Xiang Li

Planning education in China faces cognitive overload, resource inequality, and limited personalized practice. This paper proposes a New Educational Technology System (NETS) that reallocates pedagogical labor between artificial intelligence (AI) and human intelligence based on comparative cognitive advantage. We validate NETS through the Virtual Teaching and Research Section for Territorial Spatial Planning (VTRS-TSP), a consortium of seventy-three Chinese universities. Using mixed methods, including student surveys and instructor interviews, we find that AI-augmented workflows significantly improve efficiency and interdisciplinary knowledge synthesis while preserving human primacy in creative and ethical deliberation. NETS offers a scalable, transferable framework for human-AI complementarity in planning education.

Accurately assessing the accessibility of fire services is critical for enhancing urban safety and the resilience of the built environment. However, existing studies often lack a systematic analysis of spatiotemporal dynamics across an entire municipality. To address this gap, this study develops a citywide dynamic assessment framework for Shanghai, integrating GIS with real-time traffic data across 240 consecutive intervals to assess the service accessibility of 195 fire stations in relation to 7973 key units of fire safety. The principal findings are threefold. First, the results reveal significant urban–suburban heterogeneity in emergency response times. Notably, the proximity advantage of fire stations in central urban areas is offset by traffic congestion, and the marginal benefit of traffic speed improvement exhibits a sharp decline once the average speed exceeds a critical threshold of 13.7–21.0 km/h. Second, the accessibility ratio demonstrates a clear temporal pattern, being highest on holidays and lowest during weekday peak hours, and follows a nonlinear spatial decline from the urban centre to the periphery. This pattern is influenced more critically by the matching of supply and demand than by fire station density alone. Third, the analysis identifies dynamic vulnerability hotspots, which display a ‘bimodal (M-shaped)’ pattern on weekdays and a ‘unimodal (A-shaped)’ pattern on weekends and holidays. This spatiotemporal mismatch shows that central urban areas, despite higher station density, can suffer from both high fire risk and low accessibility, revealing structural patterns consistent with the ‘Inverse Care Law’ in emergency service provision. This study concludes that merely improving traffic conditions is insufficient; optimising the spatial matching of resources is paramount for effective urban disaster prevention. By developing a refined dynamic assessment framework, this study advances current knowledge by focusing on demand locations consistent with actual fire regulatory priorities and examining spatiotemporal patterns across both urban and suburban areas, thereby providing quantitative, evidence-based support for the strategic planning of fire stations and the enhancement of infrastructure resilience.

Despite the aesthetic potential of free-form envelopes in large-scale public buildings, geometric interlacing complexity, ambiguous façade boundaries, and constructability translation gaps persist as systemic barriers. This study addresses these challenges through a Design Science Research (DSR) approach, developing a rule-based digital twin methodology that maintains parametric intelligence across the building life cycle. Implemented via a five-layer integrated framework, i.e., geometric, parametric, BIM, coordination, and fabrication, the methodology was validated through a revelatory case study of the Shenzhen Bay Culture Plaza. Results demonstrate 91.2% clash resolution prior to construction, 20.3 million RMB in cost savings (10.8% reduction), and 35.4% schedule compression, while preserving rule-based relationships into operational facility management. The study advances BIM theory by operationalizing life-cycle digital twins for non-standard geometries, offering a replicable framework for future special-shaped construction projects.

Increasing attention is being directed toward understanding the impact of urban built environments on children’s health. The concept of the 15-minute city, or “15-minute life circle”, in China is significant; however, the needs of the pediatric population are often overlooked. Walkability and accessibility to urban service facilities are crucial for promoting children’s well-being. This paper focuses on the old city of Guilin in western China as a case study. It investigates the service facilities within a 15-minute life circle that affect children’s physical health, mental health, and social engagement. Utilizing the Walking Index method, this study assesses the walkability and rationality of these facilities in 621 neighborhoods. Data were gathered from 200 questionnaires and interviews with children, concentrating on their daily use of these facilities, supplemented by a multi-source analysis. The findings reveal that the Walking Index in the study area is generally low, with an uneven distribution, primarily influenced by road network density, block size, and urban landscape patterns. This study proposes the development of a “Children’s Healthy 15-minute Life Circle”, which would increase child-friendly service facilities, pedestrian infrastructure, and urban road network density. It also advocates for constructing service facilities that enhance children’s health and the optimization of the spatial arrangement of these facilities. Furthermore, it suggests the effective utilization of urban landscapes to create a diverse system of leisure spaces for children. This study offers valuable insights for enhancing the walkability of urban life circle service facilities and establishing a child-friendly city.

Currently, China has entered the development stage of a “low birth rate” demographically. There is a huge contradiction between the unbalanced and inadequate distribution of preschool education facilities (PEFs) and the people’s expectations for “full and good education for children”. This study took the Lingui New District, a typical new urban area in West China as the research area, and through the introduction of POI big data and GIS analysis methods, supplemented by GeoDA Bivariate Moran index analyses, established a kindergarten spatial database. The study found that preschool education facilities have problems such as insufficient quantity, uneven quality, low service coverage, poor accessibility, etc. Therefore, it is suggested to increase the proportion of public affordable preschool education facilities including kindergartens and nurseries, optimize the spatial distribution of preschool education, and improve the accessibility of preschool services to promote affordable, safe, and high-quality development of preschool education and to provide reference suggestions for the revision of relevant standards and the adjustment of the layout of preschool education in undeveloped regions of China.

With the development of educational ideas, practical puzzles emerged as a new cultural vehicle and mode of education in recent times. Game teaching itself is full of interest, interaction and collaboration, which greatly benefits the development of self-directed learning of student interests. At the same time, with the deepening of curriculum reform in colleges and universities, according to the “Science, Technology, Engineering, Art, Mathematics” (STEAM) concept, practical puzzle games including board games combined with professional basic courses will give them educational and social values which also leads to a concept of “teach through lively activities”. From the perspective of teachers and students, the paper further improves the application of tabletop gaming education for the teaching of professional courses in colleges and universities. This improvement will be basically achieved by providing feedback on learning from three aspects: pre-class preview, in-class teaching, and after-class review.

With the advancement of globalization and the deepening interlock between cities globally, the research on urban culture and creative development should be expanded from a single city scale to regional and urban agglomeration scale. Creative clusters will become an important spatial scale to break the bottleneck of urban development in the future. In Europe, cities such as London, Paris, and Milan have developed creative industries and built creative clusters relatively early, and hence they gradually become global creative centers. However, there are few studies on the development of their creative industries from a regional perspective. This research uses multi-source data within the scope selected and based on comprehensive standards, to analyze regional development characteristics of creative industries in Milan, creative clusters formed with Milan as its core, and influencing factors of its development. Through the study of a global creative center from a regional perspective, references for emerging creative cities and those that require industrial transformation can be achieved.