Agus Dwi Wicaksono

Regional disparity remains a critical development challenge in Blitar Regency, East Java, particularly between the relatively more developed northern area and the geographically constrained southern area. This study aims to measure the level of regional disparity across sub-districts and identify the dominant factors influencing the north–south development gap. A quantitative approach was applied using primary data from questionnaires distributed to relevant Regional Apparatus Work Units and secondary data from official statistical, planning, and sectoral documents. The Gini Index and Lorenz Curve were used to measure the distributional inequality of 18 physical, economic, social, infrastructure, accessibility, and geographical variables, while factor analysis was employed to identify the main dimensions of regional disparity. The results show that most variables have low to moderate inequality, but PDAM customers and damaged road conditions show high disparity, with Gini Index values of 0.78 and 0.60, respectively. These findings indicate that basic-service access and road quality are the most critical expressions of spatial inequality in Blitar Regency. Factor analysis identifies five dominant dimensions: regional economic potential, public facilities, accessibility and basic infrastructure, social conditions, and geographical conditions. Regional economic potential explains the largest variance, yet infrastructure inequality remains central because it affects the ability of peripheral sub-districts to access markets, public services, and development opportunities. The study concludes that disparity in Blitar Regency is multidimensional and requires targeted infrastructure investment, PDAM expansion, road rehabilitation, and spatially sensitive development planning.

Digitalization has accelerated ride-hailing growth by offering urban commuters convenience and flexibility. In Indonesia, rising usage has intensified competition among platforms such as Grab and its rivals. Despite its extensive reach, Grab continues to face negative perceptions concerning pricing, inconsistent service, and suboptimal user experiences, which erode customer satisfaction and loyalty. Malang City was selected for its high mobility and rapidly growing user base. As a mid-size city with moderate density and growing transport demand, Malang is suitable for studying ride-hailing beyond megacities. This study integrates SERVQUAL and the Kano Model to identify, classify, and prioritize service attributes influencing GrabBike user satisfaction. A purposive sample of 385 respondents completed an online survey (Google Forms) between December 2025 and January 2026. The overall quality ratio (Q) was 0.85, and Tangibles was the lowest performing dimension. RL4 (fare suitability) recorded the largest gap (-1.65), a critical priority. Kano classification yielded 7 Must-Be, 3 One-Dimensional, 3 Attractive, 1 Indifferent, and 1 Reverse attributes. This integrated approach constitutes a novel, data-driven framework for prioritizing service enhancements. The findings provide guidance to remedy dissatisfiers and invest in delight-enhancing attributes, while establishing local quality benchmarks for policymakers.

This study examines the influence of social capital on economic autonomy in rural Indonesia, with a focus on the mediating role of community empowerment. Adopting a sequential exploratory–confirmatory mixed-methods design, we first conducted 12 focus group discussions and eight in-depth interviews to capture local perspectives, and then implemented a structured household survey involving 128 respondents in Karangpatihan Village, Ponorogo Regency. Quantitative analysis using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (SmartPLS 4) reveals that social capital exerts a strong positive influence on community empowerment (β = 0.66, p < 0.001), which subsequently enhances economic independence (β = 0.46, p < 0.001). A direct, though weaker, pathway was also identified between social capital and income generation (β = 0.32, p < 0.001). Mediation analysis confirms that empowerment partially mediates this relationship (VAF = 0.59), highlighting empowerment as a critical mechanism through which social resources are converted into economic outcomes. Qualitative findings enrich these results, highlighting structural constraints, particularly poor feeder roads and limited market access, which hinder the full benefits of social capital. To conceptualize these dynamics, we propose a Layered Conversion Model, in which social capital functions as latent potential, community empowerment serves as the conversion mechanism, and infrastructure constitutes the payoff ceiling. This model not only extends Sen’s capability approach but also offers a replicable analytical framework for evaluating the effectiveness of Indonesia’s village fund programmes. Our findings underscore the need to integrate empowerment strategies with infrastructure investment to strengthen pathways toward sustainable rural economic independence.

This research examines the effect of the Tunggulmas Bridge construction on movement patterns in Malang City, Indonesia, focusing on road network performance through the Volume to Capacity (V/C) ratio and Level of Service (LoS). The study addresses the scientific-applied problem of traffic congestion and network performance evaluation due to new infrastructure. The V/C ratio is a key traffic performance metric that represents the relationship between traffic volume (V) and road capacity (C). A V/C ratio below 0.75 indicates smooth traffic flow (LoS A–C), 0.75–0.85 suggests moderate congestion (LoS D), 0.85–1.0 signals high congestion (LoS E), and a V/C ratio exceeding 1.0 means oversaturated conditions (LoS F), where demand surpasses road capacity, leading to significant delays. The methodology involved a four-step modeling approach using Cube Voyager for network performance and PTV Vissim for intersection performance. The results show that 6 out of 14 road segments experienced a reduction in the V/C ratio, indicating improved conditions, while 5 segments saw increased congestion, and 3 remained unchanged. Additionally, the new bridge led to the formation of two new intersections, impacting existing intersections by increasing queue lengths and delays, particularly from the Batu direction. Quantitative findings highlight that the bridge significantly altered movement patterns. The highest trip origins were from Ketawanggede and Dinoyo, areas known for education and commerce, with traffic redistribution leading to varying impacts on different segments. Without intervention, a 10-year projection indicates further deterioration in road performance, with more segments exceeding a V/C ratio of 1. The study’s practical applicability lies in its recommendations for traffic management, including road widening, additional networks, and toll roads, to optimize network performance. Compared to existing literature, these results provide a localized understanding of infrastructure impacts, offering data-driven solutions to urban traffic challenges

This study investigates the impact of the newly constructed Kediri Airport on air passenger movement patterns in East Java, with a focus on its effect on the existing Juanda and Abdulrachman Saleh Airports. The research addresses the issue of congestion at these primary airports and explores the potential for passenger redistribution with the introduction of a new airport. Using stated preference methods, this study examines how variations in travel costs and time influence passengers’ choices between airports and their shifting patterns. The results indicate that Kediri Airport, due to its improved accessibility and service quality, holds significant potential to divert passenger traffic from Juanda and Abdulrachman Saleh. Projections show that by 2024, Kediri could capture up to 42 % of the passenger traffic currently centered at these primary airports, significantly easing congestion at the main airports. Additionally, the study suggests that the implementation of a Multi-Airport System (MAS) could effectively manage this redistribution, optimizing the use of regional airports and enhancing overall connectivity across East Java. The findings contribute valuable insights into strategic airport network planning and emphasize Kediri’s role in enhancing regional mobility and supporting economic growth. These results are highly relevant for infrastructure planning, where MAS can be leveraged to optimize airport operations and ensure sustainable growth

The object of this study is the performance of port operational services, and formulate priority strategies to improve the performance of asphalt distribution services. It is focuses on Nambo Port, which has an important role in the distribution of Buton asphalt to various regions. The study aims to improve the operational efficiency and quality of asphalt delivery services at Nambo Port. Previous studies mentioned that the performance of asphalt loading and unloading at Nambo Port is not good. Therefore, to overcome the problem, this study tries to complement the previous study by applying the Kano model to evaluate and improve the service quality of Buton asphalt distribution at Nambo Port. The main findings show that the ratio of effective loading and unloading time and mooring time of ships reached 63,75 %, which are at least 70 %. In addition, the unloading rate of asphalt is 37,26 tons/hour, which are at least 100 tons/hour. These results show that ships spend a lot of time loading and unloading asphalt at the dock. Through the prioritized strategies generated from the Kano model, it is possible to address the identified problems. The resulting strategies emphasize the efficiency of loading and unloading operations, heavy equipment readiness, expedition fleet readiness, fast and transparent administrative processes, and management of port facility infrastructure such as lighting, road conditions, and security. The proposed strategy can be applied in practice with infrastructure development, effective coordination between stakeholders, and monitoring of operations to ensure sustainability of improvements. Thus, the implementation of these strategies is expected to improve the performance of efficient

This study introduces the "FIPIA with information entropy" method as an evolution of previous models (IPA, IPIA, FIPA) to evaluate the quality of tourism services at Telaga Madiredo. The aim is to identify priority areas for improvement, providing actionable recommendations for optimal resource allocation to enhance customer service and satisfaction. The integration of fuzzy rules and expert assessments reduces subjectivity in evaluation. Despite its rich potential as a nature-based tourism destination, Madiredo Agrotourism faces challenges due to insufficient prioritization and evaluation of services, leading to a gap between tourist expectations and actual service quality. The primary goal is to develop a comprehensive plan for improving tourism services aligned with on-ground realities and critical priorities. This is achieved through three parameters: comparing importance and performance of service attributes, assessing their impact on business objectives, and evaluating their importance for tourist satisfaction. The study involved field testing by distributing a questionnaire with 18 items to Madiredo Lake tourists and analyzing responses using Importance-Performance-Impact Analysis (IPIA), fuzzy logic, and information entropy. The findings revealed five key dimensions of service quality: reliability, assurance, tangibles, empathy, and responsiveness. The FIPIA method with information entropy proved effective for prioritizing service improvements and is adaptable for evaluating service quality across various industries where attributes significantly influence outcomes.

Selorejo Dam Tourist Park is a natural and artificial tourist attraction in Malang Regency. The existence of this tourism has a direct influence on the economy of the surrounding community. Based on Malang Regent Regulation Number 11 of 2022 concerning the 2023 Regional Government Work Plan, Selorejo Dam Tourism Park is one of the leading tourist attractions in Malang Regency that can be developed. This tourism has great potential to be developed, but the number of tourists is decreasing yearly. This can occur due to problems with aspects of tourism service. Tourism service is a minimum requirement for the development of a tourist destination. The tourism service aspect consists of 6A: Attraction, Accessibility, Amenities, Ancillary Services, Activities, and Available Packages. This research aims to identify problems with the service aspects of the Selorejo Dam Tourist Park. The analytical method used is triangulation analysis, which consists of observation, questionnaires (Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA)), and interviews. Triangulation analysis aims to reduce bias as much as possible at the data collection and analysis stage. Meanwhile, IPA determines tourists' interests and satisfaction with aspects of tourism services. The research results show that the problems with tourism service aspects resulting from each data collection differ. The issues of each data collection are compared and then concluded. In conclusion, 20 Selorejo Dam Tourist Park service elements have problems. The results of this study are expected to be a reference for the managers of Selorejo Dam Tourist Park to develop the aspects of tourism services.

The Kemitraan Perhutani/Perhutani Partnership is a community-based forest management program that is oriented towards two goals, namely forest sustainability and community welfare. This program has been implemented in several areas, one of which is Wadang Village. This program in Wadang Village is supervised and implemented by Perhutani RPH Wadang, KPH Bojonegoro. Implementation of this program involves communities around the forest, especially farmers. Implementing this program in several other areas has had a positive impact on farmers or the community, especially regarding their economy. This research was intended to analyze the influence of the Kemitraan Perhutani/Perhutani Partnership program on the economic welfare of farmers who are members and it is hoped that it can become a basis for developing the economy of the community, especially farmers. This research uses descriptive methods and SEM-PLS to analyze the effect of participation on economic welfare. Samples were taken using the accidental sampling method with a sample of 75 farmers. Next, the survey data will be input into the SEM-PLS model and a simulation will be carried out to determine the effect of participation variables on economic welfare. The results obtained are that the variables participation in planning, participation in implementation, and participation in the utilization of results have values of 3.565; 3.253; and 4.343 respectively. This value has a value range of more than ≥ 1.96 so the participation variable in planning, implementation, and utilization of results has a significant effect on the economic welfare variable. Apart from that, the R² value obtained from the model is 0.75. This means that the economic welfare variable can be explained by 75% using participation variables in planning, implementation, and utilization of results. The conclusion above means that the greater the participation of farmers in the planning, implementation, and utilization stages, the greater the possibility that their economic welfare will also increase.