Yue Tan
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Yue Tan has a total of 39 co-authors. Here are the top co-authors by number of shared publications:
- Jialun Ping
Nanjing Normal University
21 shared publications - Hongxia Huang
Nanjing Normal University
17 shared publications - Xiaoyun Chen
College of Science Jinling Institute of Technology 211169 Nanjing P. R. China
13 shared publications - Xuejie Liu
School of Physics Henan Normal University 453007 Xinxiang P. R. China
12 shared publications - Dian-Yong Chen
Southeast University
7 shared publications - Yuheng Wu
Yancheng Institute of Technology
7 shared publications
Latest Publications
- Open Access
Searching for Stable States in the TDD1 Systems Based on a Chiral Quark Model
Experimentally, the state was first discovered, and subsequently, its partner state , with the same quark content and quantum number was also observed. Inspired by this pattern, we systematically investigate the newly discovered state and its possible partner, the system with the same quark content . Within the framework of the chiral quark model, we perform a comprehensive study of the bound and resonance states of using the Gaussian expansion method (GEM). Two quark configurations, the molecular structure and the diquark structure, are considered in our calculations. Our results indicate the existence of a shallow bound state dominated by the channel, which is analogous to the experimentally observed , as well as two compact resonant states with narrow widths around 4.5 GeV. To avoid the influence of model parameters on the results, we additionally fitted a new set of parameters and obtained consistent conclusions. According to our calculation results, although the color-octet and diquark configurations have relatively high energies, the channel-coupling effects induced by them play a crucial role in the formation of these stable states. We strongly encourage experimental efforts to search for the stable states predicted in the system.Open AccessSearching for Stable States in the TDD1 Systems Based on a Chiral Quark Model
Experimentally, the state was first discovered, and subsequently, its partner state , with the same quark content and quantum number was also observed. Inspired by this pattern, we systematically investigate the newly discovered state and its possible partner, the system with the same quark content . Within the framework of the chiral quark model, we perform a comprehensive study of the bound and resonance states of using the Gaussian expansion method (GEM). Two quark configurations, the molecular structure and the diquark structure, are considered in our calculations. Our results indicate the existence of a shallow bound state dominated by the channel, which is analogous to the experimentally observed , as well as two compact resonant states with narrow widths around 4.5 GeV. To avoid the influence of model parameters on the results, we additionally fitted a new set of parameters and obtained consistent conclusions. According to our calculation results, although the color-octet and diquark configurations have relatively high energies, the channel-coupling effects induced by them play a crucial role in the formation of these stable states. We strongly encourage experimental efforts to search for the stable states predicted in the system. - 31 January 2026
- Published by World Scientific Pub Co Pte Ltd in Modern Physics Letters A
- Vol. 41 (10)
ϒ(5S) in the unquenched quark model
The observation of the [ ] state by Belle II Collaboration has sparked significant interest in the theoretical understanding of such states within the context of hadron physics. Considering the similar mass and the decay with, as well as the same quantum numbers [ ] with the [ ] state, which is referred to be the [ ] in PDG, in this work, we try to calculate the mass of the [ ] state. The model used to predict the high-energy spectrum of these states generally involves a constituent quark model, which can describe a variety of properties of hadrons containing heavy quarks. In the framework of the unquenched quark model, a coupled-channel calculation is employed to explore the effect of open-bottom meson–meson thresholds on the [ ] state. The hypothesis is that coupled-channel effects could be large enough to create new dynamically generated states, thus potentially explaining the nature of the [ ] state, as well as whether [ ] and [ ] is the same state. The results indicate that unquenched effects play a crucial role in explaining [ ] state, providing a plausible mechanism for its formation. Besides in our calculations, [ ] and [ ] may be two different states.
- 31 January 2026
- Published by World Scientific Pub Co Pte Ltd in Modern Physics Letters A
- Vol. 41 (10)
ϒ(5S) in the unquenched quark model
The observation of the [ ] state by Belle II Collaboration has sparked significant interest in the theoretical understanding of such states within the context of hadron physics. Considering the similar mass and the decay with, as well as the same quantum numbers [ ] with the [ ] state, which is referred to be the [ ] in PDG, in this work, we try to calculate the mass of the [ ] state. The model used to predict the high-energy spectrum of these states generally involves a constituent quark model, which can describe a variety of properties of hadrons containing heavy quarks. In the framework of the unquenched quark model, a coupled-channel calculation is employed to explore the effect of open-bottom meson–meson thresholds on the [ ] state. The hypothesis is that coupled-channel effects could be large enough to create new dynamically generated states, thus potentially explaining the nature of the [ ] state, as well as whether [ ] and [ ] is the same state. The results indicate that unquenched effects play a crucial role in explaining [ ] state, providing a plausible mechanism for its formation. Besides in our calculations, [ ] and [ ] may be two different states.
- Open Access
- 30 January 2026
- Published by American Physical Society (APS) in Physical Review C
- Vol. 113 (1)
Investigation of the doubly charmed analog of the P c states
Motivated by the LHCb Collaboration's observation of the doubly charmed tetraquark state T c c ( 3875 ) , we systematically explore the potential existence of doubly charmed pentaquark states using the resonating group method within the quark delocalization color screening model framework. The effective potential of the two involved hadrons and the bound-state dynamics are included in the present work. Moreover, we have also calculated the scattering phase shifts of open channels with channel coupling, aiming to identify possible resonance states. Our estimations suggest that the existence of a bound state with quantum numbers I ( J P ) = 3 2 ( 5 2 − ) and a mass of approximately 4461.7 MeV. Furthermore, five resonance states are predicted through coupled-channels analysis, which are Ξ c c ρ and Σ c D * with I ( J P ) = 1 2 ( 1 2 − ) , Λ c D * and Σ c * D * with I ( J P ) = 1 2 ( 3 2 − ) , and Σ c D * with I ( J P ) = 3 2 ( 1 2 − ) , respectively. The existence of these predicted doubly charmed pentaquark states needs to be supported by experimental measurements and discoveries. We hope future experiments will provide evidence for these states.
- 30 January 2026
- Published by American Physical Society (APS) in Physical Review C
- Vol. 113 (1)
Open AccessInvestigation of the doubly charmed analog of the P c states
Motivated by the LHCb Collaboration's observation of the doubly charmed tetraquark state T c c ( 3875 ) , we systematically explore the potential existence of doubly charmed pentaquark states using the resonating group method within the quark delocalization color screening model framework. The effective potential of the two involved hadrons and the bound-state dynamics are included in the present work. Moreover, we have also calculated the scattering phase shifts of open channels with channel coupling, aiming to identify possible resonance states. Our estimations suggest that the existence of a bound state with quantum numbers I ( J P ) = 3 2 ( 5 2 − ) and a mass of approximately 4461.7 MeV. Furthermore, five resonance states are predicted through coupled-channels analysis, which are Ξ c c ρ and Σ c D * with I ( J P ) = 1 2 ( 1 2 − ) , Λ c D * and Σ c * D * with I ( J P ) = 1 2 ( 3 2 − ) , and Σ c D * with I ( J P ) = 3 2 ( 1 2 − ) , respectively. The existence of these predicted doubly charmed pentaquark states needs to be supported by experimental measurements and discoveries. We hope future experiments will provide evidence for these states.
- Open AccessSearch for Possible Stable Structures in the SystemInspired by the well-known experimental connections between , , and , we systematically study the recently reported strange partner of , the system, and its orbital excitation state . A chiral quark model incorporating SU(3) symmetry is considered to study these two systems. To better investigate their spatial structure, we introduce a precise few-body calculation method, the Gaussian Expansion Method (GEM). In our calculations, we include all possible physical channels, including molecular states and diquark structures, and consider channel coupling effects. To identify the stable structures in the system (bound states and resonance states) we employ a powerful resonance search method, the Real-Scaling Method (RSM). According to our results, in the system, we obtain two bound states with energies of 3890 MeV and 3940 MeV, as well as two resonance states with energies of 3975 MeV and 4090 MeV. The decay channels of these two resonance states are and , respectively. In the system, we obtain only one resonance state, with an energy of 4570 MeV, and two main decay channels: and . We strongly suggest that experimental groups use our predictions to search for these stable structures.Open AccessSearch for Possible Stable Structures in the SystemInspired by the well-known experimental connections between , , and , we systematically study the recently reported strange partner of , the system, and its orbital excitation state . A chiral quark model incorporating SU(3) symmetry is considered to study these two systems. To better investigate their spatial structure, we introduce a precise few-body calculation method, the Gaussian Expansion Method (GEM). In our calculations, we include all possible physical channels, including molecular states and diquark structures, and consider channel coupling effects. To identify the stable structures in the system (bound states and resonance states) we employ a powerful resonance search method, the Real-Scaling Method (RSM). According to our results, in the system, we obtain two bound states with energies of 3890 MeV and 3940 MeV, as well as two resonance states with energies of 3975 MeV and 4090 MeV. The decay channels of these two resonance states are and , respectively. In the system, we obtain only one resonance state, with an energy of 4570 MeV, and two main decay channels: and . We strongly suggest that experimental groups use our predictions to search for these stable structures.
- Open Access
- 3 December 2025
- Published by MDPI AG in Preprints.org
Search for Possible Stable Structures in the Tccqs System
Inspired by the well-known experimental connections between X(3872), $Z_{cs}(4220)$, and Y(4620), we systematically study the recently reported strange partner of $T_{cc}$, the $1^{+}$ $cc\bar{q}\bar{s}$ system, and its orbital excitation state $1^{-}$ $cc\bar{q}\bar{s}$. A chiral quark model incorporating SU(3) symmetry is considered to study these two systems. To better investigate their spatial structure, we introduce a precise few-body calculation method, the Gaussian Expansion Method (GEM). In our calculations, we include all possible physical channels, including molecular states and diquark structures, and consider channel coupling effects. To identify the stable structures in the system (bound states and resonance states) we employ a powerful resonance search method, the Real-Scaling Method (RSM). According to our results, in the $1^{+}$ $cc\bar{q}\bar{s}$ system, we obtain two bound states with energies of 3890 MeV and 3940 MeV, as well as two resonance states with energies of 3975 MeV and 4090 MeV. The decay channels of these two resonance states are \( DD_s^* \) and \( D^*D_s \), respectively. In the $1^{-}$ $cc\bar{q}\bar{s}$ system, we obtain only one resonance state, with an energy of 4570 MeV, and two main decay channels: \( DD_{s1}^* \) and \( D^*D_{s1}^{\prime} \). We strongly suggest that experimental groups use our predictions to search for these stable structures.- 3 December 2025
- Published by MDPI AG in Preprints.org
Open AccessSearch for Possible Stable Structures in the Tccqs System
Inspired by the well-known experimental connections between X(3872), $Z_{cs}(4220)$, and Y(4620), we systematically study the recently reported strange partner of $T_{cc}$, the $1^{+}$ $cc\bar{q}\bar{s}$ system, and its orbital excitation state $1^{-}$ $cc\bar{q}\bar{s}$. A chiral quark model incorporating SU(3) symmetry is considered to study these two systems. To better investigate their spatial structure, we introduce a precise few-body calculation method, the Gaussian Expansion Method (GEM). In our calculations, we include all possible physical channels, including molecular states and diquark structures, and consider channel coupling effects. To identify the stable structures in the system (bound states and resonance states) we employ a powerful resonance search method, the Real-Scaling Method (RSM). According to our results, in the $1^{+}$ $cc\bar{q}\bar{s}$ system, we obtain two bound states with energies of 3890 MeV and 3940 MeV, as well as two resonance states with energies of 3975 MeV and 4090 MeV. The decay channels of these two resonance states are \( DD_s^* \) and \( D^*D_s \), respectively. In the $1^{-}$ $cc\bar{q}\bar{s}$ system, we obtain only one resonance state, with an energy of 4570 MeV, and two main decay channels: \( DD_{s1}^* \) and \( D^*D_{s1}^{\prime} \). We strongly suggest that experimental groups use our predictions to search for these stable structures. - Open Access
- 4 November 2025
- Published by American Physical Society (APS) in Physical Review D
- Vol. 112 (9)
Absence of η 1 ( 1855 ) and its exotic partner candidate in a chiral quark model
Inspired by the experimental discoveries of X ( 3872 ) ( c q ¯ q c ¯ ) and T c c ( c q ¯ c q ¯ ), we systematically study their orbitally excited strange partners, i.e., the K K ¯ 1 ( q s ¯ s q ¯ ) system, which may be related to the recently observed η 1 ( 1855 ) , and the K K 1 ( q s ¯ q s ¯ ) system. Within the framework of an accurate few-body calculation method, we employ the chiral quark model to investigate both the molecular and diquark structures of these two multiquark systems in addition to channel coupling effects. Our results show that the K K ¯ 1 system remains a scattering state, although we have considered two different sets of parameters in our calculations to avoid the influence of parameters. On the other hand, due to the presence of a good-diquark structure in the K K 1 system, we obtain a very shallow bound state in the coupled-channel calculation, where the one-gluon, the η -meson, f 0 -meson, and σ -meson exchanges play crucial roles. The interquark distance and component analysis also suggest that it is a loosely bound molecular state.
- 4 November 2025
- Published by American Physical Society (APS) in Physical Review D
- Vol. 112 (9)
Open AccessAbsence of η 1 ( 1855 ) and its exotic partner candidate in a chiral quark model
Inspired by the experimental discoveries of X ( 3872 ) ( c q ¯ q c ¯ ) and T c c ( c q ¯ c q ¯ ), we systematically study their orbitally excited strange partners, i.e., the K K ¯ 1 ( q s ¯ s q ¯ ) system, which may be related to the recently observed η 1 ( 1855 ) , and the K K 1 ( q s ¯ q s ¯ ) system. Within the framework of an accurate few-body calculation method, we employ the chiral quark model to investigate both the molecular and diquark structures of these two multiquark systems in addition to channel coupling effects. Our results show that the K K ¯ 1 system remains a scattering state, although we have considered two different sets of parameters in our calculations to avoid the influence of parameters. On the other hand, due to the presence of a good-diquark structure in the K K 1 system, we obtain a very shallow bound state in the coupled-channel calculation, where the one-gluon, the η -meson, f 0 -meson, and σ -meson exchanges play crucial roles. The interquark distance and component analysis also suggest that it is a loosely bound molecular state.
- Open AccessInvestigation of Resonances in the $Σ({1/2}^{-})$ System Based on the Chiral Quark ModelIn this work, we investigate the resonance structures in the $Σ(1/2^-)$ system from both three-quark and five-quark perspectives within the framework of the chiral quark model. An accurate few-body computational approach, the Gaussian Expansion Method, is employed to construct the orbital wave functions of multiquark states. To reduce the model dependence on parameters, we fit two sets of parameters to check the stability of the results. The calculations show that our results remain stable despite changes in the parameters. In the three-quark calculations, two $Σ(1/2^-)$ states are obtained with energies around 1.8~GeV, which are good candidates for the experimentally observed $Σ(1750)$ and $Σ(1900)$. In the five-quark configuration, several stable resonance states are identified, including $Σπ$, $N \bar{K}$, and $N \bar{K}^{*}$. These resonance states survive the channel-coupling calculations under the complex-scaling framework and manifest as stable structures. Our results support the existence of a two-pole structure for the $Σ(1/2^-)$ system, predominantly composed of $Σπ$ and $N \bar{K}$ configurations, analogous to the well-known $Λ(1380)$-$Λ(1405)$ ($Σπ$-$N \bar{K}$) system. On the other hand, although the energy of the $N \bar{K}^{*}$ configuration is close to that of $Σ(1750)$ and $Σ(1900)$, the obtained width is not consistent with the experimental values. This suggests that the $N \bar{K}^{*}$ state needs to mix with three-quark components to better explain the experimental $Σ(1750)$ and $Σ(1900)$ states. According to our decay width calculations, the predicted two resonance states are primarily composed of $Σπ$ and $N \bar{K}$, with their main decay channel being $Λπ$.Open AccessInvestigation of Resonances in the $Σ({1/2}^{-})$ System Based on the Chiral Quark ModelIn this work, we investigate the resonance structures in the $Σ(1/2^-)$ system from both three-quark and five-quark perspectives within the framework of the chiral quark model. An accurate few-body computational approach, the Gaussian Expansion Method, is employed to construct the orbital wave functions of multiquark states. To reduce the model dependence on parameters, we fit two sets of parameters to check the stability of the results. The calculations show that our results remain stable despite changes in the parameters. In the three-quark calculations, two $Σ(1/2^-)$ states are obtained with energies around 1.8~GeV, which are good candidates for the experimentally observed $Σ(1750)$ and $Σ(1900)$. In the five-quark configuration, several stable resonance states are identified, including $Σπ$, $N \bar{K}$, and $N \bar{K}^{*}$. These resonance states survive the channel-coupling calculations under the complex-scaling framework and manifest as stable structures. Our results support the existence of a two-pole structure for the $Σ(1/2^-)$ system, predominantly composed of $Σπ$ and $N \bar{K}$ configurations, analogous to the well-known $Λ(1380)$-$Λ(1405)$ ($Σπ$-$N \bar{K}$) system. On the other hand, although the energy of the $N \bar{K}^{*}$ configuration is close to that of $Σ(1750)$ and $Σ(1900)$, the obtained width is not consistent with the experimental values. This suggests that the $N \bar{K}^{*}$ state needs to mix with three-quark components to better explain the experimental $Σ(1750)$ and $Σ(1900)$ states. According to our decay width calculations, the predicted two resonance states are primarily composed of $Σπ$ and $N \bar{K}$, with their main decay channel being $Λπ$.
- Open Access$Ξ_c(3055)$ as a scaling point to establish the excited $Ξ_c^{(\prime)}$ familyMass spectra and decay properties of the low-lying orbital excited $Ξ_c^{(\prime)}$ baryons are investigated in the framework of the chiral quark model and quark pair creation mechanism, which are mainly based on the recently experimental fact that $Ξ_c(3055)$ is a $D$-wave state excited in $λ$-mode. As a result, we make an inference that, (i) $Ξ_{c}(2790)$ and $Ξ_{c}(2815)$ are likely to be $λ$-mode excited $Ξ_{c1}(\frac{1}{2}^{-},1P)$ and $Ξ_{c1}(\frac{3}{2}^{-},1P)$ states, respectively. (ii) $Ξ_{c}(2923)$ and $Ξ_{c}(2939)$ could correspond respectively to the $Ξ_{c1}^{\prime}({\frac{1}{2}^{-}},1P)$ and $Ξ_{c2}^{\prime}({\frac{5}{2}^{-}},1P)$ states, while $Ξ_{c}(2965)$ might be a $ρ$-mode excited $Ξ_{c0}(\frac{1}{2}^{1},1P)$ state, and $Ξ_{c}(2882)$ might be arranged as $Ξ_{c0}^{\prime}(\frac{1}{2}^{-},1P)$. (iii) $Ξ_{c}(2970)$ might be the $Ξ_{c}(\frac{1}{2}^{+},2S)$ state. (iv) $Ξ_{c}(3055)$ and $Ξ_{c}(3080)$ can form a $λ$-mode excited $D$-wave doublet $Ξ_{c2}(\frac{3}{2}^+,\frac{5}{2}^+)$.Open Access$Ξ_c(3055)$ as a scaling point to establish the excited $Ξ_c^{(\prime)}$ familyMass spectra and decay properties of the low-lying orbital excited $Ξ_c^{(\prime)}$ baryons are investigated in the framework of the chiral quark model and quark pair creation mechanism, which are mainly based on the recently experimental fact that $Ξ_c(3055)$ is a $D$-wave state excited in $λ$-mode. As a result, we make an inference that, (i) $Ξ_{c}(2790)$ and $Ξ_{c}(2815)$ are likely to be $λ$-mode excited $Ξ_{c1}(\frac{1}{2}^{-},1P)$ and $Ξ_{c1}(\frac{3}{2}^{-},1P)$ states, respectively. (ii) $Ξ_{c}(2923)$ and $Ξ_{c}(2939)$ could correspond respectively to the $Ξ_{c1}^{\prime}({\frac{1}{2}^{-}},1P)$ and $Ξ_{c2}^{\prime}({\frac{5}{2}^{-}},1P)$ states, while $Ξ_{c}(2965)$ might be a $ρ$-mode excited $Ξ_{c0}(\frac{1}{2}^{1},1P)$ state, and $Ξ_{c}(2882)$ might be arranged as $Ξ_{c0}^{\prime}(\frac{1}{2}^{-},1P)$. (iii) $Ξ_{c}(2970)$ might be the $Ξ_{c}(\frac{1}{2}^{+},2S)$ state. (iv) $Ξ_{c}(3055)$ and $Ξ_{c}(3080)$ can form a $λ$-mode excited $D$-wave doublet $Ξ_{c2}(\frac{3}{2}^+,\frac{5}{2}^+)$.
- Open Access
$Υ(5S)$ in the unquenched quark model
The observation of the $Υ(10753)$ state by Belle II Collaboration has sparked significant interest in the theoretical understanding of such states within the context of hadron physics. Considering the similar mass and the decay with, as well as the same quantum numbers $J^{PC}=1^{--}$ with the $Υ(10860)$ state, which is referred to be the $Υ(5S)$ in PDG, in this work, we try to calculate the mass of the $Υ(5S)$ state. The model used to predict the high-energy spectrum of these states generally involves a constituent quark model, which can describe a variety of properties of hadrons containing heavy quarks. In the framework of the unquenched quark model, a coupled-channel calculation is employed to explore the effect of open-bottom meson-meson thresholds on the $Υ(10860)$ state. The hypothesis is that coupled-channel effects could be large enough to create new dynamically generated states, thus potentially explaining the nature of the $Υ(10860)$ state, as well as whether the $Υ(10860)$ and $Υ(10753)$ is the same state. The results indicate that unquenched effects play a crucial role in explaining the $Υ(10860)$ state, providing a plausible mechanism for its formation. Besides in our calculations, the $Υ(10860)$ and $Υ(10753)$ may be two different states.Open Access$Υ(5S)$ in the unquenched quark model
The observation of the $Υ(10753)$ state by Belle II Collaboration has sparked significant interest in the theoretical understanding of such states within the context of hadron physics. Considering the similar mass and the decay with, as well as the same quantum numbers $J^{PC}=1^{--}$ with the $Υ(10860)$ state, which is referred to be the $Υ(5S)$ in PDG, in this work, we try to calculate the mass of the $Υ(5S)$ state. The model used to predict the high-energy spectrum of these states generally involves a constituent quark model, which can describe a variety of properties of hadrons containing heavy quarks. In the framework of the unquenched quark model, a coupled-channel calculation is employed to explore the effect of open-bottom meson-meson thresholds on the $Υ(10860)$ state. The hypothesis is that coupled-channel effects could be large enough to create new dynamically generated states, thus potentially explaining the nature of the $Υ(10860)$ state, as well as whether the $Υ(10860)$ and $Υ(10753)$ is the same state. The results indicate that unquenched effects play a crucial role in explaining the $Υ(10860)$ state, providing a plausible mechanism for its formation. Besides in our calculations, the $Υ(10860)$ and $Υ(10753)$ may be two different states. - Open Access
- 27 May 2025
- Published by American Physical Society (APS) in Physical Review D
- Vol. 111 (9)
Systematic study of in quark modelRecently, the BESIII Collaboration updated the data for the exotic state, D s 0 * ( 2317 ) , with a mass of 2318.3 ± 1.2 ± 1.2 MeV from the positronium annihilation process. Inspired by the experiment, we systematically investigated the c q ¯ meson family spectrum from the perspectives of two-quark, four-quark, and mixed two-four-quark structures, including D s , D s * , D s 0 * ( 2317 ) , and D s 1 ( 2460 ) , with the help of the Gaussian expansion method, which is a very accurate calculation method for few-body systems. We found that with appropriate spin-orbit coupling parameter a s , the chiral quark model can effectively describe both D s 0 * ( 2317 ) and D s 1 ( 2460 ) . The four-quark calculation shows that the D K state does not form a bound state, but the effective potential calculation shows an attractive interaction between them. Finally, we performed mixed two-four-quark calculations, and the results, with the help of the unquenched effect, show that the energies of D s 0 * ( 2317 ) and D s 1 ( 2460 ) are in better agreement with experimental values. Therefore, we conclude that these two particles are good candidates for mixed two-four-quark states. Published by the American Physical Society 2025
- 27 May 2025
- Published by American Physical Society (APS) in Physical Review D
- Vol. 111 (9)
Open AccessSystematic study of in quark modelRecently, the BESIII Collaboration updated the data for the exotic state, D s 0 * ( 2317 ) , with a mass of 2318.3 ± 1.2 ± 1.2 MeV from the positronium annihilation process. Inspired by the experiment, we systematically investigated the c q ¯ meson family spectrum from the perspectives of two-quark, four-quark, and mixed two-four-quark structures, including D s , D s * , D s 0 * ( 2317 ) , and D s 1 ( 2460 ) , with the help of the Gaussian expansion method, which is a very accurate calculation method for few-body systems. We found that with appropriate spin-orbit coupling parameter a s , the chiral quark model can effectively describe both D s 0 * ( 2317 ) and D s 1 ( 2460 ) . The four-quark calculation shows that the D K state does not form a bound state, but the effective potential calculation shows an attractive interaction between them. Finally, we performed mixed two-four-quark calculations, and the results, with the help of the unquenched effect, show that the energies of D s 0 * ( 2317 ) and D s 1 ( 2460 ) are in better agreement with experimental values. Therefore, we conclude that these two particles are good candidates for mixed two-four-quark states. Published by the American Physical Society 2025