Shafa Aliyev

The article studies the efficient use of natural resources of the Karabakh economic region and assesses the existing potential. The essence and strategic aspects of the processes of creating the Karabakh economic region are explained. The characteristics of natural resources available in Karabakh are examined and summarized. The resource potential and development prospects of the administrative territories included in the Karabakh economic region are analyzed. The socio-economic significance of the construction work carried out in post-conflict areas is given. The volume of product output in rural, forest and fishery farms in the Karabakh economic region is analyzed. The potential for irrigation and water supply of agriculture in the Karabakh economic region is also given. At the same time, the main natural resources of the Karabakh economic region and their directions of use are indicated. In addition, the economic potential of the region's recreational resources is assessed. It is substantiated that the Karabakh region is one of the most promising areas of Azerbaijan in terms of green energy potential. A SWOT assessment of the use of natural resources in the Karabakh economic region is carried out. Taking into account new challenges, proposals have been developed for the efficient use of natural resources of the Karabakh economic region.

This article explores the strategic dimensions of the development of interstate economic relations between Azerbaijan and Kazakhstan. The purpose of the article is to comprehensively analyze the strategic aspects of the development of interstate economic relations between Azerbaijan and Kazakhstan in order to assess the potential for expanding foreign economic cooperation, diversifying trade ties and developing practical recommendations for their further strengthening in the context of global economic transformations. It analyzes economic processes in the postSoviet period and identifies priority areas for the modernization and structural transformation of national economies as independent states. The study assesses the potential to expand foreign economic relations and diversify foreign trade turnover between the two fraternal countries. It presents the commodity composition of exports and imports and highlights the importance of increasing the range and volume of high-tech and competitive products. The article emphasizes the significance of projects to develop modern green energy infrastructure and to leverage joint potential in this sector to further enhance exports to Europe. Special attention is given to the considerable opportunities to increase cargo transportation between Azerbaijan and Kazakhstan by efficiently utilizing the global transport and logistics corridor — the Middle Corridor (Trans-Caspian route) — which links Europe and Asia. The attractiveness of global transport routes is analyzed, and active, joint participation of Azerbaijan and Kazakhstan in this sphere is recommended. The article also examines the characteristics of interstate relations between the two countries and the state policy measures to establish an investment fund aimed at improving the investment climate for economic and business entities in both nations. Furthermore, the necessity of intensifying trade and economic cooperation and ensuring favorable conditions for the effective functioning of foreign trade participants is highlighted. Finally, the article provides recommendations to enhance and develop interstate trade and economic relations between Azerbaijan and Kazakhstan in contemporary conditions.

The article examines the formation of an innovative development model and the assessment of green energy potential in ensuring green industrial development in Azerbaijan. The problems of developing and modeling the green industry have been explained. The positive impacts of the green industry on the environment have been analyzed and systematized. Taking into account new challenges, an assessment of the development potential of the green energy industry in Azerbaijan has been conducted. The positive aspects of various types of green energy, including clean and inexhaustible energy sources such as solar, wind, water, biomass, and geothermal, were explained. The possibility of taking effective measures to reduce carbon emissions, prevent environmental pollution, and ensure energy security by expanding the green economy and increasing the production of green energy has been substantiated. The potential of green energy types to significantly reduce carbon emissions and make a significant contribution to maintaining ecological balance has been explored. The development of the green energy industry can ensure the economic revival and improvement of the social well-being of regions. In terms of environmental protection in Azerbaijan, the importance of improving the processes of using and neutralizing waste generated by industrial sectors was emphasized. The volume, use, and disposal of waste generated by industrial enterprises in Azerbaijan in 2024 were analyzed. The role of digitalization and innovation in the development of the green industry was examined. The possibilities of artificial intelligence, blockchain, big data, and other digital technologies were explored. The main benefits of implementing an innovative development model in Azerbaijan are given. The benefits of implementing an innovative development model in industry are schematically presented. The importance of forming an innovative development model in ensuring green industrial construction in Azerbaijan was stated. The implementation processes of a number of major projects related to the development of the green energy industry were analyzed. The volume of electricity generation from green sources has been analyzed. The power of hydro, solar, and wind power plants has been given. The need to develop efficient energy storage systems to ensure a stable green energy supply has been highlighted. In the near future, generalizations were made, recommendations and proposals were prepared on the creation of an innovative development model for green industrial construction in Azerbaijan, and the assessment of green energy potential.

Developmental dyslexia in Arabic-speaking children presents unique challenges due to the structural and orthographic characteristics of the Arabic language, particularly the role of vowel diacritics in phonological decoding. Existing intervention models, primarily designed for Indo-European languages, often do not adequately account for these language-specific features. This study introduces Smart Phono-Memory (SPM), an adaptive digital tool designed to support phonological processing through the integration of phonological awareness training, working memory activation, and controlled manipulation of vowelized and non-vowelized stimuli. In parallel, the study proposes the Diacritic-Gated Phonological Access (DGPA) model, which reconceptualizes diacritic processing as a central regulatory mechanism in Arabic reading. The proposed framework emphasizes the interaction between orthographic transparency and cognitive processing, highlighting how diacritic cues influence the stability of phonological representations. It further explores the relationship between phonological awareness and working memory as interdependent components in the decoding process. The adaptive nature of the SPM system allows for individualized progression, aligning task complexity with the learner’s cognitive profile and reducing processing overload. In addition, the study situates Arabic reading within a broader cognitive-linguistic context, underscoring the importance of language-specific variables in literacy development. The integration of digital technology with theoretical modeling offers a novel perspective on intervention design, bridging the gap between cognitive theory and applied educational practice. The findings contribute to an emerging body of research advocating for culturally and linguistically responsive approaches in dyslexia intervention. By situating phonological processing within a language-specific cognitive framework, this work advances the theoretical understanding of Arabic reading acquisition and highlights the importance of adaptive, linguistically grounded digital interventions for addressing dyslexia in non-European orthographies.

The article examines the priorities for strengthening Azerbaijan's economic security and sovereignty in the context of sustainable development. The problems of increasing the competitiveness of the national economy were considered and systematized. The country's economic security indicators were analyzed and evaluated. Analyses were conducted on the diversification of the economy and various macroeconomic activity directions. Attention was paid to the problems of ensuring the dynamism of the economy in accordance with the conditions of sustainable development in the modern era. The necessity of determining ways to solve the problems arising from global challenges in the context of ensuring the country's economic security was given. The issues of diversifying the structure of the country's GDP and ensuring macrofinancial stability were considered. The problems of increasing the standard of living of the population were kept in mind. The current issues of the state's economic policy were touched upon. The problems of efficient use of foreign exchange reserves were explained. The potential for transition to a green economy and strengthening green energy infrastructure was investigated. Directions for solving environmental problems were indicated. The strategic importance and goals of restoring post-conflict territories were substantiated. The strategic role of the Zangezur Transport-Logistics Corridor in the countries of the region and at the international level was noted. Taking into account new challenges, recommendations have been made and proposals have been prepared on ways to solve the problems of strengthening Azerbaijan's economic security and sovereignty in accordance with the conditions of sustainable development.

В статье исследованы основные направления развития вновь созданного Восточно-Зангезурского экономического района Азербайджана. Для этого раскрыты геогеографические, геоэкономические и геополитические преимущества экономического региона. Обобщён ресурсный потенциал региона и рассмотрены процессы возвращения бывших переселенцев населения на родные земли. Проанализированы процессы социально-экономического развития административных районов, входящих в состав Восточно-Зангезурский экономический район. Подготовлен ряд рекомендаций и предложений по рассматриваемым проблемам.

В статье исследованы актуальные проблемы диверсификации экономики Азербайджана в условиях постконфликтных территорий. С этой целью раскрыть содержание реформ, проведённых в годы восстановления независимости после распада бывшего СССР. Обоснована стратегическая роль «Контракта века» в формировании модели экономического развития Азербайджана. Рассмотрены меры, реализуемые в направлении развития направлений ненефтегазового сектора, и результаты государственных программ. Были затронуты актуальные проблемы экономического развития на территориях, освобождённых от оккупации. Даны ряд предложений по диверсификации экономики страны в контексте постконфликтных территорий.

The economic and historical aspects of the development of Karabakh in the 18th-21st centuries were studied in the article. Starting from the 18th century, the development processes of Karabakh, especially the stages of the formation and development of the city of Shusha, were analyzed. The chronology of trade and economic relations in Karabakh in the 19th century is given. It was stated that the city of Shusha is one of the important strategic points on the Great Silk Road. The problems and artificial interventions in the socio-economic development of Karabakh during the former USSR period are explained. The processes of returning the central status of Shusha city in 1970-1980s by the great leader Heydar Aliyev are given. In the period after the restoration of independence, the problems arising from the occupation of Karabakh were systematized. The strategic aspects of the creation of the Karabakh economic region after the Second Karabakh War are summarized. The exceptional importance of the State Program I of the Great Return has been revealed. The priorities for the sectoral structure of the economy of this region, which includes the perspectives of the economic development of Karabakh and suggestions have been made.

The purpose of the research is to investigate the strategic aspects of the development of the Fuzuli city in the revitalization of the Karabakh economic region. Development resources and natural potential of the region have been disclosed. Tasks and targets for the rehabilitation and development of the territories freed from occupation have been given. Formation and development processes of Fuzuli city, which is one of the important territorial units of Karabakh economic region, are summarized. Specific characteristics of the socio-economic development of the Fuzuli city during the period of the Soviet Union have been revealed. The regional impact of the restoration of Fuzuli city was considered. The strategic importance of Fuzuli International Airport was brought to attention. In the near future, a group of recommendations and suggestions were made on the important role of accelerating the development of the city of Fuzuli in the revival of the Karabakh economic region.