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Background: This study evaluated the effects of obturation technique and sealer type on the fracture resistance of endodontically treated maxillary central incisors with simulated traumatic crown fractures under clinically relevant loading conditions. Methods: Forty extracted human maxillary central incisors were randomly assigned to either the single-cone technique or warm vertical compaction technique. Each group was further divided according to the sealer used: AH Plus or TotalFill BC. After obturation, the crowns were restored with a short fiber-reinforced composite and a nanohybrid composite resin. The specimens were stored at 100% humidity for two weeks and embedded in acrylic resin. Fracture resistance was assessed using a universal testing machine with oblique loading at 45°. The data were analyzed using two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) at a significance level of 0.05. Results: Both obturation technique and sealer type significantly affected fracture resistance. TotalFill BC produced higher fracture-load values than AH Plus, while the single-cone technique (SCT)/TotalFill BC group had the highest numerical mean. However, no significant interaction was found between obturation technique and sealer type. Conclusions: Within the limitations of this in vitro study, sealer selection emerged as the primary factor influencing fracture resistance. TotalFill BC provided greater fracture resistance than AH Plus across both obturation techniques, while the absence of a significant interaction indicated that neither technique conferred a sealer-specific advantage.

Apical periodontitis (AP) is an endodontic infection that may persist asymptomatically and be reflected in systemic inflammatory status. This study aimed to evaluate the association between radiographic severity of AP and next‐generation systemic inflammatory biomarkers in systemically healthy adults. Archived clinical, radiographic and haematological data of 206 adult patients treated under general anaesthesia between 2021 and 2024 were retrospectively analysed. Patients were grouped according to Periapical Index (PAI) scores. Systemic immune‐inflammation index (SII), neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and platelet inflammatory value (PIV) were calculated from routine blood counts. Severe AP (PAI scores 4–5) was associated with significantly higher SII, NLR, and PIV values ( p < 0.05). The number of teeth with PAI score 5 correlated positively with SII, NLR and PIV, whereas PLR showed no significant association. Greater severity of AP was associated with elevated systemic inflammatory indices. PIV may provide adjunctive information on systemic inflammatory response in patients with severe AP.

The aim of this study was to evaluate dental treatment procedures performed under general anesthesia in adult patient. The clinical records of 94 patients between the ages of 16 and 79, whose dental treatments were completed under general anesthesia between January 2021 and 2023, were evaluated retrospectively. Fisher's Exact Test and Pearson Chi-Square Test were used to compare the obtained data according to groups. The significance level was taken as p<0.050. A statistically significant difference was found in the restorative and periodontal treatments performed under general anesthesia between systemic diseases/disabled and healthy groups (p=0.002). A statistically significant difference was found between the duration of general anesthesia of systemic diseases/disabled and healthy groups (p= 0.013). In ASA I and ASA II scoring, a statistically significant difference was found (p=0.001). The fact that restorative and periodontal treatments are needed more in unhealthy/disabled individuals has shown that oral hygiene is inadequate in unhealthy/disabled individuals. Systemically healthy patients had more dental treatments under general anesthesia in our hospital than unhealthy patients due to anxiety. Performing dental procedures under general anesthesia in appropriate indications for adult patients is a preferable method today, as dental treatments are completed in a single visit and the possibility of the patient's lack of cooperation in the chair is eliminated.

Background: The aim of this study is to compare the efficacy of XP-endo finisher R file and PIPS technique using Er: YAG laser on removal of gutta-percha in root canals obturated with two different obturation techniques. Methods: The root canals of sixty single-rooted teeth were prepared with ProTaper Next Rotary instruments up to X3 (Dentsply, Ballaigues, Switzerland). Half of the root canals were obturated with cold lateral condensation technique and the other half with System B technique (Kerr Corporation, CA, USA) and BioRoot RCS sealer (Setodent, Louisville, USA) was used in all groups as a root canal sealer. After one week, all root canals were retreated using Protaper Universal retreatment instruments (Dentsply, Ballaigues, Switzerland) and enlarged to ProTaper Next X5 File at the working length. Both groups were divided into 3 subgroups according to the additional cleaning methods: control group without an additional cleaning method, XP-endo Finisher R or PIPS technique using Er: YAG laser. Finally, all teeth were split longitudinally and images were taken using an operation microscope (Carl Zeiss, Heidelberg, Germany). The images were analyzed by Image J program. Two-way ANOVA and Tukey tests were used for statistical analysis. Results: There was a statistically significant difference between the canal filling techniques applied in the evaluation of remnants (p=0.010). There was no significant difference between additional cleaning methods (p=0.196). Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, cleanliness is more difficult in root canals obturated with System B technique. Use of additional cleaning method was not effective in removal of root canal filling materials.

Background: The effective bonding of fiber posts which are recommended in the restoration of endodontically treated teeth with excessive coronal damage is of critical importance for the long-term success. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of various irrigation activation protocols on the push-out bond strength of fiber posts in different parts of the post space.Methods: Forty-eight endodontically treated mandibular first premolar teeth were divided into 4 groups according to irrigation protocol (n=12): passive irrigation(PI); manual-dynamic irrigation(MDI); sonic irrigation(SI), ultrasonic irrigation(UI). Fiber posts were bonded with a self-adhesive resin cement. Three transvers sections, were obtained from the coronal, middle, and apical regions of the root, in 2 mm thich each. Push-out bond strength in each section was calculated in MPa using a universal-testing machine. Each sample was examined under a stereomicroscope and failure types were classified as follows: adhesive failure between cement and dentin-Adhesive(C/D); adhesive failure between cement and fiber post-Adhesive(C/F); the combination of both adhesive failure types-mix.Results: The lowest bond strength was obtained for PI group (p0.05). Coronal region showed higher bond strength than the apical region regardless of test group (p<0.05). While mixed failure was observed dominantly in the MDI, SI and UI groups, PI was the group that showed the adhesive(C/D) failure type in most.Conclusion: After preparing the post space, the use of any of the manual-dynamic, sonic or ultrasonic irrigation activation methods increases the bond strength of fiber posts to root canal dentin compared to passive irrigation. Regardless of the irrigation method applied, the bond strength of the fiber post to the root canal was higher in the coronal region compared to the apical region.