Rajeshkumar Ghemarbhai Chaudhari

Azo dyes constitute the biggest group of synthetic dyes utilized in textile industries and hence present a big problem to the environment because of their recalcitrant nature and possible toxicity. The work aims at studying the biodegradation capability of Cladosporium sp. in decolorization of azo dyes with regard to optimizing the process conditions as well as the possible degradation pathways. Cladosporium sp. exhibited significant decolorization ability on a wide range of azo dyes, and the optimization experiments indicated that the best decolorization activity was noticed under pH 6.5, temperature 30 C and under specific carbon and nitrogen source addition. There were two phenomena of biosorption and biodegradation revealed by the fungal strain and it was confirmed by spectroscopic analysis that the structure of the dye molecules was transformed. Methyl Red was decolorized with a maximum efficiency of 78 % based on the systematic optimization of physicochemical parameters. Kinetic The kinetic analysis indicated first-order degradation kinetics with rate constants between 0.0534 and 0.0847 day -1. The research proves the possibility of using Cladosporium sp. as a promising bioremediation agent in the textile wastewater treatment.

Cholera, a disease caused by the Vibrio cholerae bacteria, threatens public health worldwide. The organism mentioned above has a significant historical record of being identified as a prominent aquatic environmental pollutant capable of adapting its phenotypic and genotypic traits to react to host patients effectively. This study aims to elucidate the heterogeneity of the sporadic clinical strain of V. cholerae VC01 among patients residing in Silvasa. The study involved conducting whole-genome sequencing of the isolate obtained from patients exhibiting symptoms, including those not commonly observed in clinical practice. The strain was initially identified through a combination of biochemical analysis, microscopy, and 16s rRNA-based identification, followed by type strain-based identification. The investigation demonstrated the existence of various genetic alterations and resistance profiles against multiple drugs, particularly chloramphenicol (catB9), florfenicol (floR), oxytetracycline (tet(34)), sulfonamide (sul2), and Trimethoprim (dfrA1). The pan-genomic analysis indicated that 1099 distinct clusters were detected within the genome sequences of recent isolates worldwide. The present study helps to establish a correlation between the mutation and the coexistence of antimicrobial resistance toward current treatment.