Kafel Azeez

To accurately estimate the cooling or heating load of a building, it is necessary to calculate the heat gained through the walls under specific climatic conditions. Many effective techniques to perform this task have been developed in the engineering literature, highlighting the importance of selecting sustainable building materials. In this study, the Fourier series, a third harmonic technique, was used in MATLAB to model the heat gain. The simulation process was based on hourly gain fluctuation through the walls, and conductive heat transfer was calculated. This method facilitated the determination of the amount of heat gained through different wall configurations. Input data for the simulation program included the number of layers of walls, as well as the thermal properties of each layer. Area-specific weather information is essential as the calculation is based on solar air temperature. The study was conducted in August 2023 over 24 hours in the City of Ramadi in Iraq. The results showed 1.2% higher than published research. The results showed that the third type of wall was the best. The third type improved the reduction of heat gain by 71% compared to the first type, by 80% compared to the second type, and by 68% compared to the fourth type.

Solar air collectors have been used in a variety of industrial applications, prompting a study and summary of various studies on the topic. Solar collectors’ exceptional energy conversion and storage outputs have piqued curiosity in the field of energy research. The current review study focuses on solar thermal application advancements and provides an overview of thermal energy storage devices and solar collectors. This paper presents and discusses a variety of solar collectors, both concentrating and non-concentrating. The energy storage media utilized in these plants, phase change material with melting temperatures exceeding 300°C, was exam-ined. The goal of this study is to provide the necessary information for advanced investiga-tions in the development of cost-effective high-temperature thermal storage systems. Finally, a summary of the presentation, as well as potential solar power plants are reviewed.

The present work carries out a three-dimensional numerical analysis study of Aluminium Nitride (AlN)-water hybrid nanofluid enhanced heat transfer in laminar forced convection flow heat exchanger with four different channels, flat, backward facing step, triangle and trapezoidal facing step channels. The influence of different Reynolds number (100≤ Re ≤1500) and different solid nanoparticles volume fraction (1% and 4%) on the heat transfer and fluid flow were numerically investigated. The numerical analysis was carried out by using a laminar model of ANSYS-Fluent CFD code and the governing equations were resolved using the finite volume method. The results indicate that the thermal conductivity of the nanofluids increases with the increase values of both the nanoparticles volume fractions and Reynolds number, compared with base fluids. Likewise, the pressure drop showed slightly increased due to the increased of both parameters. The use of high nanoparticles volume fractions (4% volume) nanofluid corresponded with the use of four different channel designs resulted in heat transfer augmentation about 30% when compared to that pure water for the trapezoidal channel.