Farman Ali

Epoxy-polyamide CNTs reinforced nanocomposites have the excessive ability for their uniform structures and specific properties and have considerable attention owing to their potential applications. In this work, epoxy/polyamide (ER-PA) and CNTs reinforced epoxy/polyamide (ER-PA/CNTs) nanocomposites were prepared by using the solution casting method. Herein, Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) was applied to indicate the responsible functional groups, presented in the prepared nanocomposites. Surface morphology and particle dispersion of the prepared nanocomposites were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The obtained results demonstrated that the CNT’s weight content, dispersion rates, and the surface functionalization of CNTs nanoparticles have a strong influence on the surface morphology of the prepared nanocomposites. The thermal properties and crystalline nature of the ER-PA/CNTs nanocomposites were studied by using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses. The prepared nanocomposites showed good thermal stability and crystalline behavior as compared to the ER-PA nanocomposites network system. From the obtained results, it can be assumed that this effort can help to design other reinforced nanocomposites for promising applications in the nanocomposites materials industry.

Herein, coatable sulfonated polyimide (SPI) and clay‐reinforced SPI membranes SPI‐clay 3%, SPI‐clay 5%, and SPI‐clay 7% were successfully fabricated by one‐step high temperature via direct imidization method. The membranes were cast as a coatable thin film using a solution casting method and grafted vermiculite clay nanoparticle were incorporated into the neat SPI as reinforcement by the sonication method. Three different formulated nanocomposite membranes were investigated using different characterization techniques such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy as peaks at 1166 and 1227 cm⁻¹ confirmed successful sulfonation. In Proton (¹H) NMR synthesis of SPI confirmed as aromatic proton at 7.3–8.8 ppm depicts successful sulfonation and X‐ray diffraction results confirmed the crystalline structure of clay, as its content increased (7%) clear diffraction peak arises at 6 and 25°. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) provides information about surface morphology of clay reinforced SPI membranes, and SEM micrographs shown uniform dispersion of clay nanofillers and developed easy transfer of electron. Thermogravimetric analysis was performed to investigate the thermal stability of synthesized films, results of thermographs shown degradation in the range of 510–600°C. Different physicochemical parameters employed and their results show the effectiveness of synthesized clay reinforced SPI membranes. Water uptake (WU%) about 0.96%, hydrolytic about 98 h and oxidative stability up to 80°C, ions exchange capacity about 3.16 mmol/g for synthesized clay reinforced SPI membranes. Measurement regarding Dimensional changes was also investigated and dimensional changes (1.557 ∆t/∆l). All these results reveal that the clay‐reinforced coatable SPI membranes are a promising material for polymer electrolyte membranes to be used in fuel cell energy applications.