Jinping Wang

Triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains a significant clinical challenge due to lack of targetable biomarkers and systemic toxicity of conventional chemotherapy. To address these hurdles, we engineered a bioinspired “dragon‐fruit‐mimetic” nanoplatform (GemSe@PDA), with selenium quantum dots (SeQDs) and gemcitabine (Gem) uniformly dispersed in polydopamine (PDA) matrix that acts as a functional photothermal carrier. This distinctive structural endows high drug loading capacity, and the PDA matrix degrades under lysosomal acidic conditions (pH ∼5.0), enabling stimuli‐responsive release of SeQDs and Gem. GemSe@PDA shows uniform morphology (174.8 nm in diameter) and excellent photothermal capability of raising local temperature to 48.3°C within 10 min. Functionally, the GemSe@PDA nanoplatform integrates three modalities of SeQD‐driven apoptosis, PDA‐mediated photothermal ablation under 808 nm NIR irradiation, and Gem‐induced chemotherapy. Mechanistically, RNA‐seq analysis revealed that SeQDs provoke apoptosis by regulating the Akt/caspase‐3 signaling pathway, while Gem triggers cell cycle arrest. In vivo studies demonstrated that GemSe@PDA markedly boosts tumor‐targeted accumulation and effectively suppresses tumor growth, lowering the tumor weight to merely 15.9% of the control group without systemic toxicity. By combining the structural advantages of a dragon fruit‐like design with bioactive SeQDs, this nanoplatform provides a versatile, biocompatible strategy for overcoming the therapeutic problems of TNBC.

Natural biological systems offer a vast library of highly organized structures for material science. Among these, sporopollenin exine capsules (SECs) extracted from plant pollen represent a distinct class of sustainable biomaterials, characterized by their micronano hierarchical architecture and significant internal loading capacity. Although SECs possess exceptional mechanical robustness and chemical stability, their application in precision medicine is often limited by a lack of specific surface functionality and controllable interfacial interactions. This review comprehensively bridges the gap between raw natural structures and advanced therapeutic platforms through surface engineering. We systematically examine structure–function relationships, detailing how diverse functionalization strategies, including chemical grafting, layer‐by‐layer assembly, and biomolecular conjugation, can precisely tailor the physicochemical properties of SECs. Such modifications empower these natural scaffolds with essential capabilities, including stimuli responsiveness, active targeting, and enhanced biocompatibility. Consequently, these engineered systems demonstrate significant potential in critical areas such as oral drug delivery, tumor immunotherapy, and diagnostic sensing. Finally, we discuss current challenges regarding clinical translation and provide a perspective on developing intelligent, pollen‐based systems that meet the rigorous demands of next‐generation personalized healthcare.

The clinical management of liver fibrosis is hindered by the inability of conventional biopsies to map lesions spatially and the lack of sensitive, theranostic agents for early detection and intervention. Here, we introduce a polydopamine (PDA)‐based nanoplatform embodying a conceptually distinct strategy: differential sequestration and release within a single system. Upon encountering fibrosis severity‐dependent elevated H ₂ O ₂ in fibrotic liver microenvironment, a manganese carbonyl complex (Mn(CO) ₅ Br) incorporated in the nanostructure decomposes to simultaneously generate Mn ²⁺ and carbon monoxide (CO). PDA plays a dual regulatory role: it strongly traps Mn ²⁺ via coordination bonds, enhancing T ₁ relaxivity for high‐contrast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), while releasing CO in a controlled manner to exert anti‐fibrotic and anti‐inflammatory effects. This “capture‐and‐release” design enables spatiotemporally coordinated diagnosis and therapy. The nanoprobe allows precise stratification of fibrosis stages through MRI signal intensity that correlates with collagen deposition and supports 3D reconstruction of lesion distribution. Concurrently, released CO attenuates fibrotic progression by modulating the TGF‐β1/Smad pathway, scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS), and promoting macrophage repolarization, all without inducing systemic toxicity. This work demonstrates that differential molecular control within one nanoplatform can synchronize imaging‐guided diagnosis with targeted microenvironment reprogramming, offering a translatable strategy for liver fibrosis theranostics.

The ever-growing use of nature-derived materials creates exciting opportunities for novel development in various therapeutic biomedical applications. Living cells, serving as the foundation of nanoarchitectonics, exhibit remarkable capabilities that enable the development of bioinspired and biomimetic systems, which will be explored in this review. To understand the foundation of this development, we first revisited the anatomy of cells to explore the characteristics of the building blocks of life that is relevant. Interestingly, animal cells have amazing capabilities due to the inherent functionalities in each specialized cell type. Notably, the versatility of cell membranes allows red blood cells and neutrophils’ membranes to cloak inorganic nanoparticles that would naturally be eliminated by the immune system. This underscores how cell membranes facilitate interactions with the surroundings through recognition, targeting, signalling, exchange, and cargo attachment. The functionality of cell membrane-coated nanoparticles can be tailored and improved by strategically engineering the membrane, selecting from a variety of cell membranes with known distinct inherent properties. On the other hand, plant cells exhibit remarkable capabilities for synthesizing various nanoparticles. They play a role in the synthesis of metal, carbon-based, and polymer nanoparticles, used for applications such as antimicrobials or antioxidants. One of the versatile components in plant cells is found in the photosynthetic system, particularly the thylakoid, and the pigment chlorophyll. While there are challenges in consistently synthesizing these remarkable nanoparticles derived from nature, this exploration begins to unveil the endless possibilities in nanoarchitectonics research.

The structural properties and aggregation tendency of Aβ(1–42) are significantly influenced by the protonation behavior of histidine. Notably, the (pεε), (pεp), and (ppp) forms exhibit high averaged β-sheet contents with three-strand structures.