Xinpeng Wang

The size distribution, number density, and spatial uniformity of strengthening precipitates were precisely tailored for low‐alloyed Al–Si–Mg based alloy wires by systematically modulating the cooling rate after solution treatment. Increasing cooling rate drives progressive precipitate refinement in hard‐tempered Al–Si–Mg wires: furnace‐cooled (FC) samples exhibit predominantly elongated, strip‐like precipitates; air‐cooled (AC) samples contain equiaxed submicron particles with narrow size dispersion; and water‐cooled (WC) samples show near‐suppression of equilibrium precipitation, retaining only sparse, nanoscale solute clusters. The fine, uniformly distributed precipitates in the AC samples exhibit elevated flow stress during cold deformation—attributable to enhanced dislocation pinning. Coarse precipitates in FC samples effectively suppress abnormal grain growth during annealing via robust Zener pinning, improving microstructural homogeneity and enhancing ductility by mitigating localized stress concentration. Nanoscale precipitates in WC samples deliver potent dislocation strengthening while imposing minimal electron scattering. Quantitative modeling confirms that strategically shifting the dominant strengthening mechanism from grain boundary‐mediated to dislocation‐ and precipitate‐dominated pathways yields a 32.5 MPa in ultimate tensile strength (UTS) with only a 0.18% IACS reduction in EC. Ultimately, the AC condition demonstrates a favorable balance among strength, ductility, and EC in Al–Si–Mg alloy conductors, attributed to optimized grain structure, solute distribution, and precipitation behavior.

With the acceleration of global industrialization, chemical residues of radionuclides and organic pollutants in water bodies have become an increasingly severe issue. This study developed a ternary heterogeneous structural material, ZIF-8@ZIF-67/AE-SiC, which served as a dual-functional material combining both nuclide adsorption and organic pollutant degradation capabilities. Alkali-etched silicon carbide (AE-SiC) was introduced as a functional carrier, combining the confinement effect of ZIF-8 with the redox activity of ZIF-67 to enhance surface activity and mass-transfer efficiency. On the one hand, ZIF-8@ZIF-67/AE-SiC exhibited a maximum theoretical adsorption capacity of 52.07 mg/g for Sr. The adsorption process was well described by the pseudo-first-order kinetic model and the Freundlich isotherm, and the material exhibited good selectivity under competitive ions. On the other hand, ZIF-8@ZIF-67/AE-SiC removed over 95% of ciprofloxacin (CIP) within 20 min, and showed good efficiency in removing low concentrations (100 μg/L) of CIP. It maintained high-efficiency degradation across a wide pH range (5-11) and temperature range (15-45 °C), and exhibited broad-spectrum degradation capabilities of over 85% for other pollutants. The synergistic effects of radical and nonradical pathways dominated by SO₄^•- and ¹O₂ enable rapid decomposition of pollutants. The structural stability was enhanced due to the stabilizing effect of the Si-O-M bonds and the supporting role of the shell-core structure, resulting in a 60-80% reduction in Zn/Co leaching concentrations compared to pure ZIFs. This work provides a new approach for developing efficient and multifunctional water treatment materials.

A novel mesoporous XAD-based adsorbent (A336/XAD-7) was produced by impregnating the ionic liquid A336 into the pores of XAD-7 resin and used to separate tin(IV) and cadmium(II) from high-level liquid waste (HLLW). The as-produced material was characterized by SEM-EDS, TG-DSC, and N₂ adsorption–desorption isotherms, which revealed a well-developed open pore structure, high loading capacity, and large specific surface area. Adsorption performance analysis showed that in 4 M HCl solution, the experimental saturated adsorption capacity qexp of A336/XAD-7 for Sn(IV) and Cd(II) were 39.51 mg/g and 34.18 mg/g, respectively, with equilibrium reached within 120 min. Among ten coexisting metal ions (Sn⁴⁺, Cd²⁺, Co²⁺, Ni²⁺, Cu²⁺, Eu³⁺, Y³⁺, Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, Al³⁺) in HLLW, A336/XAD-7 exhibited excellent selectivity for Sn(IV) under high acidity, with a separation factor (SF_Sn/others) of 13.13. Column experiments further evaluated the dynamic separation of Sn(IV) from simulated HLLW using A336/XAD-7, achieving an enrichment factor greater than 7. XPS spectra indicated that the adsorption mechanism involved anion exchange between A336/XAD-7 and the complex anions SnCl₆²⁻ and CdCl₄²⁻. This work demonstrates the application potential of A336/XAD-7 for HLLW treatment and provides valuable guidance for the efficient separation of other metal ions.

Constructing Z-scheme heterojunctions is crucial for improving the charge localization on the surface of photocatalysts and enhancing photocatalytic reduction performance. Herein, this research proposes a heterostructure construction strategy that utilizes a Nickel-based metal organic framework with MOF-74 topology (Ni-MOF-74) as a structural template for deriving ultrathin CoAl-LDH nanosheets (denoted as 20-NiL). This approach enables precise control over the two-dimensional lamellar morphology and interfacial electronic structure, facilitating electron-hole pair separation and mitigating CoAl-LDH nanosheet aggregation. Under simulated solar irradiation, 20-NiL exhibits a CO production rate of 79.86 μmol·g^-1·h^-1, representing a 70% enhancement over the pristine components. By comparing the XPS spectra before and after the photocatalytic reaction, we confirm the charge transfer mechanism of the Z-scheme heterojunction: the binding energies of Co and Al increase, while that of Ni decreases, indicating the transfer of electrons (e^-) from CoAl-LDH to Ni-MOF-74 upon light irradiation. In situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy combined with Soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy elucidates the 2e^- pathway for CO₂ conversion to CO through the dominant intermediates COOH* and CO*. This work is expected to provide helpful reference for the development of Z-scheme heterojunction photocatalysts and the investigation of their charge transfer kinetics.

Low-resistance ohmic contact is a critical issue that must be addressed for the practical application of oxide thin-film transistors (TFTs). In stacked electrodes, it was conventionally believed that the bottom metal layer in direct contact with the semiconductor (typically 5-20 nm) played a decisive role in device performance. Here, a significant influence of the top metal layer on device performance has been demonstrated based on amorphous indium-gallium-oxide (a-IGO) TFTs. By engineering In/X (X: Ag, Au, Cu, Al) stacked electrodes, the field-effect mobility (μ_FE) of a-IGO TFTs varies between 18.53 and 33.66 cm²/(V s). Kelvin probe microscopy measurements reveal that the effective work functions of different metal combinations can differ by up to 0.33 eV. This finding suggests that the traditional approach of analyzing contact characteristics based solely on the bottom metal's work function should be reconsidered, as the effective work function of stacked metal requires reevaluation. By optimizing stacked electrodes and bottom metal thickness, a-IGO TFTs with 15 nm In/Cu contacts achieve a μ_FE exceeding 33.66 cm²/V·s and contact resistance of 92.7 kΩ·μm. Our experiments provide valuable references for the design of subsequent oxide TFTs.

Pyridine heterocyclic covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have attracted widespread attention in the field of photo‐driven hydrogen peroxide (H ₂ O ₂ ) synthesis due to their unique optoelectronic properties and excellent electron affinity. In this study, the microenvironment change of COFs is achieved through the system regulation of pyridine content in its skeleton. Among these COFs, the bipyridine‐structured TpDaBp exhibits the best visible‐light‐driven H ₂ O ₂ evolution rate of 8156 µmol g ⁻¹ h ⁻¹ and reveals significant potential for photocatalytic uranium extraction, attributed to its enhanced π–π interactions, improved optoelectronic performance, and enlarged specific surface area. This work not only provided a new strategy for further designing novel pyridine N‐heterocyclic‐based COFs but also shows its novel advantages of application.

The construction of S‐scheme heterojunctions with a strong internal electric field (IEF) is critical for enhancing photocatalytic performance. Herein, an S‐scheme heterojunction composed of CoAl‐LDH and ZrO ₂ (denoted as LZ‐60) is synthesized via a hydrothermal method. Under simulated solar irradiation, LZ‐60 exhibited a CO production rate of 562.545 µmol g ⁻¹ h ⁻¹ , which is five times higher than pristine CoAl‐LDH and 43 times higher than pristine ZrO ₂ . X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) revealed electron transfer from CoAl‐LDH to ZrO ₂ upon hybridization, generating an IEF at the interface. This electron transfer and IEF are further verified by density‐functional theory (DFT) calculations of work functions. Comparative XPS analysis before and after the photocatalytic reaction confirmed the S‐scheme charge transfer mechanism: the binding energies of Co and Al decreased, while Zr increased, indicating electron transfer from ZrO ₂ to CoAl‐LDH under light. Photoelectrochemical characterizations (PL, EIS) demonstrated enhanced charge separation in the heterojunction. In‐situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy identified CO* as the dominant intermediate, confirming high CO selectivity. The accelerated charge separation and strengthened redox capability synergistically contribute to the superior CO ₂ reduction performance of the S‐scheme LZ‐60 heterojunction. This work provides a valuable reference for designing efficient CO ₂ reduction photocatalysts.