Alysson Oliveira de Carvalho

The objective of this work was to evaluate the efficacy and selectivity of different rates and sequential applications of pelargonic acid, using shielded directed spraying for weed management in soybean and corn. Field experiments for each crop were carried out in a randomized complete block design with four replicates. Treatments consisted the use of active ingredient rates and sequential applications, as follows: single application of 6.5 kg ha-1; single application of 13 kg ha-1; single application of 19.5 kg ha-1; two applications of 6.5 kg ha-1; two applications of 13 kg ha-1; three applications of 6.5 kg ha-1; three applications of 13 kg ha-1; hand-hoed control and unhoed control. The results indicate that effective weed management of soybean require at least three applications of 6.5 kg ha-1, or two applications of 13 kg ha-1. On corn, one application of 13 kg ha-1 was sufficient to provide adequate weed control. The use of shielded directed spraying contribute to maintain crop selectivity, while ensuring satisfactory weed control.

Fruit growing in Brazil enhances regional development, as it generates income and absorbs local labor. The Brazilian Northeast presents ideal edaphoclimatic conditions for the development of several fruit trees, mainly in irrigated areas. The objective was to analyze the educational level and the relationship between the wages of men and women employed in the fruit sector, in the Northeast region of Brazil. The selected crops were those of coconut, mango and grape, between the years 2001 to 2018; literacy rate and level of education in Brazil and the northeast region, the relationship between male and female genders, percentage of women in formal jobs in the years 2004 to 2015 and average monthly income in Brazil and the Northeast region and male and female genders in the years 2012 to 2015. There was a reduction in the area cultivated with coconut, however there was no increase in the area for mango and grape crops. Regarding the harvested area, the coconut crop showed a larger cultivated area, however, this area has been gradually reduced. In mango and grape crops, no variations were detected in the harvested areas. As for the average production, the grape crop has higher productivity. In the percentage of formal jobs, literacy and level of education of women, both nationally and regionally, there was a linear growth and higher than those of men. It is concluded that between men and women in the Northeast region, the salary difference was R$ 354.00, even with women with a higher educational level.