Guangqing Xu

A single-step TiOSO ₄ –OTMS passivation builds a compact, crack-free composite film with Si–O–Si network on zinc-electroplated NdFeB magnets, blocking corrosive species via an extended diffusion barrier.

Aluminum-clad steel wires are widely used in ultra-high-voltage (UHV) transmission lines due to their excellent beneficial properties. To address the inadequate strength–ductility balance of aluminum-clad steel wires for UHV applications, this study investigates the effects of cold drawing and low-temperature annealing (200~330 °C) on the microstructure, aluminum/steel interface, and mechanical properties of 20SA (20.3% IACS) aluminum-clad steel wires. The results indicate that the cold-drawn steel core exhibits high strength due to its high dislocation density and strong fiber texture. Low-temperature annealing promotes overall recovery and partial recrystallization of the microstructure. Specifically, annealing at 240~280 °C significantly enhances ductility while maintaining high strength, achieving optimal strength–ductility synergy; however, higher annealing temperatures result in an unacceptably low ultimate strength, rendering them impractical for application. Interfacial characterization reveals that the as-clad and cold-drawn processes, as well as annealing below 250 °C for 10 min, maintain stable metallurgical bonding at the aluminum/steel interface, whereas annealing at 300 °C for 10 min induces the formation of brittle Fe-Al intermetallic compounds, thereby compromising service reliability. Furthermore, the precipitation of cementite (Fe₃C) with increasing temperature partially compensates for the strength loss caused by overall recovery. This study identifies the optimal heat treatment window, providing a theoretical basis for the strength–ductility design and reliable service of UHV transmission lines.

Ubiquitous oxygen drives degradation, spoilage, and side reactions, making oxygen scavenging essential for materials preservation and reaction stabilization. However, conventional oxygen scavengers exhibit limited oxygen removal rates and capacities far below their theoretical maximums, wasting resources while lagging behind industry needs. Here, we report Fe-based metallic glasses as efficient oxygen scavengers, achieving oxygen removal rates 1–4 orders of magnitude higher than conventional systems. In FeSiB metallic glass, Fe oxidation synergistically activates Si, delivering a 24-hour oxygen removal capacity of 1.439 L g^-1—reaching the Fe-based theoretical limit—and a 48-hour capacity of 1.596 L g^-1, surpassing it. Density functional theory calculations reveal that the amorphous structure significantly lowers the oxygen adsorption energy barrier and facilitates O–O bond cleavage. Moreover, the generated self-reinforcing microdomains mediate O₂/H₂O transport via robust autocatalytic cycling. These results highlight a promising strategy for oxygen potential control and suggest a possible paradigm for catalytic applications.

The practical implementation of lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries is still impeded by two fundamental challenges: the low conductivity of lithium sulfide species (Li₂S₂/Li₂S) and the shuttling of soluble lithium polysulfides (LiPSs). To tackle these issues, we propose an efficient polysulfide regulation strategy via a functional separator coated with Bi₂Se₃@NiSe₂ heterostructures anchored on nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes (N-CNTs). The rationally constructed Bi₂Se₃@NiSe₂ interfaces not only offer strong chemisorption toward LiPSs but also act as highly active electrocatalysts to facilitate their conversion kinetics, particularly the nucleation and decomposition of Li₂S. Coupled with the three-dimensional conductive network of N-CNTs, which ensures rapid electron/ion transport, the designed separator significantly suppresses the shuttle effect and enhances redox efficiency. As a result, Li–S batteries equipped with the Bi₂Se₃@NiSe₂/N-CNT-modified separator achieve a remarkable initial discharge capacity of 1418.24 mAh g^–1 at 0.1 C and outstanding long-term cyclability with a minimal decay rate of 0.083% per cycle over 500 cycles at 1 C. In situ X-ray diffraction further verifies the reversible phase evolution between α-S₈ and Li₂S during cycling. This work highlights the potential of bimetallic selenide heterostructures as multifunctional catalytic interlayers and provides a feasible pathway toward advanced separators for durable Li–S batteries.

Environmentally friendly PHPS converted Al coatings were obtained on NdFeB magnets to solve the low-corrosion-resistance problems of rare earth permanent magnetic materials.

NiS_x nanoparticles enhance Si substrate's hydrogen evolution to 189.15 μmol h⁻¹ cm⁻², outperforming Ni/SiNWs by 3.04 times and pristine SiNWs by 30.86 times.