Elena Nikolaevna Sheremetyeva

The problem of the high resource intensity of research and development (R&D) processes in the field of intellectual transport systems (ITS) is caused by the lack of replicated “boxed” solutions, the high degree of uncertainty of research tasks and the shortage of highly specialized specialists. In conditions of tight product release cycles and limited human resources, the involvement of leading engineers in testing search hypotheses and early prototyping is accompanied by significant alternative costs and a decrease in the efficiency of core operating activities. Based on the theory of organizational ambidexterity, a management model is proposed that assumes an institutional separation of the flows of “exploitation” (support and development of a stable product) and “exploration” (R&D activities). A key element of the model is a mechanism for delegating mathematically and algorithmically complex research tasks to interns under the methodical guidance of a mentor, which allows isolating the research context from operational turnover and minimizing risks to the core product. The proposed approach was tested as part of the development of the correspondence matrix calculation module on the Netvision platform. A mathematical model of the problem based on the transformation of video data into an oriented graph in which vertices correspond to camera clusters is described, and the edges correspond to weighted displacement flows. A prototype (Proof of Concept) and a web-based visualization interface were implemented, which made it possible to identify and systematize specific artifacts of video analytics data, including time drifts and geo-positioning errors. It is shown that the proposed model provides a multiple reduction in the cost of prototyping not only due to differences in the level of remuneration, but also by maintaining the full-time team's focus on high-value-added tasks. The conclusion is made about the need to transform the HR strategy of R&D-oriented companies: sustainable scaling of the model requires priority selection of candidates with a strong fundamental background, since the quality of interns' human capital is becoming a critical factor in technological orientation and the pace of innovative development.

The relevance of the current problem, which related to the competitiveness of sanitary products in Russia, is analyzed. The main interpretations of the concept of product competitiveness are presented. Based on these interpretations, the author’s definition of this concept is formulated, identified as a set of characteristics that provide the ad-vantages for products over similar goods. The analysis of sanitary product market highlights the features of competition in this industrial sector and identifies trends in the development of Russian market. The most significant issues are emphasized and examined their role in ensuring the competitiveness of products and enterprises. Special attention is paid to the study of price competition. The reason is the increasing import of cheap sanitary goods from other countries. Manufacturer’s price index over the past 6 years based on official data from Rosstat is analyzed. Possible reasons of increasing prices in 2024 is given in the article. A schematic of the author’s typology of key factors, which have a significant impact on competitiveness in this industry, is presented in the article. The particular attention is paid to the digital factors of product competitiveness. There provided the main elements of digital factors and their implementation in order to increase competitive advantages. The concept of digital competitiveness is considered, moreover, its key elements, which allow products to be more competitive in the sanitary market, are explored. Renovation of product and the use of Big Data are highlighted as the most important components of digital competitiveness. Conclusions about the need of implement digital technologies to ensure the competitiveness in the current conditions are made

The issues of studying the concept of media management from the point of view of its use as a tool for managing the digital transformation of business processes and the economy as a whole are considered. Approaches to the definition and content of the term “media management” are analyzed, the specifics and conditions for digitalization of the media market are explored. The key factors determining the further active development of media management and the media environment are identified, and the content of the digital transformation of the media market is revealed. The most relevant models of modern media management in digital management have been identified. The attention is paid to the study of such issues as key factors in the development of media management; media management as an integrated management tool; media as a tool for managing the digital economy; trends in digital transformation and development of media tools. Scientific works devoted to this problem have been studied. The characteristic features of media management as a modern methodology for managing business development and list promising ways to organize the management process, types and tools for using media in digital management are highlighted. An analysis of the current state of the media market is carried out, as well as a forecast for its further development within the framework of the domestic digital economy. The most promising areas of media management are proposed and key trends in media management are listed. Media management at its core is a direction of the digital economy, the transition to which has received significant attention as part of the development of the domestic system of expanded reproduction. Media management as a modern management tool is a rather multifaceted concept that largely determines the trends in the further development of the domestic media market and the digitalization of the modern economy. The growth of the media market contributes to an even more active digital reorientation of basic economic and business processes.

Creating effective digital strategies is important for the enterprise business environment, it is becoming part of the competition: the pace and depth of digital transformation increasingly determine the enterprise competitiveness. Transformational logic requires rethinking not only approaches to business, but the entire management process. The goals of the enterprise digital strategy at any level must be in agreement with the strategic priorities. There have been identified the basic models of the enterprise digital transformation, proved the connection between the goals, as well as models and strategies of digital transformation. It is significant that the transformational logic requires rethinking business approaches to improve the efficiency of existing models and business processes in the modern Russian econ-omy. Digital transformation should become a meaningful strategic process in the context of the progressive moderni-zation of the digital economy. Digital transformation should be seen as part of a corporate strategy formed through strategic analysis and having measurable goals. A model of technological development horizons is proposed as a promising direction for the strategic map of business modification in the digital environment. Main provisions of the digital strategy are considered, the tasks and stages of developing a digital strategy with a roadmap are defined. The digi-tal strategy is found to determine the operational effectiveness of the business model of the enterprise management.

Currently, a digital transformation of all spheres of the Russian economy is taking place. Program documents for the digitalization of the country and the development of the forestry complex should be considered from a unified systemic standpoint, taking into account the interests of not only the state, but also business. The article discusses the problems of staffing the forestry industry, digital processes in the organization of forestry. An attempt is made to analyze the state of educational organizations that train specialists in this area and the problems that arise in the industry on the way of its transformation.

The article considers the issues of digital transformation of higher education. The approaches to the definition and content of the term “digital transformation” are analyzed, the specifics and conditions of digitalization of the economy and the development of higher education are investigated. As prerequisites for the digital transformation of higher education, one can designate not only the penetration into the educational field of various information technologies that have changed the learning process itself, but also a number of regulatory legal acts. The reasons for the digital transformation of universities are identified. There are considered the issues of the modern content of digital technologies in higher education and a set of digital competencies that a university teacher must master. The experience of individual universities (Tyumen State University, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Toliatti State University) in building a digital educational environment has been analyzed. The digital transformation of higher education involves the restructuring of all areas of activity based on information and communication technologies. Changes should take place in technologies and training programs, methods and means, forms of educational activities, planned educational outcomes, and assessment results. It is noted that digital competencies are a set of skills and knowledge necessary to carry out professional activities using digital technologies. There have been listed the digital competencies that the future university graduates should master: working with applied programs, digital equipment, digital information, communication skills in a digital environment, self-writing software, creating their own digital products, working in various programs, etc. Retraining the teaching staff implies developing advanced training programs aimed at mastering digital competencies that are in demand by the digital economy, and which must be formed among university graduates. It has been inferred that the totality of information systems, digital devices, sources, interfaces, services, which are developed and aimed at implementing the educational process and university management, constitutes a digital educational environment.

The article examines the formation and management of innovative ecosystems in the digital economy. Approaches to determining and content of the term “innovation ecosystem” are analyzed, the specifics and conditions of management of innovative ecosystems are investigated. There has been analyzed the concept of ecosystem as a complex self-organizing, self-regulating, self-sufficient system. There have been considered the research works devoted to innovative systems. The innovation ecosystems are viewed by scientists as the effective cooperation mechanisms aimed at combining individual proposals from different firms into a single customer-oriented proposal. In terms of a systematic approach the innovation ecosystem is defined as a living social organism, which is continuously changing under the influence of agents' behavior and the business units of the ecosystem. One of the key conditions for effective functioning of the innovation ecosystem is the use of innovation management methods. The choice or combination of ways to interact to manage an ecosystem depends on three things: the ecosystem strategy, the market environment, and the general risk appetite of agents and business units. An important aspect of ecosystem management is training of qualified personnel with a completely new type of thinking. Ecosystem manageability is found to dependent on the ability of professionals to adapt to the rapidly changing economic conditions and to continuously improve their skills. It has been inferred that the innovation ecosystem is a complex production and commercial structure, the functioning of which is associated with the unification of various kinds of business units, educational and scientific organizations to develop innovative products and services using advanced technologies, including digital ones.

Modern digital transformation of the economy is impossible without the development of innovative knowledge, competencies, network interaction. Technological modernization of eco-nomic processes determines changing demands of a society to the professional and personal quali-ties of a person. Currently, every specialist who wants to be successful in an organization must have specific digital competencies. The key factor of digital transformations is developing digital education and culture, modernizing the strategy and format of educational programs. The transition to a digital model of economic development involves a high concentration of knowledge-intensive production, knowledge, competencies and technologies. A variety of new terms used in scientific and journalistic works devoted to digital technologies leads to difficulties in understanding the phenomena of the digital economy. The terminology and scope of the conceptual apparatus of the digital economy have been clarified; the differences in research approaches in relation to the interpretation of the categorical apparatus have been discussed. The terms, such as digital management, digital marketing, digital hygiene, digital leaders, digital talents, digital maturity, etc. are updated. Clarification of the conceptual apparatus allows to formulate the actual competencies, knowledge and skills for training the qualified personnel that meet the modern requirements of technological modernization. The necessity of introducing project-based learning, adapting the educational process to the realities of transforming business models is noted. Attention is focused on the importance of forming soft-skills for personal development, individualization of the educational trajectory and construction of career navigation. The necessity of the continuous development of personal profiles of digital and super professional competencies in terms of implementing the “education throughout life” paradigm has been substantiated.