Nguyễn Thị Thu Hương

Background: Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are common events in cancer therapy and may result in prolonged hospitalization or death. In Vietnam, there is a paucity of studies assessing the severity and preventability of ADRs using data from the regional pharmacovigilance system. This study was therefore carried out to characterize these ADRs, determine their severity, and assess their preventability. Methods: A retrospective, cross-sectional study of ADR reports related to anticancer drugs submitted to the Ho Chi Minh City Regional Drug Information and Pharmacovigilance Center, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, was conducted between January 1 and December 31, 2023. Causality between suspected drugs and ADRs was assessed using the World Health Organization–Uppsala Monitoring Centre (WHO-UMC) causality assessment system; eligible reports were further evaluated for preventability using the World Health Organization Preventability (WHO P-method). Results: A total of 291 reports were included in the analysis after excluding reports related to drug quality and those not associated with anticancer drugs. The results showed that female patients (212/291, 72.9%) experienced ADRs more frequently than male patients (76/291, 26.1%), with the 40–64 age group accounting for 54.3% (158/291) of cases. Causality assessment using the WHO scale identified 253 reports (86.9%), corresponding to 433 drug–ADR pairs, as having a causal relationship between the suspected drug and the ADR. These reports were subsequently evaluated for preventability, and 2 reports (0.8%) were determined to be preventable. The most common anticancer drugs causing ADRs were carboplatin (92/433, 21.2%) and paclitaxel (87/433, 20.1%). Non-serious ADRs accounted for 70.8% (179/253), whereas 18.2% (46/253) required hospitalization or prolonged hospital stay and 6.3% (16/253) resulted in death. Two cases (0.8%) were deemed preventable, attributed to a history of drug hypersensitivity (cisplatin) and therapeutic duplication (epirubicin). Conclusion: Most anticancer drug–related ADRs in this study were non-serious, although a considerable proportion still resulted in hospitalization or death. The identification of preventable ADRs highlights the need for ongoing monitoring and evaluation to inform appropriate preventive strategies and enhance patient safety in cancer treatment.

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá ảnh hưởng của thời gian và nhiệt độ nhuộm hematoxylin - eosin đến chất lượng tiêu bản mô sinh thiết dạ dày, từ đó đề xuất quy trình nhuộm tối ưu. Đối tượng và phương pháp: Nghiên cứu thực nghiệm trên 50 khối paraffin mô dạ dày sinh thiết, mỗi khối cắt 6 tiêu bản. Sử dụng thuốc nhuộm hematoxylin Gill’s II và eosin Y 1% alcoholic. Các tổ hợp thời gian nhuộm gồm: 5 - 3 phút, 5 - 1 phút và 3 - 1 phút (hematoxylin - eosin), thực hiện ở nhiệt độ 20-25°C và 60°C. Kết quả: Ở nhiệt độ phòng (20-25°C), tổ hợp hematoxylin 5 phút - eosin 3 phút cho chất lượng tốt nhất (84% tốt, 16% đạt); các tổ hợp còn lại xuất hiện tiêu bản không đạt (2% và 28%). Ở 60°C, tổ hợp 5 phút - 3 phút vẫn cho tỷ lệ tốt cao nhất (76%) và 4% không đạt; tổ hợp 5 phút - 1 phút có tỷ lệ tốt 66% và 6% không đạt; tổ hợp 3 phút - 1 phút đạt 68% tốt và 32% đạt, không có tiêu bản không đạt. Khi so sánh giữa các điều kiện, tổ hợp hematoxylin 5 phút - eosin 3 phút luôn cho tỷ lệ nhuộm tốt cao nhất (84% ở 20-25°C và 76% ở 60°C). Ở tổ hợp hematoxylin 5 phút - eosin 1 phút, tỷ lệ nhuộm tốt tăng từ 56% lên 66% khi tăng nhiệt độ; tương tự, tổ hợp hematoxylin 3 phút - eosin 1 phút cải thiện rõ rệt từ 18% lên 68% khi nhuộm ở 60°C. Kết luận: Thời gian và nhiệt độ nhuộm ảnh hưởng rõ rệt đến chất lượng tiêu bản hematoxylin - eosin. Quy trình tối ưu cho mô sinh thiết dạ dày là nhuộm hematoxylin Gill’s II 5 phút và eosin Y 1% alcoholic 3 phút ở nhiệt độ 20 - 25°C.

Murdannia medica (Lour.) D.Y. Hong, 1974, locally known in Vietnam as “Trường sâm”, is a perennial herbaceous species of Murdannia Royle (Commelinaceae) (Burns et al. 2011, Sengthong et al. 2025). ...

Early childhood education (ECE) in Vietnam remains a heavily feminized profession, deeply influenced by traditional gender stereotypes. This study employs an explanatory sequential mixed-methods design, involving a survey of 256 male teachers and 12 in-depth interviews, to examine their career motivations and professional commitment. Regression analysis reveals that gender stereotypes (β = 0.585, p < 0.001) and professional experiences (β = 0.249, p < 0.001) are the primary predictors of commitment. Findings highlight a significant paradox: despite high intrinsic motivation and positive perceptions of institutional equity, long-term commitment remains low due to persistent societal prejudice and “hyper-visibility” pressure. The study concludes that while schools provide a supportive institutional environment, sustainable workforce diversification requires both institutional and societal efforts to address persistent gender stereotypes. The findings suggest that strengthening the recruitment and retention of male preschool teachers depends on promoting inclusive professional cultures, reducing gender-based stigma, and ensuring that professional recognition and career development opportunities are grounded in demonstrated competencies rather than gendered assumptions. These findings contribute to contemporary debates on gender, professional identity, and workforce diversity in early childhood education.

Background: Cleistocalyx operculatus is a tradiƟonal medicinal plant widely consumed in Vietnam and known to contain various bioacƟve consƟtuents. However, comparaƟve data on the anƟbacterial acƟvity of its leaf essenƟal oil and solvent extracts remain limited. ObjecƟve: This study aimed to compare the anƟbacterial acƟvity of the essenƟal oil and different leaf extracts of C. operculatus against selected bacterial strains. Materials and methods: Dried leaves of C. operculatus were extracted by ultrasonic-assisted extracƟon using 50% ethanol, 70% ethanol, and disƟlled water. The total flavonoid content was determined using the UV-Vis spectrophotometric method. EssenƟal oil was obtained from fresh leaves by steam disƟllaƟon. AnƟbacterial acƟvity was evaluated against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, and Bacillus subƟlis ATCC 6633 using the agar diffusion method. Minimum inhibitory concentraƟon (MIC) values were determined by agar diluƟon. Results: The 70% ethanol extract showed the highest TFC (35.963 mg QE/g dry extract) and the strongest anƟbacterial acƟvity, parƟcularly against S. aureus (MIC 0.3125 mg/mL). The water extract exhibited moderate acƟvity, whereas the 50% ethanol extract showed limited effects. EssenƟal oil was acƟve only against Gram-posiƟve bacteria with MIC values of 0.50% against S. aureus and 1.00% against B. subƟlis Conclusion: The 70% ethanol extract demonstrated the greatest anƟbacterial potenƟal, while the leaf essenƟal oil exhibited selecƟve acƟvity against Gram-posiƟve bacteria. These findings support the potenƟal of C. operculatus leaves as a promising source of natural anƟbacterial agents for further invesƟgaƟon.

This study examines the indirect effects of job autonomy and job analysis on turnover intenƟons through conƟnuance commitment, framed by Social Exchange Theory. A cross-secƟonal survey was conducted across mulƟple industries, and data were analyzed using ParƟal Least Squares Structural EquaƟon Modeling (PLSSEM). The results demonstrate that job analysis clarity posiƟvely predicts conƟnuance commitment (β = 0.377), while autonomy shows a slight negaƟve relaƟonship (β = -0.147). In turn, conƟnuance commitment significantly reduces turnover intenƟons (β = -0.418), explaining 17.5% of its variance. These findings suggest that clear job roles strengthen employees' raƟonal investment in the organizaƟon, whereas high autonomy may enhance percepƟons of external mobility. The study contributes theoreƟcally by extending Social Exchange Theory and Job CharacterisƟcs Theory to explain how job design influences not only affecƟve but also calculaƟve forms of commitment. PracƟcally, the findings highlight that organizaƟons can improve retenƟon by providing role clarity and structuring autonomy in ways that develop job-specific experƟse and increase employees' perceived value of staying.

IntroducƟon: Dioscorea zingiberensis is a medicinal herb with significant nutriƟonal and pharmacological value. It is listed in both the Vietnam Red Data Book and the Red List of Medicinal Plants of Vietnam, and first idenƟfied in Chu Yang Sin NaƟonal Park, Dak Lak Province. ObjecƟve: This study aimed to invesƟgate the morphological and anatomical characterisƟcs of Dioscorea zingiberensis C.H.Wright collected from Chu Yang Sin NaƟonal Park, Dak Lak. Methods: Roots, stems, and leaves were idenƟfied based on morphological and anatomical analysis, combined with gene sequencing using the Sanger method. The obtained sequences were compared with reference sequences available in the GenBank database. Results: The results illustrated D. zingiberensis is an herbaceous, climbing plant with leŌ-twining stems; leaves are heart-shaped, alternate, and bear two small spines; the fruit is a capsule; and the rhizome is horizontal, light brown, and bears numerous hard, fibrous roots. The microscopic observaƟons of the stems, leaves, and roots revealed characterisƟc anatomical features of the genus Dioscorea, which help disƟnguish the species from closely related taxa. DNA sequencing results demonstrated a high degree of similarity between the studied sequence and the published D. zingiberensis sequences in GenBank, confirming accurate species idenƟficaƟon. Conclusion: This study established a reference dataset on the morphology, anatomy, and DNA barcode of D. zingiberensis collected from Chu Yang Sin, contribuƟng to the accurate idenƟficaƟon, conservaƟon, and sustainable uƟlizaƟon of Dioscorea geneƟc resources in Vietnam.

Background: Noni fruit (Morinda citrifolia) is widely used in tradiƟonal medicine for health support; however, quanƟtaƟve scienƟfic data on its acƟve consƟtuents remain limited. Previous studies have shown that flavonoids, polyphenols, coumarins, and scopoleƟn contribute to the biological acƟviƟes of Noni fruit, but their contents are strongly influenced by raw material origin, ripeness, and processing methods. The absence of quality and dosage standardizaƟon may affect therapeuƟc effecƟveness and safety. ObjecƟve: This study aimed to perform preliminary phytochemical screening, thin-layer chromatography (TLC), and quanƟtaƟve determinaƟon of total flavonoids, total polyphenols, and scopoleƟn in Noni fruit. Materials and methods: Noni fruits were collected from Mephydica Co., Ltd. The chemical composiƟon was evaluated using preliminary phytochemical screening and TLC. Total flavonoid content (TFC) and total polyphenol content (TPC) were determined using the aluminum chloride and Folin-Ciocalteu methods, respecƟvely. ScopoleƟn was quanƟfied by UV-Vis spectrophotometry. Results: Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of diverse bioacƟve compounds, including coumarins, saponins, and reducing agents. TLC analysis showed a chromatographic spot corresponding to the scopoleƟn reference standard. The TFC of the methanolic extract was 25.232 ± 0.023 mg QE/g dry extract, while the TPC was 6.413 ± 0.112 mg GAE/g dry extract. The scopoleƟn content was determined as 1.636 ± 0.05 mg/g dry extract. Conclusion: The study provides quanƟtaƟve data on flavonoids, polyphenols, and scopoleƟn in methanolic extracts of Noni fruit, supporƟng its tradiƟonal use and contribuƟng to quality standardizaƟon and future applied research.

This study examines the effecƟveness of role-playing as a pedagogical approach for enhancing language proficiency and intercultural communicaƟve competence (ICC) among university students majoring in Japanese, Chinese, and Korean at Hong Bang InternaƟonal University. Grounded in experienƟal learning theory and intercultural competence frameworks, the research adopted a mixed-methods design involving 120 parƟcipants across the three language majors. QuanƟtaƟve data were collected through pre- and post-tests assessing speaking performance, while qualitaƟve data were obtained from surveys, semi-structured interviews, and classroom observaƟons to contextualize learning outcomes. The results indicate overall improvements in learners' oral fluency, grammaƟcal accuracy, and interacƟonal ability following the roleplaying intervenƟon, with varying degrees of gain across the three language majors. Japanese majors demonstrated comparaƟvely higher post-test gains, while Chinese and Korean majors also showed consistent improvement. In terms of intercultural communicaƟve competence, students exhibited enhanced aƫtudinal openness, interpreƟve skills, and behavioral adaptability. QualitaƟve findings further suggest that role-playing supported contextualized language use and increased learner engagement, although challenges related to vocabulary limitaƟons and performance anxiety remained. These findings highlight the pedagogical value of role-playing in fostering both linguisƟc development and intercultural awareness in foreign language educaƟon. The study contributes empirical evidence supporƟng the systemaƟc integraƟon of role-play acƟviƟes into language curricula, parƟcularly for high-context languages and mulƟlingual classroom contexts.