus disease (Covid-19). Patients and methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis were carried out by searching all the authentic online databases. The study includes papers worldwide since 2019 to 2022. After assessing related articles, the required information was collected based on a prepared checklist and analyzed by STATA software. Result: According to the estimates, pooled prevalence of VTE among patients with Covid-19 was 0.17 (95% CI = 0.13–0.22, P = 0.000). Analysis of prevalence values of VTE in patients with Covid-19 based on geographical areas showed statistically significant differences emerged from the study results. Analyses showed that stroke is a significant risk factor. Discussion: The present study showed a relatively high prevalence of VTE in patients infected with coronavirus. Results of study showed that prevalence of VTE is significantly differ according to geographical areas; it can be concluded that racial differences and genetic factors can affect the VTE incidence in Covid-19-affected patients. Additionally, a history of stroke and cerebrovascular events can be a risk factor indicating the need for prophylactic anticoagulant treatment in these patients, but history of respiratory disease, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, liver disease, malignancy, and smoking is not risk factors of VTE in patients affected with Covid-19.

Background: Neosporosis has been considered a cause of abortion in dairy and beef cattle worldwide. Rodents are reservoir hosts for several infectious diseases. It is necessary to determine the prevalence of Neospora caninum in rodents to improve the current understanding of the transmission dynamics of Neospora as well as its life cycle and risk of transmission to livestock. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to estimate the pooled global prevalence of N. caninum in different rodent species.Methods: Published studies on the prevalence of N. caninum in different rodent species were searched in the MEDLINE/PubMed, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, Scopus and Google Scholar and the reference lists of the retrieved articles until July 30, 2022. The eligible studies were selected using inclusion and exclusion criteria. The extracted data were verified and analysed using the random‐effect meta‐analysis.Result: For this meta‐analysis, a total of 4372 rodents from 26 eligible studies were included. The global prevalence of N. caninum in rodents was estimated at 5% (95% CI 2%–9%), with the highest prevalence in Asia (12%; 95% CI 6%–24%) and lowest prevalence in America (3%; 95% CI 1%–14%) and Europe (3%; 95% CI 1%–6%). N. caninum was more prevalent in females (4%; 95% CI 2%–9%) than in males (3%; 95% CI 1%–11%). The most common diagnostic test was polymerase chain reaction (PCR) (21 studies). The pooled prevalence of N. caninum in rodents based on the diagnostic method was as follows: immunohistochemistry: 11% (95% CI 6%–20%), NAT: 5% (95% CI 4%–7%), IFAT: 5% (95% CI 2%–13%) and PCR: 3% (95% CI 1%–9%).Conclusion: The results of this study showed a relatively low but widespread prevalence of N. caninum infection in rodents.