Eyüp Dil

Background: Primary intratesticular leiomyosarcomas are rare neoplasms. Diagnosis is established after radical inguinal orchiectomy through histological and immunohistochemical analysis. According to the literature, testicular leiomyosarcoma may exhibit indolent behavior and can potentially be cured with early detection and surgical intervention. Case Report: A 63-year-old man presented with painless enlargement of the right testis. High inguinal orchiectomy was performed. Histopathological evaluation of the excised specimen demonstrated low-grade leiomyosarcoma. Conclusion: The clinical, radiological, and histopathological characteristics of this tumor are described, along with an overview of current therapeutic approaches.

Background: Acute renal colic, most often caused by ureteral stones, is a common cause of emergency admissions. While non-contrast computed tomography (CT) is the diagnostic gold standard, its use is limited by radiation exposure, cost, and accessibility. Growth Differentiation Factor-15 (GDF-15) is a stress-induced cytokine elevated in various acute pathologies. This study investigated the diagnostic and predictive value of serum and urine GDF-15 in patients with acute renal colic due to ureteral stones. Methods: In this prospective observational study (January 2024–March 2025), 76 patients presenting with sudden-onset flank pain were enrolled. A total of 41 patients with radiologically confirmed ureteral stones formed the stone-positive group, and 35 patients without urinary pathology served as controls. Serum and urine GDF-15 levels were measured by ELISA, along with routine laboratory tests. CT was used to assess stone characteristics, hydronephrosis grade, and ureteral wall thickness. Group comparisons were performed using the Mann–Whitney U test, correlations with Spearman’s test, and diagnostic performance with ROC analysis. Results: Both serum and urine GDF-15 levels were significantly higher in stone-positive patients (p < 0.001). Urine GDF-15 demonstrated excellent diagnostic accuracy (AUC = 0.986; sensitivity = 92.7%; specificity = 91.4), while serum GDF-15 showed moderate performance (AUC = 0.767). GDF-15 levels showed modest positive correlations with CRP and were numerically higher in patients with ureteral wall thickness > 1 mm and proximal stones. No significant association was found with spontaneous stone passage (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Urine GDF-15 shows promising diagnostic accuracy for ureteral stones and may serve as a non-invasive adjunctive tool when imaging is limited. While associated with inflammation and stone location, it did not predict spontaneous stone passage. These findings support its potential as a clinical biomarker, though further large-scale validation is required.

In the published PDF version of the A Rare Case of Bladder Tumor: Squamous Cell Papilloma, Figures 1, 2, and 3 were inadvertently omitted due to a publisher error. We apologize to our readers and the research community for this oversight. A corrected and complete version of the article, which includes the missing visuals, has been re-published with this erratum notice. The purpose of this correction is to maintain an accurate scientific record. Corrected version can be accessed via the following link: https://doi.org/10.33719/nju1630050

Squamous cell papilloma of the bladder is an exceedingly rare benign lesion. It is often identified incidentally during imaging studies performed for unrelated reasons and may mimic urothelial carcinoma of the bladder. The definitive diagnosis of this lesion, which can present with varying clinical symptoms, is established through pathological examination. Here, we report a case of squamous cell papilloma in a 56-year-old asymptomatic male patient. The patient underwent cystoscopy after a suspicious lesion was observed on full-abdominal CT imaging, raising concern for a bladder tumor. During cystoscopy, transurethral resection was performed on calcified exophytic lesions observed in the bladder, achieving complete resection of all lesions. Histopathological analysis revealed the lesion to be a squamous cell papilloma, and the patient was placed under follow-up. The etiology and clinical significance of these lesions, which are rarely reported in the literature, remain unclear. In this article, we summarize the case of squamous cell papilloma of the bladder while reviewing the relevant literature. We believe that this report contributes to the literature by emphasizing the importance of accurate pathological evaluation for urologists and preventing overly aggressive treatments for patients. Keywords: papilloma, squamous, bladder

Backgrounds: Approximately 18 million individuals were diagnosed with cancer in 2018. The rate is predicted to exceed 22 million by 2030. Radiotherapy is an essential part of cancer therapy, with well documented local and systemic side effects, including oxidative stress and apoptosis. Kidney tissues are also exposed to the deleterious effects of radiotherapy, resulting in acute or chronic kidney function impairment. This study compared the effects of the potent selective α2-adrenoreceptor agonist dexmedetomidine and amifostine on oxidative stress and apoptosis in kidney damage induced by x-irradiation in rats. Methods: Forty Sprague Dawley rats were assigned into five groups: control, x-irradiation, x-irradiation + amifostine, x-irradiation + dexmedetomidine 100 µg/kg, and X-ray irradiation + dexmedetomidine 200 µg/kg. Results: Necrotic tubules and degenerative Bowman’s capsules were present in the x-irradiation group. An increase was determined in malondialdehyde (MDA), Cleaved Caspase-3, and 8-OHdG levels compared to the control group (p ≤ 0.05). In contrast, there was a decrease in necrotic tubules, degenerative Bowman’s capsules, and the levels of MDA, Cleaved Caspase-3, and 8-OHdG in the amifostine and dexmedetomidine 100 µg/kg and 200 µg/kg treatment groups (p ≤ 0.05). Conclusions: Alpha 2 adrenergic receptor agonists exhibit protective effects against kidney injury induced in association with x-irradiation by reducing oxidative stress and apoptosis.

Priapizm Ahmet Mervan ARSLAN Eray HASIRCI Penil Fraktür Serdar CİNCOROP Fatih ÇOLAK Böbrek Travmaları Nijazi PEROLLİ Fatih ÇOLAK Üreter Travmaları Görkem AKÇA Erdem ORMAN Mesane Yaralanmaları Murat DEMİR Üretra Travmaları Selim YAZAR Eyüp DİL Postrenal Akut Böbrek Yetmezliği Ender Cem BULUT Gebelikte Obstruksiyona Neden Olan Ürolitiazis Mustafa KABA

The aim of this study was to investigate the toxic effects on the rat testis of flutamide, bicalutamide, and cyproterone acetate using histopathological methods. Twenty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups, control (Group 1), flutamide (Group 2), bicalutamide (Group 3), and cyproterone acetate (Group 4). Physiological saline solution or anti-androgens were administered via oral gavage for 14 days. At the end of the study, the testes were harvested for histological toxic effect scoring. The mean histopathology scores were 0 in Group 1, 0.33 ± 0.81 in Group 2, 1.66 ± 1.36 in Group 3, and 2.93 ± 0.98 in Group 4. The histopathology score in Group 4 was significantly higher than that in Group 1 (p = 0.002), but was not significantly different to those in groups 2 and 3 (p = 0.317 and p = 0.028, respectively). No significant difference was also observed between the other groups. Cyproterone acetate, a steroidal antiandrogen, resulted in significant impairment of testis histology relative to the non-steroidal antiandrogens flutamide and bicalutamide. A non-steroidal agent such as flutamide or bicalutamide should therefore be selected if antiandrogen therapy is to be initiated for reasons such as acne, hirsutism, and paraphilias, particularly in young males.

Objective: The objective of this work is to investigate the histological and biochemical consequences of administering Dexmedetomidine (DEX), an alpha-2 adrenergic receptor agonist with notable sedative qualities as well as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory characteristics, in the context of Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced kidney injury. Materials and Methods: The experimental design involved the random allocation of 30 Sprague-Dawley rats into three distinct groups. The experimental group designated as Group 1 received a single intraperitoneal administration of 1ml of saline solution containing 0.09% NaCl. Group 2 received an intraperitoneal injection of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) at a dosage of 2 milliliters per kilogram. Group 3, referred to as the CCl4+Dexmedetomidine group, received a solitary intraperitoneal (i.p.) dosage of 100 µg/kg dexmedetomidine one hour before the intraperitoneal administration of 2mL/kg CCl4. Results: Extensive necrosis and debris accumulation were observed in the tubules, particularly in the proximal tubules, within the CCl4-applied group. An elevation in malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labelling (TUNEL) positivity, along with a reduction in glutathione (GSH) levels, was found in the renal tissues of the CCl4 experimental group as compared to the control group. In contrast, the CCl4+DEX group exhibited a reduction in the quantity of necrotic tubular cells, levels of MDA, and TUNEL positive. Additionally, there was an elevation in GSH levels compared to the group treated with CCl4 alone. Conclusions: The administration of dexmedetomidine has been observed to potentially provide a protective effect against renal damage induced by CCl4. This phenomenon could potentially be linked to the modulation of tissue oxidative stress markers and the attenuation of apoptotic rate. The findings of our investigation provide evidence in favour of the utilization of dexmedetomidine as a promising therapeutic drug for mitigating renal injury.