Aibin Wu

A novel composite catalyst with readily preparation and good catalytic performance was designed and synthesized using sulfonation‐modified zeolite socony mobil‐5 (ZSM‐5) as the carrier and nano‐CoO/NiO as the active components. Compared with traditional in situ conversion, the composite catalyst could effectively reduce the activation energy of catalytic reactions, improve the efficiency of oil and gas conversion, and ameliorate the quality of oil products. When the loading amount of nano‐CoO/NiO was 20 wt% and the silicon/aluminum ratio of ZSM‐5 was 40–50, the required activation energy for oil shale cracking was as low as 43.64 kJ/mol, the yield of oil products was as high as 15.46 wt%, and the content of organic compounds in medium‐/low‐carbon hydrocarbon was as high as 71.50%. The prepared composite catalysts had low preparation cost, environmental friendliness, and significant catalytic effects, providing a feasible approach for the effective exploitation and utilization of oil shale.

With the gradual depletion of oil resources, it is urgent to vigorously develop unconventional and renewable energy sources. As an unconventional resource with abundant resources, the rational and efficient development of oil shale is of great significance to alleviating the national energy crisis. The main methods of oil shale development are surface dry distillation and in situ transformation. In situ catalytic conversion technology, as an emerging mining method, has the potential to improve efficiency, reduce costs, and environmental impact and is an important direction for future oil shale development. As a key component in the in situ conversion process, catalysts play a crucial role in the rate, selectivity, and product quality of the reaction. However, the research on oil shale pyrolysis catalysts is still in the laboratory stage and is difficult to translate into practical applications. Therefore, this paper reviews recent progress of catalyst research in the in situ catalytic conversion of oil shale, including the types, design principles, and reaction mechanisms of catalysts, and looks forward to the future development direction. It provides a certain reference for the discovery of new catalysts that can improve yield and reduce environmental pollution in the process of oil shale extraction and also provides a valuable technical reference for the green development and utilization of unconventional and strategic alternative energy sources in the world and the transformation and sustainable development of the global energy structure.

Presently, excessive carbon dioxide emissions represent a critical environmental challenge. Thus, urgent efforts are required to develop environmentally friendly and low-energy technologies for carbon dioxide treatment. In this case, membrane separation technology stands out as a promising avenue for CO₂ separation, with selective membrane materials of high permeability playing a pivotal role in this process. Herein, we categorize CO₂ separation membranes into three groups: inorganic membranes, organic membranes, and emerging membranes. Moreover, representative high-performance membranes are introduced and their synthesis methods, gas separation performances, and applications are examined. Furthermore, a brief analysis of the challenges encountered by carbon dioxide separation membrane materials is provided together with a discussion on the future research direction. It is expected that this review will provide some potential insights and guidance for the future development of CO₂ separation membranes, which can promote their development.

A catalyst with a simple synthetic process and good catalytic performance was prepared using Na2CO3 as the active component and ZSM-5 as the carrier for the resource utilization of waste cooking oil. The structure of Na2CO3/ZSM-5 was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy, and the effects of parameters such as Na2CO3 loading, catalyst percentage, and reaction time on the yield of fatty acid methyl esters were investigated. The results showed that the conversion of waste cooking oil to fatty acid methyl esters yielded up to 96.89% when the Na2CO3 loading was 35%, the reaction temperature was 65 degrees C, the reaction time was 2 h, and the catalyst percentage was 1 wt %. The Na2CO3/ZSM-5 catalyst could be used to replace H2SO4 or NaOCH3 in the industrial treatment of waste cooking oil for its resource utilization.

In this article, a novel “off–on” fluorescent probe 2‐(pyren‐1‐ylmethylene)‐1H‐indene‐1,3(2H)‐dione (PID) for Hg²⁺ was designed and synthesized. The selectivity, concentration titration, pH titration, time dependence, limit of detection, and recognition mechanism of PID for Hg²⁺ in CH₃CH₂OH/H₂O solution were also investigated. The results indicated that PID exhibited high selectivity, sensitivity, and fast response to Hg²⁺, and the limit of detection was as low as 20.7 nmol/L. In addition, PID could work in a wide pH range, and the determination of Hg²⁺ in water samples showed that it could be used as a potential detection tool in practical application.

A tandemreaction for the synthesis of phenanthrenes from arynesand alpha-(bromomethyl)styrenes is reported. The transformationproceeds via an ene reaction of alpha-(bromomethyl)styrenes witharynes, followed by a [4 + 2] cycloaddition reaction. The reactiongenerates 9-benzylphenanthrene derivatives in moderate to excellentyields.