Giorgia De Nora

The paper documents models used to analyse the interactions and trade-offs between price and financial stability at the European Central Bank. The paper describes a simple conceptual framework to think about the short- and medium-term trade-offs between price and financial stability. Short-term trade-offs arise whenever current inflationary pressure is high, but the financial system is experiencing stress. Medium-term trade-offs arise whenever current inflationary pressure is low, but risk is building up in the financial system. We document four main sets of models used to quantify trade-offs: time series models, balance sheet models, credit risk models and DSGE models with banking and financial frictions.

The paper documents models used to analyse the interactions and trade-offs between price and financial stability at the European Central Bank. The paper describes a simple conceptual framework to think about the short- and medium-term trade-offs between price and financial stability. Short-term trade-offs arise whenever current inflationary pressure is high, but the financial system is experiencing stress. Medium-term trade-offs arise whenever current inflationary pressure is low, but risk is building up in the financial system. We document four main sets of models used to quantify trade-offs: time series models, balance sheet models, credit risk models and DSGE models with banking and financial frictions.

The paper discusses the introduction of a positive neutral countercyclical capital buffer (CCyB) for Albania. The building blocks present a step-by-step guide to assess preconditions to be in place. Applied to the case of Albania, authors employ a set of methods for the calibration of a positive neutral rate, including a quantile local projection and stress-test based approach. The paper (i) finds a positive neutral CCyB regime is feasible and net beneficial for Albania, (ii) identifies the adequate range of the positive neutral rate between 100-200bps, and (iii) provides a template for emerging markets to explore positive neutral CCyB regimes.