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Alexia Brauner de Mello has a total of 45 co-authors. Here are the top co-authors by number of shared publications:


Latest Publications

  • Open Access

    1,3-Thiazolidin-4-one Derivatives Against Trichomonas gallinae: In Vitro Evaluation and Molecular Docking Analysis

    by Alexia Brauner de Mello, Melinda Gomes Victor, Tais Pereira Ferreira, Wilson Cunico, Alexandra Ibáñez-Escribano, Camila Belmonte Oliveira

    Infections caused by the protozoan Trichomonas gallinae affect birds worldwide and represent a significant health concern in poultry production and wild bird populations. Current treatment relies primarily on the use of 5-nitroimidazoles, such as metronidazole. However, the emergence of resistant isolates and the lack of safe therapeutic alternatives have driven the search for new trichomonacidal agents. In this study, the antiparasitic activity of synthetic 1,3-thiazolidin-4-one derivatives (10a-e, 4a-g and 7h) against T. gallinae has been investigated. The compounds were obtained via a multicomponent reaction and evaluated in vitro and in silico in parasite trophozoites. Among the derivatives tested, compounds 10a, 10b, 10d, 4f, and 7h demonstrated high trichomonacidal activity in the screening assay (>90%), along with low IC₅₀ values, and no evidence of cytotoxicity in VERO CCL-81 cells. Based on these results, growth curve assays were subsequently performed, in which compounds 4f and 10b stood out, completely eliminating trophozoites within 24 h at concentrations of 125 and 250 μg/mL, respectively. Molecular docking analyses revealed that the most active compounds exhibit high binding affinity toward key enzymes involved in T. gallinae energy metabolism, including glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), Fe-hydrogenase (FeH), and TATA-box binding protein (TBP). These interactions suggest a potential mechanism of action related to the disruption of essential metabolic and transcriptional pathways in the parasite. Our findings demonstrate that heterocyclic compounds derived from 1,3-thiazolidin-4-ones exhibit antiparasitic activity and represent promising prototypes for the development of new therapeutic agents against T. gallinae.

  • Open Access

    Novel Hit Compounds Against a Neglected Sexually Transmitted Infection: Synthesis and Trichomonacidal Activity of 1,3-Thiazolidin-4-One Derivatives

    by Alexia Brauner de Mello, Melinda G. Victor, Wilson Cunico, Jorge Fernández-Villalba, Frederico Schmitt Kremer, Lucas Mocellin Goulart, Juan José García-Rodríguez, Camila Belmonte Oliveira, Alexandra Ibáñez-Escribano

    Background: Infections caused by the protozoan Trichomonas vaginalis affect millions of people worldwide and are responsible for one of the most common sexually transmitted diseases. Despite the efficacy of 5-nitroimidazoles like metronidazole, concerns regarding widespread resistance and the absence of viable alternatives for specific patient populations necessitate the development of structurally diverse pharmacological agents. In this study, we investigated the antiparasitic activity of 1,3-thiazolidin-4-one derivatives against T. vaginalis. Methods: Thiazolidines were synthesized via multicomponent reaction (MCR) using one-pot methodology and tested in vitro against the parasite and mammalian cell lines. Results: Seventy percent of the compounds showed more than 80% antiparasitic activity at 100 μM, with compounds 4a, 4b, and 4f exhibiting IC50 ≤ 20 µM. None of the molecules exhibited cytotoxic against Vero CCL-81 and HeLa cells. Evaluation of the structure–activity relationship (SAR) indicates that the substituent at the nitrogen position of the heterocycle may be involved in the antiparasitic effect of these compounds. In silico studies also revealed that the three compounds possess adequate oral bioavailability and do not present mutagenic, tumorigenic or irritating risks. Finally, molecular docking predicted strong interactions of compounds 4a, 4b, and 4f with T. vaginalis enzymes lactate dehydrogenase and purine nucleoside phosphorylase; compound 4f also interacted with methionine Ƴ-lyase. Conclusions: These preliminary results suggest that 1,3-thiazolidin-4-ones are promising scaffolds for developing new trichomonacidal agents.


  • First case report of mange in the bat Tadarida brasiliensis (Chiroptera: Molossidae) caused by Notoedres sp. (Sarcoptiformes: Sarcoptidae)

    by Eduarda Saldanha Rieffel, Thais Fernanda de Jesus, Fabiane de Holleben Camozzato Fadrique, Amanda Andersson Pereira Stark, Camila Belmonte Oliveira, Yan Wahast Islabão, Alexia Brauner de Mello, Mauro Pereira Soares, Raqueli Teresinha França

    Tadarida brasiliensis is an insectivorous bat of the family Molossidae, occurring in Brazil, primarily in the southern and southeastern regions, forming colonies in rural and urban environments. In this study, we report for the first time the parasitism of the mite Notoedres sp. in T. brasiliensis in the country. Clinical examination revealed disseminated crusty papular lesions, concentrated on the face, forelimbs, hindlimbs, perianal region, and uropatagium. Histological examination showed hyperplasia of the stratum corneum with parasitic structures compatible with mites. This study highlights the importance of ectoparasite infestations in bats for the health and conservation of this species in the Pampa biome.

  • Open Access

    First Insights into the Biological Activity and Molecular Docking of Citral (3,7-Dimethyl-2, 6-Octadienal) Against Trichomonas vaginalis

    by Alexia Brauner de Mello, Juliana Montelli Fenalti, Bruna Baccega, Yan Wahast Islabão, Filipe Obelar Martins, Paloma Taborda Birmann, Angela Maria Casaril, Tallyson Nogueira Barbosa, Angela Sena-Lopes, Francieli Liz Monteiro, et al.

    The increasing resistance of Trichomonas vaginalis to the only approved chemical family of drugs for treatment, the 5-nitroimidazoles, has prompted the exploration of new therapeutic agents against this prevalent non-viral sexually transmitted infection. Natural products have emerged as a significant source of novel treatments for trichomoniasis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-T. vaginalis activity of citral (3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienal), the main constituent of the essential oil of Cymbopogon species, commonly known as lemongrass. Our findings indicate that citral exhibits a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 100 μM, effectively inhibiting the growth of T. vaginalis trophozoites within 12 h of exposure, and a 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of approximately 40 μM after 24 h. Furthermore, the evaluation of nitric oxide (NO) levels suggests that citral possesses antioxidant properties. Molecular docking studies reveal a weak interaction with three parasite proteins: thioredoxin reductase (TvTrxR), purine nucleoside phosphorylase (TvPNP), and methionine gamma lyase (TvMGL). The present study highlights the potential of citral as a candidate for the development of no-nitroimidazole drugs, offering new avenues for trichomoniasis treatment and underscoring the importance of further investigation into citral’s mechanism of action.


  • Open Access

    Investigation of Anaplasma marginale, Babesia bovis, Babesia bigemina and Trypanosoma vivax in the brain and spleen of dairy cows of Rio Grande do Sul

    by Melânia Lazzari Rigo, Kauê Rodriguez Martins, Yan Wahast Islabão, Alexia Brauner de Mello, Marjorie de Giacometi, Rodrigo Casquero Cunha, Monique Tomazele Rovani, Camila Belmonte Oliveira

    A Tristeza Parasitária Bovina (TPB) e a tripanossomose bovina são enfermidades que impactam a produção bovina de forma negativa no Brasil, causando perdas na produção e morte dos animais. Neste estudo, o objetivo foi investigar os quatro hemoparasitos que mais acometem o rebanho bovino (A. marginale, B. bovis, B. bigemina e T. vivax) pela técnica de qPCR, em vacas leiteiras de descarte na região noroeste do Rio Grande do Sul. Para isso, foram coletados, em abatedouro, fragmentos de cérebro e de baço de 64 bovinos leiteiros dessa região. A extração do DNA das amostras foi feita por meio do reagente Brazol®, e a quantidade e a pureza das mesmas, foi obtida através da análise de espectrofotômetro com NanoDropTM. Nas amostras de cérebro foi realizada a detecção de DNA para T. vivax e B. bovis, enquanto que no baço, investigou-se DNA dos quatro agentes. Das 64 amostras de cérebro analisadas, 14,06 % foram positivas para Babesia bovis. Nas amostras de baço, Babesia bovis foi detectada em 17,19 %, enquanto que 29,69 % testaram positivas para B. bigemina e, 37,50 %, para Anaplasma marginale. Em relação ao Trypanosoma vivax, nenhuma resultou positiva em ambos os tecidos. Assim, os achados evidenciaram que B. bovis, B. bigemina e A. marginale estão presentes no rebanho bovino leiteiro, tendo maior percentual de A. marginale na região investigada; por outro lado, T. vivax não foi diagnosticado no presente estudo.

  • Activity of compounds derived from benzofuroxan in Trichomonas vaginalis

    by Marjorie de Giacometi, João Cândido Pilar Mayer, Alexia Brauner de Mello, Yan Wahast Islabão, Adriane Leites Strothmann, Renata Nobre da Fonseca, Ângela Sena-Lopes, Luciano Dornelles, Sibele Borsuk, Silvia de Oliveira Hübner, et al.


  • Open Access

    Investigation of Trichomonas gallinae in passerines

    by Jenny Paola Hidalgo Martínez, Alexia Brauner de Mello, Marjorie de Giacometi, Rodrigo Casquero Cunha, Camila Belmonte Oliveira, Marlete Brum Cleff, Raqueli Teresinha França

    Tricomoníase, causada pelo protozoário Trichomonas gallinae, tem como principais hospedeiros aves da família Columbidae, que apresentam alta prevalência do protozoário sem manifestar a doença. O contínuo crescimento da população de pombos e sua natureza cosmopolita fazem com que hoje exista uma distribuição mundial desta espécie, sendo responsável pela distribuição e manutenção da prevalência da tricomoníase em quase todo o mundo. A transmissão da doença pode ser por contato direto, ou indireto, por meio de alimentos ou água. Essa rota indireta é a razão pela qual uma gama tão ampla de ordens de aves pode ser infectada, muito diferente dos columbídeos, como falconiformes, strigiformes, passeriformes, piciformes, psittaciformes, gruiformes, galliformes ou anseriformes. Desta forma, o objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a presença de T. gallinae em passeriformes recebidos em um Centro de Triagem de Animais Silvestres. Para a realização deste estudo foram analisados 300 aves por conveniência da ordem Passeriforme correpondente a 23 espécies diferentes recebidos no Núcleo de Reabilitação da Fauna Silvestres (NURFS) da Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), em estações distintas do ano comprendidas entre os meses de março a outubro de 2021. De todos os indivíduos foram colhidas amostra de suabe da orofaringe, o material foi imediatamente acondicionado em tubo falcon contendo meio de cultura Tripticase-Yeast Extract-Maltose (TYM) e encaminhado ao Laboratório de Protozoologia e Entomologia (LAPEn), para incubação em estufa de crecimento bacteriologico e posterior identificação em lamina em montagem úmida no microscópio óptico em objetivo de 40X do protozoário. A montagem úmida em lamina, foi feita em triplicata e analisada em sua totalidade. Das 300 aves avaliadas no cultivo in vitro para T. gallinae, 25 tiveram resultado inconclusivo e foram sumetidas a análise de PCR, sendo negativas para T. gallinae. Embora não tenha sido encontrado nenhum Passeriformes positivo, o monitoramento da ocorrência desse protozoário deve continuar, pois sabe-se que ele pode causar uma possível epidemia facilmente, levando a perdas para a fauna silvestre que possuí aves ameaçadas de extinção.