Azimjon Uralovich Choriev

In this study, an efficient and regioselective synthetic method was developed for the preparation of 3-hydroxy-3-((2-(naphthalen-2-yloxy)-2-oxoethoxy)carbonyl)pentanedioic acid, a multifunctional ether–ester compound of potential interest for pharmaceutical and material science applications. The target compound was synthesized via the nucleophilic substitution (SN2) and esterification reactions of 2-naphthyl chloroacetate with the monosodium salt of citric acid. Optimization of the reaction conditions was carried out by varying the molar ratio of the reagents, reaction temperature, and duration. The highest yield of 83% was achieved under the conditions of a 2:1 molar ratio of chloroacetate to citrate, a temperature of 70–80 °C, and a reaction time of 6 h. The enhanced product yield observed under these conditions is attributed to the dual reactivity of the citric acid monosodium salt, which contains a free hydroxyl group capable of undergoing SN2 etherification, and free carboxylic acid groups that participate in esterification with the electrophilic 2-naphthyl chloroacetate. The stoichiometric 2:1 ratio ensures that both reactive centers on the citrate anion are fully utilized, leading to efficient and selective transformation into the desired product. Mechanistically, the ether bond formation proceeds through the classical Williamson ether synthesis pathway, where the alkoxide formed from the hydroxyl group attacks the electrophilic carbon of the chloroacetate, displacing the chloride ion. Concurrently, esterification enhances molecular complexity and stability. The results underline the synthetic utility of citric acid derivatives in forming complex organic architectures via environmentally benign routes. This study not only contributes a practical approach to multifunctional molecule synthesis but also reinforces the applicability of green chemistry principles in ester–ether coupling strategies.

The catalytic chloroacetylation of phenol and methoxyphenols was studied using FeCl₃ and FeCl₃·6H₂O as Lewis acid catalysts to assess the effect of catalyst hydration on selectivity. Both catalysts effectively promoted the reaction, but FeCl₃ favored O-acylation, while FeCl₃·6H₂O enhanced C-acylation to hydroxyphenacyl chlorides. Spectroscopic analyses (IR, UV–Vis, NMR) confirmed product structures and reaction pathways. Methoxy substitution significantly affected regioselectivity through resonance and inductive effects. The results demonstrate that catalyst hydration critically controls reactivity and product distribution, offering insights for selective synthesis of chloroacetylated aromatics relevant to pharmaceutical and fine chemical applications.

The synthesis and rearrangement reactions of 2-methoxyphenyl chloroacetate in the presence of low amounts of catalysts to form o- and p-hydroxy-3-methoxyph

Mazkur maqolada 4-xlorfenilxloratsetatning gall kislota bilan oddiy va murakkab efirlar hosil qilish imkoniyatlari tahliliy va eksperimental bayon etildi. Unda reaksiyaning borish sharoitiga urgʻu berildi. Sintez qilingan moddalarning tarkibi va tuzilishi IQ, YaMR 1H va YaMR 13C -spektroskopiya usullari bilan tasdiqlangan.

The aim of the study is to develop a convenient method for the synthesis of O-chloroacetylthymol and to propose the mechanism of the O-chloroacetylation reaction. Thin-layer chromatography of chloroacetylation and nucleophilic substitution reaction products was studied and their composition was confirmed by reference substances. Nucleophilic exchange reactions of O-chloroacetylthymol with sodium oxalate, sodium tartrate, potassium rhodanides were studied. Favorable conditions for carrying out the nucleophilic exchange reaction were searched and 3 new substances unknown in the literature were synthesized. The structure of the synthesized substances was proved by IR and NMR spectra.

In this study, hexamethylenetetramine mono- and di(p-methoxyphenylacetochloride) synthesis is presented in a clear and effective manner. Under mild conditions, p-methoxyphenylacetyl chloride and hexamethylenetetramine undergo a synthesis reaction. By adjusting the reactant and reaction conditions, the mono- and di-substituted products were produced selectively. The reaction of 4-methoxyphenylchloroacetate with various amines is a nucleophilic exchange reaction, and it was found that these reactions can proceed under normal conditions at the liquefaction temperature of the solvent. Before carrying out these reactions, the properties of amines were studied briefly. It can be found that the activity of the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen atom of amines depends on the nature of the group attached to the nitrogen. This relationship was expressed by Menshutkin’s kinetic equation and Arrinius’ equations. In addition, it became known that the reactions can be carried out easily due to the activity of the electrons that are not involved in the bond. To study the reactivity of tertiary amines, uratropin was chosen and its 4-methoxyphenylchloroacetate was reacted at 1:1 and 1:2 ratios, and the products were isolated. When the spectra of the obtained substances were analyzed, it was proven that a new substance was formed with the presence of an absorption region characteristic of the N-substituted amine group.

The purpose of the research is study of the reaction between natrium salt of oxalic acid and O-chloracetyl tymole in presence of dimethylformamide. High yields have been achieved by the reaction of di(2-isopropyl-5-methylphenylcarboxymethylene)oxalates in the presence of dimethylformamide as a solvent. The structure of the prepared compounds are installed by means of IR and NMR spectroscopy.

The process of interaction of organic substances mainly occurs in solvent environments. Therefore, the effect of solvents on the o-chloroacetylation process was studied. For this, the reaction process of triatomic phenol-pyrogallol with chloroethyl chloride in various solvents was studied. In order to study the reaction with pyrogallol chloroacetyloride in various solvents, the compound was subjected to chromatographic, UV, IR, and NMR analyses.

The most prevalent element in nature is iron, which is also one of the essential, active macroelements. Today, photometric techniques are frequently employed to identify harmful and extremely poisonous heavy metals. Due to its sensitivity, simplicity, and short analysis time, this approach is extremely important. The technique of photometrically determining Fe(III) was devised, and the ideal conditions for the formation of a complex of Fe(III) with 2-napthylcarboxymethylne citrate reagent were explored. The following steps were taken during the photometric determination of Fe (III) using 2-napthylcarboxymethylcitrate: the selection of a light filter, the dependence of complex formation on environmental acidity, dependence on the composition of the buffer solution, dependence on the composition of the reagent, the field of obedience to Ber’s law, the ratio of the component moles of the complex, the Sendal sensitivity, the lowest detection limit of Fe(III), the molar extinction coefficient, and the technique of photometrically determining Fe(III).

The chemical reaction of O-chloroacetylthymol with the sodium salt of tartaric acid in the presence of dimethylformamide and hexamethylphosphoramide (HMPA) as solvents is described in this article, along with the findings of physico-chemical analysis to confirm the structure of the resulting chemical compounds. Hexamethylphosphoramide was found to be present in the chemical reactions which were proven to have the greatest yields (HMPA).