M. Ajithkumar

Electrokinetically powered peristaltic transport has been gaining substantial attention due to its potential applications in the areas of biomedical engineering, smart microfluidic devices, controlled drug delivery, and compact cooling techniques. Motivated by these discoveries, the present study aims to create a theoretical model to analyze the coupled impacts of electrochemical activity and double‐diffusive mixed convection on the peristaltic flow of Jeffrey nanofluid in an inclined non‐uniform asymmetric porous microchannel. The combined effects of thermal radiation, volumetric heat production, Brownian diffusion, thermophoretic transport, and an externally generated angled magnetic field are also included in the analysis. The governing equations are reduced to simplified coupled nonlinear forms by using appropriate nondimensional transformations and lubrication approximations. The equation of electric potential has been solved analytically. Using homotopy perturbation method, approximate analytical solutions have been obtained for the distributions of velocity, temperature, and concentration. The physical behavior of the system has been studied visually in respect of the pressure increase, pressure gradient, streamline structure, thermal field, concentration profile, and transport coefficients such as Nusselt and Sherwood numbers. It is shown that heat and concentration buoyancy effects decrease the fluid velocity near the lower wall, but the electroosmotic force increases the flow toward the top wall significantly. Moreover, the porosity parameter increases the skin friction coefficient at the right wall by 42.89% due to its increase from 0.2 to 0.4. However, the Jeffrey fluid parameter decreases the wall shear stress at the left boundary by 1.31% due to its increase from 0.3 to 0.5. The study further reveals that thermophoretic diffusion and thermal radiation are of significant importance in the temperature features of the Jeffrey nanofluid. Overall, the current results offer significant physical insight for the development of efficient electroactive microscale pumping systems and advanced transport technologies incorporating reactive fluid movement.

Electroosmotic peristaltic transport has gained increasing prominence in microfluidic science owing to its role in diverse technologies such as lab‐on‐a‐chip diagnostics, micro‐scale cooling of electronic components, and targeted nutrient delivery in bioreactors. In this work, a comprehensive theoretical model is developed to explore the coupled influence of electrochemical reactions and double‐diffusion in the mixed‐mode motion of a Casson fluid within a porous, geometrically non‐uniform, and asymmetric microchannel. The formulation incorporates radiative heat transfer, internal heat generation, an oblique magnetic field, thermophoretic motion, and Brownian diffusion. Suitable non‐dimensional parameters are introduced to simplify the governing equations, enabling the derivation of an exact analytical solution for the electric potential, while the homotopy perturbation method is applied to determine velocity, temperature, and concentration profiles. Results show that increasing thermal and solutal Grashof numbers reduces the flow near one wall while enhancing it on the opposite side under electroosmotic conditions, with radiation and thermophoresis exerting significant influence on temperature distribution. Additionally, an increase in the electroosmotic velocity parameter from 1 to 2 leads to a 5.79% rise in the skin‐friction coefficient at the left channel wall. This investigation offers a novel integration of electroactive peristaltic propulsion and magnetohydrodynamic effects in a chemically reactive and radiative framework, delivering insights that can inform the development of high‐performance, energy‐efficient microfluidic systems for applications in medical diagnostics, chemical processing at micro‐scales, and thermal management in miniaturized electronic devices.

Recent studies indicate that nanofluids are crucial for solar heat exchange operations and solar energy collectors. Furthermore, the importance of energy and mass transfer in entropy creation is significantly increased in a number of industrial and engineering processes, such as mechanical power collectors, air conditioning, food processing, refrigeration, and heat exchangers. As a result of this advancement, this research is aimed to explore the comparative study on bioconvective Darcy–Forchheimer flow of an incompressible hydromagnetic Ree–Eyring nanofluid over a chemically activated expanding sheet in suction and injection cases while including the consequences of radiation, energy generation, and convective boundary conditions. Boundary layer approximation is utilized to represent this investigation’s primary partial differential equations (PDE). Then, using the appropriate transformation, the models are rebuilt into nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODE). Utilizing the BVP5C inbuilt MATLAB package, the numerical solutions for this examination are established. Further, the graphical and tabular representations allow us to analyze the impacts of several relevant features on the microorganism’s density, concentration, entropy creation, velocity, temperature, friction factor, Sherwood, and Nusselt number distribution. The outcomes reveal that the velocity field of the liquid movement is declined by applying positive amounts of the Darcy–Forchheimer and magnetic parameters, respectively. Boosting values of the radiation, thermal ratio parameter, and temperature Biot number assist an increase in the thermal field. It reveals the augmented entropy generation with the rising values of bioconvection Lewis number and Brinkman number. Furthermore, the mass transfer rate increases with larger values of the Brownian parameter and chemical reaction parameter.

This investigation presents a unique mathematical model that integrates a comparative study on the Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) bioconvective peristaltic transport of Casson nanofluid in a porous uniform/non‐uniform elastic channel with wall properties. The effects of thermal radiation, heat source, chemical reaction, partial slip conditions, Soret, and Dufour are analyzed in the flow scenario. The present model inspired numerous implementations in biological engineering, bio‐fertilizers, biofuels, enzymes, solar transceiver systems, heat transfer engineering, power storage units, and so forth. The homotopy perturbation technique (HPM) is employed to provide an analytical solution to the system of simplified non‐dimensional governing equations with the help of a lubrication approach. The influence of different parameters on the axial velocity, temperature, concentration, density of the motile microorganism, heat transfer coefficient, and streamlines are examined through various graphs and tables. According to the observations, an increase in the chemical reaction parameter decreases the density of motile microorganisms. In addition, a comparison is made between a uniform and non‐uniform channel through tabular data and graphical representations. It is detected that the fluid velocity and temperature are increased in the non‐uniform channel when compared to the uniform channel.

The main target of this article is to analyze the role of activation energy and thermal radiation effects on the bioconvective peristaltic transport of Sutterby nanofluid in a two-dimensional flexible porous channel with heat and mass transfer. Also, the consequences of Hall current, heat source, and complaint wall properties along with an inclined magnetic field are taken into consideration. The proposed system of governing equations is simplified by using lubrication approximation and solved numerically using MATLAB's bvp5c solver. Further, numerical observations are analyzed to figure out the consequence of different physical parameters on the flow characteristics. According to the observations, it is identified that the Sutterby nanofluid velocity declines with the climb in the damping force parameter, while it enhances with the upsurge in the Darcy number. The Sutterby fluid temperature profile strengthens when the influence of the heat generation and Brinkman number increase, while it depicts the reverse effect with the elevation in the fluid parameter and radiation parameter. The temperature ratio and activation energy parameters were found to have a significant impact on the fluid concentration. The volume of the trapped fluid bolus is an enhancing function of the channel's non-uniformity parameter. Moreover, current work reveals its applicability to recognize the hemodynamic flow analysis and other biofluid movements in the human body and industrial sectors.

In recent days, entropy generation has attracted the attention of several researchers due to its applications in manufacturing electronic devices, heat exchangers, conservation of energy, and generation of power. Further, activation energy is an essential requirement in automobile and chemical industries, nuclear reactors, and so on. This paper investigation aims to examine the entropy generation and the mass and energy transfer in the magneto-hydro dynamic movement of convective Carreau-Yasuda nano liquid past a porous stretching sheet with the consequences of activation energy, energy source, and binary chemical reaction. Also, the analysis of the impact of viscous and Joule dissipation in the presence of suction/injection into the Buongiorno model is an essential objective of this study. By introducing a similarity variable, the partial differential equations are altered into a system of ordinary differential equations. Numerical solutions to the modified equations are determined by utilizing a BVP5C MATLAB package. The findings are presented visually for several relevant flow characteristics and explained carefully. The thermophoresis parameter and activation energy parameter optimize the concentration of nanoparticles. These outcomes further indicate that as the larger Brinkmann and permeability parameters the entropy generation is broadened. It is discovered that an augmentation in thermal and solutal Grashof numbers is associated with greater velocity distribution.

A theoretical investigation is conducted for bioconvective peristaltic transport of a non-Newtonian nanofluid through a porous symmetric channel with compliant walls. The Sutterby nanofluid model is utilized to characterize the fluid under an applied magnetic field. The use of radiative heat flux along with the heat source and the thermodynamics energizes the flow phenomena. In addition, the novelty of the present study is to analyze the behavior of bioconvective Sutterby nanofluid in a chemically reactive porous channel with heat and mass transfer aspects. To reduce the complexity of the system, we used a long wavelength and low Reynolds number approximation. Furthermore, to tackle the dimensionless equations related to the flow phenomena, numerical computations are performed by utilizing MATLAB's built-in bvp5c function. The consequences of the pertinent parameters on the flow characteristics are presented through tables and graphs. An increase in both the Darcy number and the buoyancy ratio parameters raises the velocity distribution of a Sutterby nanofluid. The magnitude of the thermal field is enhanced in a symmetric channel with a rising Eckert number and the energy generation parameter. The thermophoresis diffusion parameter strengthens the temperature profile but decreases the concentration of the Sutterby nanofluid. We believe that the outcomes of this study have a wide range of implications to targeted drug delivery, the pharmaceutical industry, thermal devices, biosensors, sustainable fuel cell technologies, and solar systems.

Pharmaceutical fluid processing is a procedure of medication manufacturing, utilizing a particular kind of heat transfer in a biofluid designed to maintain the desired temperature for extended periods. Choosing a suitable fluid can have a positive effect on the operating efficacy of the system and lengthen the fluid’s and system’s life spans. As an outcome of this development, we investigate the influence of the partial slip and gyrotactic microorganisms on the peristaltic transport of a magnetohydrodynamic Ree–Eyring nanofluid via an aligned porous conduit with thermal radiation, energy generation, along with cross and double diffusion effects. By invoking suitable nondimensional parameters, the proposed dimensional governing equations are transformed into a system of dimensionless partial differential equations. The analytical solutions for the system of partial differential equations are obtained by incorporating the homotopy perturbation method. Further, tabular and graphical presentations are used to examine the characteristics of the various sundry parameters on the temperature, concentration, motile microorganism density, axial velocity, trapping, and other relevant flow quantities. The observations of this study indicate that the Darcy number and thermal Grashof number have the capability to enhance the velocity distribution of the Ree–Eyring nanofluid in the presence of bioconvection. The trapped bolus size and the skin friction coefficient increase noticeably because of an enhancement in the Ree–Eyring fluid parameter. Also, the Darcy number and the Hall current parameter increase the skin friction coefficient. Furthermore, validation of the results is carried out to examine the consistency between the current and the previous findings for some special cases and excellent agreements are found.