Cristiane Matté

Dietary polyphenols’ role in early life is not clear. While accumulating studies show both beneficial and deleterious effects of maternal consumption of these bioactive compounds on offspring’s adult health, very few studies have focused on the impact of paternal consumption. In addition, the potential interaction of combined parental polyphenol consumption is still not known. Thus, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of maternal (gestation/lactation) and/or paternal (preconception) blackberry polyphenol (anthocyanins, ellagitannins, and quercetin) methanolic extract consumption on C57BL/6 female mice offspring. Blackberry polyphenol consumption by fathers improved their sperm production and increased fertility. Blackberry polyphenol consumption by fathers, but not mothers, increased their plasma antioxidant capacity. All parental interventions decreased offspring perinatal mortality, with combined fathers’ and mothers’ polyphenol consumption exerting the most pronounced effects. Paternal or maternal polyphenol consumption decreased plasma total antioxidant capacity in the female offspring. On the other hand, combined parental consumption had opposing effects on the offspring. Only maternal polyphenol interventions increased glucose tolerance in the female offspring. These data only partially confirm our hypothesis that combined paternal and maternal polyphenol intervention would lead to better outcomes in the offspring. These results further show that blackberry polyphenols’ effects on offspring health depend on whether their consumption occurred through the father, mother, or both. This suggests that in order to promote long-term health in descendants, nutritional interventions, including those with polyphenols, should target not only the mother but also the future father.

Context: The Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) concept suggests that early-life interventions significantly influence the long-term health outcomes of offspring. Emerging evidence supports that maternal physical exercise and balanced nutrition can positively impact the health of the next generation. Aims: This study investigated the effects of maternal swimming combined with postnatal high-fat, high-sugar (HFHS) diet on the ovarian health of adult female Wistar rat offspring. Methods: Adult female Wistar rats performed swimming exercise in a controlled temperature environment (32°C, 2% bodyweight overload adjusted daily) during 4 weeks, starting 1 week prior mating. The female offspring received a control or HFHS diet from postnatal day (PND) 21 to PND 90. We analyzed offspring’s body weight, ovarian histomorphology, redox status, and associated molecular pathways 5′ adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPKα), forkhead box O3 (FoxO3), and mitofusin 1 (Mfn-1). Key results: Our findings reveal that maternal swimming exerted an effect on offspring body weight gain, delaying it. Individually, maternal exercise reduced superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and mitofusin-1 levels, while the postnatal HFHS diet alone decreased both SOD and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities and increased the pFOXO3a/FOXO3a ratio in the ovaries. Conclusions: We showed that combination of maternal swimming with a 2% overload and a postnatal HFHS diet can negatively affect the ovarian redox balance in offspring. Implications: Prenatal and postnatal lifestyle might affect reproductive function in females.

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the separate provision of green and oregano tea extracts on the biomarkers of the redox state and health condition in pre-weaned Jersey calves from birth to 60 days of life. Two experiments following the complete randomized design with measures repeated in time were carried out using 38 Jersey calves (17 and 21 calves in experiments 1 and 2, respectively). Calves were distributed according to date of birth into one of three groups: control (CON) - with no addition of extracts; oregano extract (OE) - addition of 70 mg of oregano extract/kg of body weight (BW) and green tea extract (GT) - addition of 35 mg of green tea extract/kg of BW. Eight biomarkers of the redox state were evaluated on days 1, 30, and 60 after birth, and variables measured on day 1 were used as covariates. Body temperature and occurrence of diarrhea were evaluated every two days. Regarding the main results, the supply of oregano extract reduced the concentration of oxidizing biomarkers, such as DCFP (oxidation of dichlorofluorescein in plasma) and carbonyl, and increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes, such as GPx and catalase. Green tea extract only reduced DCFP and tended to improve catalase activity. Calves remained healthy (no fever and only a few days with diarrhea), and plant extracts did not improve their health condition. The addition of green tea and oregano extracts into the diet has a positive effect on redox status in pre-weaned Jersey calves. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar os efeitos do fornecimento separado de extratos de chá verde e orégano sobre os biomarcadores do estado redox e condição de saúde em bezerras Jersey durante o seu aleitamento, desde o nascimento até 60 dias de vida. Foram realizados dois experimentos seguindo o delineamento completamente casualizado com medidas repetidas no tempo, utilizando 38 bezerros Jersey (17 e 21 bezerros nos experimentos 1 e 2, respectivamente). Os bezerros foram distribuídos de acordo com a data de nascimento em um dos três grupos: controle (CON) - sem adição de extratos; extrato de orégano (OE) - adição de 70 mg de extrato de orégano/kg de peso corporal (PV) e extrato de chá verde (GT) - adição de 35 mg de extrato de chá verde/kg de peso corporal. Oito biomarcadores do estado redox foram avaliados nos dias 1, 30 e 60 após o nascimento. A temperatura corporal e a ocorrência de diarreia foram avaliadas a cada dois dias. Quanto aos principais resultados, o fornecimento de extrato de orégano reduziu a concentração dos biomarcadores oxidantes, como DCFP (oxidação da diclorofluoresceína no plasma) e carbonila, e aumentou a atividade das enzimas antioxidantes, como GPx e catalase. O extrato de chá-verde reduziu apenas DCFP e tendeu a melhorar a atividade da catalase. Os bezerros permaneceram saudáveis (sem febre e apresentando diarreia por apenas alguns dias) e os extratos de plantas não melhoraram sua condição de saúde. A adição de extrato de chá verde e de orégano na dieta exerceu efeito positivo no status redox em bezerros Jersey em aleitamento.

Dietary polyphenol consumption is associated with a wide range of neuroprotective effects by improving mitochondrial function and signaling. Consequently, the use of polyphenol supplementation has been investigated as an approach to prevent neurodevelopmental diseases during gestation; however, the data obtained are still very inconclusive, mostly because of the difficulty of choosing the correct doses and period of administration to properly prevent neurodegenerative diseases without undermining normal brain development. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the effect of naringin supplementation during the third week of gestation on mitochondrial health and signaling in the cerebellum of 21-day-old offspring. The offspring born to naringin-supplemented dams displayed higher mitochondrial mass, membrane potential, and superoxide content in the cerebellum without protein oxidative damage. Such alterations were associated with dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1) and phosphorylated AKT (p-AKT) downregulation, whereas the sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) levels were strongly upregulated. Our findings suggest that high dietary polyphenol supplementation during gestation may reduce mitochondrial fission and affect mitochondrial dynamics even 3 weeks after delivery via SIRT3 and p-AKT. Although the offspring born to naringin dams did not present neurobehavioral defects, the mitochondrial alterations elicited by naringin may potentially interfere during neurodevelopment and need to be further investigated. Maternal naringin supplementation during pregnancy affects mitochondrial fission and increases mitochondrial functionality and superoxide production in the cerebellum of 21-day-old offspring. The mitochondrial alterations were associated with sirtuin 3 upregulation and reduced p-AKT. Our findings show that high polyphenol intake during pregnancy alters mitochondrial physiology and might induce neurogenesis alterations.image

We aimed to evaluate the effects of the addition of oregano (Origanum vulgare) or green tea (Camellia sinensis L.) extracts (separately and associated) on feed intake, milk production, and hematological and antioxidant profiles of dairy cows. For that purpose, 16 Holstein and 16 Holstein-Gyr cows with 526.3±10.2 kg and within the first third of lactation were distributed according to a complete block design with measurements repeated in time. Treatments were control (CON), addition of 0.056% of oregano extract (OR), [...] ABSTRACT We aimed to evaluate the effects of the addition of oregano (Origanum vulgare) or green tea (Camellia sinensis L.) extracts (separately and associated) on feed intake, milk production, and hematological and antioxidant profiles of dairy cows. For that purpose, 16 Holstein and 16 Holstein-Gyr cows with 526.3±10.2 kg and within the first third of lactation were distributed according to a complete block design with measurements repeated in time. Treatments were control (CON), addition of 0.056% of oregano extract (OR),

Scope: Maternal separation (MS), may cause depressive-like behavior in adulthood energy metabolism dysfunction appears to be a key factor in this pathophysiology. Olive oil (OO) consumption may be a strategy for improving energy metabolism. Our aim was to investigate if a maternal OO-enrich diet during pregnancy/lactation could attenuate MS effects on depressive-like behavior and energy metabolism in the dorsal hippocampus (DH) of adult male and female rats.