Ceyda Okudu

To compare the acute effects of a single serving of Arabica and chicory coffee with a no‐coffee reference condition on exercise performance, cardiometabolic responses, and post‐exercise biomarkers in healthy young male adults. Twenty‐two moderately active young male adults aged 18–25 years completed a single‐blind controlled crossover study. The no‐coffee reference session was completed first; the Arabica and chicory coffee order was randomized with a 3‐day washout. Beverages (180 mL) were consumed 45 min before a 20‐m shuttle‐run test. Performance, cardiometabolic variables, and post‐exercise LPL, TNF‐α, adiponectin, and IL‐6 were assessed. Shuttle‐run performance, perceived exertion, and estimated VO ₂ max did not differ among conditions (all p > 0.05). No significant condition × time interactions were observed for cardiometabolic variables. Post‐exercise LPL protein concentrations differed significantly among conditions ( p = 0.038) and were numerically highest after chicory coffee (27.72 ng/mL). IL‐6 showed a non‐significant trend toward lower concentrations after chicory coffee (38.03 pg/mL; p = 0.094); TNF‐α and adiponectin did not differ significantly. Neither beverage improved acute exercise performance. Arabica and chicory coffee nevertheless showed different post‐exercise biomarker patterns that warrant confirmation in larger crossover studies.

Non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is closely associated with obesity, insulin resistance, and increased cardiometabolic risk. Dietary fat quality has emerged as a modifiable factor in NAFLD management; however, the specific effects of canola oil on hepatic and metabolic markers remain unclear. This systematic review and meta‐analysis evaluated randomized controlled trials investigating the effects of canola oil consumption in adults with NAFLD. Searches were conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases through December 2024 in accordance with PRISMA guidelines (PROSPERO: CRD42024593566). Random‐effects models were applied to estimate pooled effect sizes. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 tool, and certainty of evidence was graded using the GRADE framework. Three randomized controlled trials (four intervention arms; n = 220 participants) were included. Canola oil consumption was associated with significant reductions in alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (effect size: −0.472, 95% CI: −0.711 to −0.233; p < 0.001) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (effect size: −0.505, 95% CI: −0.745 to −0.264; p < 0.001). Triglyceride levels were also significantly reduced (effect size: −0.593, 95% CI: −1.151 to −0.036; p = 0.037), although heterogeneity was substantial. No significant effects were observed for HDL (effect size: 0.154, 95% CI: −0.604 to 0.912; p = 0.69) or gamma‐glutamyl transferase (GGT) (effect size: 0.156, 95% CI: −0.173 to 0.486; p = 0.352). The certainty of evidence was moderate for ALT and low for AST, triglycerides, HDL, and GGT, primarily because of small sample sizes and clinical heterogeneity. Dietary canola oil may contribute to modest improvements in hepatic enzymes and triglyceride levels in adults with NAFLD. However, the limited number of trials, variability in intervention protocols, and absence of long‐term clinical outcomes warrant cautious interpretation. Larger, well‐designed studies are needed to clarify its role within cardiometabolic risk management strategies for NAFLD.

Purpose: Human breast milk, a source of biologically active molecules, has long been utilized in the treatment of various diseases. Among its components, whey proteins have attracted attention for their potential influence on cancer-related metabolic pathways, particularly peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), a key regulator of tumor progression. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of human milk-derived whey proteins on PPARγ gene expression and cell migration in gastric cancer cells. Methods: Whey proteins were isolated from breast milk collected from ten mothers with infants aged 0–6 months and applied to AGS gastric cancer cells under laboratory conditions. After 48 hours of incubation, total RNA was extracted, reverse-transcribed to cDNA, and PPARγ expression levels were quantified using qRT-PCR. In parallel, cell migration was evaluated through wound healing assays. Results: The results indicated differential regulation of PPARγ expression across samples. A significant increase in expression was observed in samples 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 (p<0.05), whereas sample 8 was the only group showing decreased expression. Migration assays further revealed that whey proteins from samples 2, 3, 5, and 8 suppressed cell migration relative to controls, while samples 6, 7, 9, and 10 did not exhibit such effects. Conclusion: Overall, these findings suggest that whey proteins from different individuals exert variable effects on PPARγ expression and gastric cancer cell migration, potentially reflecting inter-individual differences in protein composition. Future studies should focus on characterizing individual protein components of whey and their specific contributions to PPARγ regulation and metastasis-related pathways.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterised by abnormalities in carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism and is caused by insulin secretion, insulin resistance or a combination of both. This study was conducted to examine the effects of alternative treatment methods used by individuals with type 2 diabetes on their eating habits and self-care. A total of 48 individuals diagnosed with type 2 diabetes participated in the study. The average duration of diabetes was 10.7 years and 58.7% of the participants used oral anti-diabetic drugs. 47.9% of the participants stated that they had previously used Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) and 55% stated that they used CAM to get rid of the side effects of medication. The mean CAM attitude level of the patients was 32.3±8.1 and the mean self-care level was 71.9±13.4. A positive correlation was found between the number of meals, duration of diabetes, fasting and postprandial blood glucose and self-care levels (p

Cancer cachexia, a syndrome characterized by involuntary weight loss, affects skeletal muscles and leads to adipose tissue loss. Activation of adipose tissue during cancer cachexia may contribute to cachexia through mechanisms like ZAG, a biomarker for adipose atrophy. This study aimed to analyze the effect of paclitaxel on adipogenesis and cachexia-related genes in cancer cachexia. The study involved human preadipocyte cells grown in a commercial medium, with 50 nM paclitaxel applied on different days for differentiation. The 15th day, marking the completion of differentiation was analyzed for lipid accumulation and PPARγ and AZGP1 gene expression. The study found that paclitaxel during adipogenesis suppressed differentiation and lipid accumulation in human preadipocytes. It was determined that there was no change in the expression level of the AZGP1 gene in day 3 preadipocytes given paclitaxel starting from the 3rd day of differentiation. It was determined that PPARγ gene expression was suppressed in day 0 preadipocytes given paclitaxel starting from the first day of differentiation compared to the control group. As a result, it has been determined that paclitaxel may contribute to adipose tissue loss in cancer cachexia by suppressing the differentiation of preadipocytes and lipid accumulation during adipogenesis. The change caused by paclitaxel in the expression of genes such as AZGP1 and PPARγ during adipogenesis needs to be analyzed in further studies.

Purpose: Breast cancer is one of the most common and leading causes of death in women. The mechanism by which breast cancer develops is not fully understood. Understanding the mechanism of initiation and the genes and proteins involved in this process may help us to fight this type of cancer. The LMAN2 gene encodes VIP36, which transports properly folded proteins. The main aim of this study was to investigate the expression of the LMAN2 gene at the molecular level in breast cancer cells with different functional defects. Determining the level of LMAN2 gene expression under hypoxia, known as oxygen deprivation, has a significant impact on tumourigenesis and metastasis, and obtaining new data on the relationship between hypoxia and ER stress was identified as a secondary objective. Material and methods: In this study, the expression level of the LMAN2 gene will be examined in breast cancer cell lines (SKBR3, MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-468, MCF-7) and CRL4010 cell line as a control. Results: LMAN2 gene expression level was evaluated at 48-hour periods by providing normoxic and hypoxic conditions. While the LMAN2 gene expression level in MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, and SK-BR-3 cells is significantly reduced, it was highly expressed in MDA-MB-468 in hypoxic and normoxic conditions. CHOP, HERP, and BiP gene expression levels were significantly higher in MDA-MB-468 under hypoxic conditions like LMAN2 expression. Conclusion: LMAN2 and other ER stress response elements showed different expression profiles in SK-BR-3, MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-468, and MCF7 cell lines under hypoxic conditions. Increased expression was found in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-468 cell lines, but decreased expression was detected in SK-BR-3 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines. The underlying reason for this difference is thought to be that the cell lines have different molecular properties, such as triple negative or HER2 (+/-) status.

Geçtiğimiz yıllarda tüm dünyayı etkisi altına alan Covid-19 salgını insanların sağlığında olduğu gibi yaşam koşullarında da bazı değişikliğe sebep olmuştur. Salgınla mücadelede uygulanan karantina, sosyal izolasyon ve evde kal önlemleri sonucu birçok insan sedanter yaşama geçmiştir. Bu çalışma, Covid-19 pandemi döneminde evden çalışmaya geçen bireylerde sezgisel yeme davranışı, depresyon ve beden kütle indeksi (BKİ) arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemek amacıyla yapıldı. Covid-19 pandemi döneminde evden çalışmaya geçen ve Türkiye’nin farklı illerinde yaşayan, yaşları 20-65 aralığında bulunan 158 gönüllü katılımcı ile gerçekleştirildi. Veriler anket yöntemiyle online ortamda, Temmuz 2021-Kasım 2021 tarihleri arasında toplandı. Ankette demografik sorular mevcut olup, sezgisel yeme durumu Sezgisel Yeme Ölçeği-2 (IES-2) ve depresyon durumu Beck Depresyon Envanteri (BDE) kullanılarak incelendi. Verilere ilişkin analizler IBM SPSS 25 programında gerçekleştirildi. Analizlerde tanımlayıcı istatistikler, Mann Whitney U Testi, Kruskal Testi ve Post Hoc Bonferroni Testi, Spearman korelasyonundan yararlanıldı. Ankete katılan bireylerin %70,3’ünün kadın %29,7’sinin erkek olduğu belirlendi. Sezgisel yeme ölçeği alt boyutlarından ‘açlık ve tokluk sinyallerine bağlı yemek’ ile katılımcıların BKİ değerleri arasında hesaplanan -0,248 korelasyon katsayısı ile istatistiksel olarak anlamlı, negatif yönlü bir ilişki bulundu (p0,05).