Ismu Rini Dwi Ari

This study examines the relationship between social capital and farmer group members' participation in the Rice Barn Program in Pendem Village, Junrejo District, Batu City, East Java, Indonesia, a community-based food security initiative encompassing irrigation management, agricultural extension, and post-harvest processing. A quantitative cross-sectional survey was conducted from January to March 2025, involving 193 farmer group members selected through accidental sampling from a population of 386. Data were collected via structured questionnaires and analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling–Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS). Confirmatory Factor Analysis confirmed that social capital was validly represented by three dimensions, trust, social norms, and social networks, after removing two low-loading network indicators, with all constructs meeting convergent validity (AVE > 0.50) and reliability (CR > 0.70) criteria. SEM results showed that social capital was positively and significantly associated with farmer participation (β = 0.456; t = 7.319; p < 0.001), explaining 69.2% of the variance in participation (R² = 0.692). Trust emerged as the strongest contributing dimension, followed by social networks and social norms. These findings indicate that stronger social capital, particularly trust-based relationships, enhances farmer participation in village-based agricultural development programs. This study contributes empirical and methodological insights into social capital's role in participatory rural food security, including clarification on interpreting path coefficients, R², and effect size (f²) in PLS-SEM analysis.

Connectivity, patch density, and spatial patterns of green-blue spaces are critical for cooling efficiency, yet their performance is strongly modulated by local climate, urban form, and species selection. Despite the increasing recognition of urban heat islands (UHIs) as a pressing challenge in tropical highland cities, research efforts have been constrained by a lack of standardized, multi-scale, and policy-integrated approaches. This study employs spatial modeling approaches using multiview imagery to enhance UHI prediction and Local Climate Zone (LCZ) mapping accuracy. By integrating three-dimensional (3D) spatial models with LCZ frameworks and advanced machine learning techniques, the analysis provides a nuanced understanding of urban thermal dynamics in tropical highland contexts. The findings demonstrate that the spatial configuration and connectivity of both green and blue infrastructures are pivotal for cooling efficiency, while contextual factors such as local climate variations and urban morphology—including tree species selection and building density—play critical roles in modulating mitigation outcomes. However, methodological inconsistencies and limited attention to tropical highland contexts underscore the urgent need for comprehensive, scale-appropriate, and policy-relevant research to support climate-resilient urban development strategies in these regions.

Bangelan Tourism Village in Indonesia holds significant potential as a tourist destination that delivers both economic and social benefits to the local community. This study focuses on the role of social capital as a key factor in the success of sustainable tourism development. The theoretical framework of this research centres on social capital, which includes trust, social networks and norms as essential elements that facilitate collective action between communities and the government to achieve sustainable tourism. Social capital, in its connection to sustainable tourism, enables coordination and collaboration among local stakeholders to pursue common goals. Uniquely, this study demonstrates that community‐driven collective action, supported by social capital, is more effective than government‐initiated programmes in advancing sustainable tourism in rural Indonesia, filling a gap in the existing literature. Data were collected via questionnaires from 261 heads of households in Bangelan Tourism Village and analysed using the structural equation modelling (SEM) partial least square (PLS) method. The results indicate that social capital, represented by trust, social networks and norms, has a strong positive influence on collective action. In turn, collective action has an even stronger impact on achieving sustainable tourism. The practical implications underscore the importance of strengthening social capital to promote active community participation in tourism management, through strategies such as community training and policies that foster mutual cooperation. This research provides a significant contribution to the literature on the relationship between social capital, collective action and sustainable tourism development, offering valuable insights for policymakers seeking to strengthen social capital in support of sustainable rural tourism.

This study investigates the influence of human intellectual and social capital on the reciprocity (mutual exchange) between non-tourist populations and actors in the Kampung Coklat tourism of Plosorejo village, Indonesia. The existence of a sense of trust, mutual respect, and social networks between communities are important values in the dimension of social capital and form interchange between communities. The question in this research is whether interpersonal trust has a beneficial impact on relationship social capital and whether the existence of trust, social networks, and social norms has a beneficial impact on community reciprocity. The findings indicate that social capital is pivotal in advancing cocoa tourism, especially for individuals not directly involved in the tourism industry.

Social capital is a key element in sustainable development and natural resource management. In the context of clean water management, an in-depth understanding of social capital can reveal the dynamics of social interactions between individuals and groups in the community. Social capital includes aspects of trust, social networks, and social norms that shape the way people interact and cooperate. This research aims to evaluate the condition of community social capital in utilizing clean water in Pagak District through SEM-PLS analysis. A questionnaire survey was conducted on 267 households, distributed proportionately in each village in Pagak District. The research results show that most of the factors studied reflect the condition of social capital. However, there are several factors that were considered immaterial and were removed from the analysis model. These factors include trust in individuals with different ethnic or cultural backgrounds, cultural activities in the village, and payment of water source maintenance fees. This research emphasizes the need for a holistic and collaborative research approach to understand the social capital of village communities in the context of clean water management, involving various scientific disciplines and stakeholders.

Park and ride (P&R)is the right strategy to overcome transportation problems in metropolitan cities with high mobility levels to realize smart mobility. The three main goals of P&R are to reduce congestion levels, increase public transportation use, and improve urban space quality. The provision of parking capacity is one of the success factors in the planning of the P&R facility. Therefore it is necessary to calculate the parking space requirement in P&R. The research was conducted at Sidoarjo Station, the most significant origin station in Sidoarjo Regency, and a recommended P&R location. This study aims to calculate parking space requirements and facilities for the existing conditions and projections when P&R operates. Data were collected through primary surveys in the form of observations on parking characteristics at Sidoarjo Station and secondary surveys in literature studies. The results of the study indicate that the existing condition of the parking facility at Sidoarjo Station has exceeded the parking capacity, so to accommodate the need for parking space, it is necessary to increase the parking area of 96 m2 in the existing condition up to 413 m2 or 5,923 m2 for the next ten years.JEL Classification L91; O18; R41

Pujon Kidul and Bangelan villages (Indonesia) are two tourist villages that have succeeded in developing agricultural potential associated with tourism activities. The characteristics of Pujon Kidul Village and Bangelan Village refer to the tourism activities in the villages. This study aims to find out how community social capital can influence collective action in dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic in Pujon Kidul Tourism Village and Bangelan Tourism Village. This study uses the structural equation model (SEM) method, which is applied to the SEM, PLS (Partial Least Square) and AMOS (Analysis of Moment Structures) software to get complete results. The results of the analysis, Bangelan Village and Pujon Kidul Village are models that can survive in a pandemic crisis situation. The results of the model show that social capital in dealing with a pandemic in Bangelan Village is most influenced by trust in the government, while in Pujon Kidul Village it is most influenced by trust among fellow communities. The existence of social capital plays a role in decision-making on collective actions to deal with pandemics in tourist villages. Thus, by knowing how the community is recovering during the COVID-19 pandemic, businesses can run smoothly and according to government policy.

Background: Malang City is a city that has a function as an area of education, industry, trade, and services so that it is experiencing fairly rapid development. These developments often only pursue economic and social aspects, causing problems in environmental aspects. Research purposes: Assessing the environmental sustainability index in all urban villages in Malang City, analyze the indicators that affect the environmental sustainability index in all urban villages in Malang City and prepare recommendations for improving environmental sustainability in Malang City. Research methods: The method used is Multi-Dimensional Scaling (MDS) through the Rapid Appraisal for Sustainable Development (RAP-SUSDEV) ordination technique approach modified from RAPFISH, which is a sustainability analysis used to determine status and identify sensitive indicators in the process of knowing sustainability. The MDS method can provide stable results compared to multivariate analysis methods such as factor analysis. Research results: The results of the index display indicators that are sensitive or have an effect on sustainability, which are useful as reference materials in compiling recommendations for improving environmental sustainability in Malang City. Conclusion: The urban areas that have the highest environmental sustainability index values are Tasikmadu and Tunggulwulung Urban Villages with very sustainable status. Meanwhile, the kelurahan that has the smallest environmental sustainability index value is Kotalama Urban Village with unsustainable status. The results of the leverage analysis show that the factors that have a significant effect on environmental sustainability are anticipation and mitigation efforts, namely as many as 23 urban villages. Based on the analysis that has been done, the recommendations for improving environmental sustainability in Malang City are prioritized to build anticipation and mitigation efforts such as early warning systems, safety equipment, and signs, and disaster evacuation routes. The prioritized recommendations were taken based on the most recommendations given to 57 urban villages in Malang City.

Poverty is the inability to meet the basic needs of life, both for food, clothing, and shelter that might happiness of the people’s life. By collecting both primary and secondary data, the main objective of this study is to determine the level of happiness of the people divided into poor and non-poor households, so that this research might bring a better understanding of poverty in Indonesia, with special case of Kedungkandang District, Malang City through the measurement of Happiness Index covering three dimensions. Happiness threshold is at a scale of 60-79,9 namely Happy level, result research indicates that the district has a quite happy level for the people whole live in it with an average value of the HI at about 44.62. Some important variables to be noticed from the three dimensions are the LSI indicates that in general district residents have higher social satisfaction than their personal, the LAI whereby variables of unworried and undepressed at some sub-districts indicate the very low value, and the LMI wherein neighborhood control has the very low value. For future research, it seems important to scrutinize the social structure of the community to find better possibilities on dealing with poverty through their social ties.