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Aim: The research examined the relationship between SLC6A3 3′-UTR and intron 8 VNTR polymorphisms and their influence on supra-second time estimation performance and EEG alpha band activity. Material and methods: A total of 178 male participants (aged 18 to 32 years) underwent genotyping for the SLC6A3 3′-UTR and intron 8 VNTR polymorphisms. An electroencephalographic assessment was conducted targeting the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), simultaneously with the time estimation task. The 3′-UTR and intron 8 VNTRs polymorphisms were linked to absolute error and ratio in a time estimation task (target duration: 1 s, 4 s, 7 s, and 9 s) neurophysiological variable. Results: Regarding the absolute error and ratio, the combinatory effect of SLC6A3 3′-UTR and intron 8 VNTRs showed a difference in the interpretation of time only for 1 s (p = 0.0002). In the EEG alpha power, the analysis revealed a difference only for the left DLPFC (p = 0.0002). Conclusions: Electrophysiological and behavioral investigation in the time perception associated with the SLC6A3 gene suggests an alternative evaluation of neurobiological aspects inbuilt in timing. The 3′-UTR and intron 8 VNTR polymorphisms modulate dopaminergic neurotransmission during short-temporal scale judgment in the domain of supra seconds and indicate a role in its inputs to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex during the voluntary attention processes for visual stimulus. Our findings demonstrate that cognitive resources to capture and store time intervals can be measured based on the EEG power activity pattern.

Human Pose Estimation (HPE) is a computer vision application that utilizes deep learning techniques to precisely locate Key Joint Points (KJPs), enabling the accurate description of a person’s pose. HPE models can be extended to facilitate Range of Motion (ROM) assessment by leveraging patient photographs. This study aims to evaluate and compare the performance of HPE models for assessing upper limbs ROM. A physiotherapist evaluated the degrees of ROM in shoulders (flexion, extension, and abduction) and elbows (flexion and extension) for fifty-two participants using both Universal Goniometer (UG) and five HPE models. Participants were instructed to repeat each movement three times to obtain measurements with the UG, then positioned while photos were captured using the NLMeasurer mobile application. The paired t-test, bias, and error measures were employed to evaluate the difference and agreement between measurement methods. Results indicated that the MoveNet Thunder INT16 model exhibited superior performance. Root Mean Square Errors obtained through this model were <10° in 8 of 10 analyzed movements. HPE models demonstrated better performance in shoulder flexion and abduction movements while exhibiting unsatisfactory performance in elbow flexion. Challenges such as image perspective distortion, environmental lighting conditions, images in monocular view, and complications in the pose may influence the models’ performance. Nevertheless, HPE models show promise in identifying KJPs and facilitating ROM measurements, potentially enhancing convenience and efficiency in assessments. However, their current accuracy for this application is unsatisfactory, highlighting the need for caution when considering automated upper limb ROM measurement with them. The implementation of these models in clinical practice does not diminish the crucial role of examiners in carefully inspecting images and making adjustments to ensure measurement reliability.

Physiotherapy is one of the areas that can act in the process of diagnosis and monitoring of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). In this sense, the objective was to outline the studies and development of technologies on the subject and the physiotherapeutic approaches already registered in databases. The search was conducted from January to July 2022, the descriptors used were "ADHD AND Physiotherapy" being performed on the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) patent database and articles and abstracts: Scopus Web of Science, PubMed, The Lens and ScienceDirect. Using the Scopus Web of Science, PubMed, The Lens and ScienceDirect article bases and the descriptors “ADHD AND Physiotherapy”. It is concluded that the role of physiotherapy in the development and monitoring of people with ADHD, from diagnosis, with exercises and activities that help in motor, neurological and cognitive progression, becomes relevant for promoting health and quality of life for these patients.

O Transtorno de Déficit de Atenção/Hiperatividade (TDAH) inicia-se na infância e apresenta como sintomas a falta de atenção, hiperatividade e dificuldade de autocontrole. Objetivou-se identificar os principais estudos e aplicações tecnológicas sobre TDAH e eletroencefalograma (EEG) em bases de dados e nas patentes. A pesquisa ocorreu de setembro a dezembro de 2021, utilizando para o levantamento de artigos científicos as bases da Web of Science e Pubmed e para as patentes: United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO), European Patent Office (EPO), World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) e o Instituto Nacional de Propriedade Industrial (INPI) do Brasil. Os resultados nas bases de dados mostraram os USA liderando o ranking e a busca por patentes evidenciou um crescimento no número de depósitos. Constatou-se a necessidade de maiores investimentos em tecnologia brasileira, pois os resultados evidenciaram poucos registros na base de dados INPI sendo relevante maior atenção no desenvolvimento tecnológico do país.

Organizado por: Prof.° Dr. Adriano Mesquita Soares ISBN 978-65-5379-000-1 DOI: 10.47573/aya.5379.2.55 N° páginas: 391 Formato: Livro Digital (PDF)