Huong Ho

Community-based tourism enterprises (CBTEs) play an important role in supporting local livelihoods, preserving cultural heritage, and promoting sustainable tourism development. This study examines the relationships among supply chain integration, resilience capabilities, and sustainable development using survey data from 256 community-based tourism enterprises in Vietnam. A two-stage empirical approach combining Seemingly Unrelated Regression (SUR) and Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) models was employed. The findings indicate that network design and information systems positively influence both proactive and reactive resilience capabilities, while collaboration strengthens proactive resilience but negatively affects reactive resilience. Strategy exerts the strongest positive effect on reactive resilience. Furthermore, both proactive and reactive resilience capabilities positively contribute to environmental, social, and economic sustainability outcomes. Reactive resilience demonstrates the strongest impact on environmental sustainability, whereas proactive resilience has the greatest effect on economic sustainability. An unexpected finding is the negative relationship between collaboration and reactive resilience, suggesting potential trade-offs between stakeholder dependence and organizational flexibility. This study extends Dynamic Capability Theory by distinguishing between proactive and reactive resilience capabilities and explaining how resilience facilitates the transformation of supply chain integration into sustainable development outcomes. The findings have practical implications for strengthening resilience and promoting sustainability in community-based tourism enterprises.

This study examines how climate‐smart agricultural practices and sustainable supply chains are associated with innovation efficiency in agri‐startups in Vietnam. Using structural equation model (SEM) on survey data from 476 firms, the results show that green entrepreneurship, the adoption of renewable energy technologies, and deep supply chain integration are significantly associated with improved innovation outcomes. While climate resilience and community well‐being are not directly measured, qualitative insights and prior literature suggest that such innovation and sustainability practices may contribute to broader goals of adaptive capacity and inclusive development. The findings align with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)—especially SDG 13 (Climate Action)—by highlighting the potential role of grassroots innovation in climate change adaptation and low‐carbon sustainable development. The study provides policy recommendations to foster a more inclusive, climate‐smart enterprise ecosystem, including integrating agri‐startups into corporate climate reporting frameworks and addressing power imbalances in climate policy to empower these ventures.

This study investigated the impact of hi-tech innovation on environmental sustainability in the supply chains of organic agri-startups by using an Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) model. The results indicated that environmental sustainability in organic agri-startups was driven most strongly by eco-friendly production (0.440), followed by blockchain (0.269) and mobile platforms (0.250), while farm-to-table logistics (−0.093) and nano-technology (–0.033) showed negative impacts. Using a regression-based prioritisation approach, the study revealed that organic agri-startups adopted hi-tech innovation pragmatically. They could then prioritise technologies to enhance production processes, ensure organic compliance, and stabilise operations under environmental uncertainty. Built upon these findings, the study strengthened the literature on sustainable and organic entrepreneurship by demonstrating how behavioural constructs shaped decision making. This divergence from previous studies contributes to behavioural decision theory in agri-startups, thus highlighting the importance of analyzing not only what entrepreneurs value but also what they choose, given constraints in resources, knowledge, and operational risk.

The transition toward Industry 5.0 has necessitated a deeper understanding of sustainable supply chain development, particularly within organic agricultural cooperatives operating in rural environments. In this context, a comprehensive assessment was conducted to examine the determinants influencing sustainable supply chains and to evaluate their maturity within organic agricultural cooperatives in Vietnam’s rural regions. A sample of 250 cooperatives was selected for analysis. The data were processed through a two-stage methodology: initially employing an ordinal logistic regression (OLR) model to identify key influencing factors, followed by the application of a sustainable supply chain maturity model to assess the developmental stage of these cooperatives. The results revealed that the average maturity level of sustainable supply chains among the surveyed cooperatives approached Level 3, suggesting a moderate stage of development with partial integration of sustainability practices. Among the evaluated dimensions, quality issues (mean score: 3.53), customer and marketing management (3.22), and supplier management (3.05) were found to exert the most substantial influence on supply chain sustainability. Furthermore, policy implications were proposed to support cooperative development. The study contributes to the existing literature by offering an empirically grounded maturity model framework tailored to the unique dynamics of rural organic agriculture and by advancing the discourse on sustainable supply chain management in emerging economies undergoing industrial transformation.

The global food system faces significant vulnerabilities due to pandemics, which not only disrupt economies and governmental functions but also threaten food security and public health. Organic farming, particularly within cooperatives, plays a crucial role in promoting sustainable agriculture and enhancing rural development while contributing to ecosystem protection. This study investigates the production efficiency of 306 agricultural cooperatives in Hung Yen Province, Vietnam, before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. The efficiency assessment utilizes the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) model to examine the influence of factors such as the potential of cooperatives, labor resources, production processes, supply chains, and governmental support on the technical efficiency of these cooperatives. The findings indicate that organic cooperatives in Hung Yen maintained production efficiency throughout the pandemic, largely due to the adoption of advanced technologies and active participation in supply chains, which facilitated swift adaptation to new challenges. Among the influencing factors, the internal potential of cooperatives, labor resources, product development processes, and supply chain dynamics were identified as the most significant, whereas governmental support was found to have the least impact (0.07 for the first group, 0.06 for the second, and 0.06 for the third) during the pandemic. Additionally, three key factors-years of operational experience, product diversity, and business procedure support-were determined to have the greatest effect on production efficiency across different cooperative groups in the COVID-19 context. The study underscores the importance of enhancing the intrinsic potential of organic cooperatives to better adapt to rapid changes, thereby supporting rural development and agricultural productivity in the face of economic shocks such as the COVID-19 pandemic.

The social welfare system is an important way to provide employment and income for informal labor in the context of shock economies in rural areas. This study evaluates factors impacting the employment status of rural informal labor during the time of the COVID-19 pandemic in rural Vietnam. This paper uses two models, including a binary logistic regression model and a quantile regression model, with survey data collected from 215 rural informal laborers. The results show that marital status, education, and health positively affect employment status. However, age, gender, and head of household are not identified as significant factors. The results also show that single laborers have lower chances of employment because they do not have to take care of raising their children and other members of their families. Furthermore, our models also confirm that rural informal laborers entitled to basic living allowances are less likely to be employed, but the finding is that employment and entrepreneurship services lead to a higher likelihood of being used among these laborers during COVID-19. Besides, this paper gives some policies to help informal laborers find jobs during the COVID-19 pandemic. Primarily, the research focused on the influence of social security programmes on the employment situation of rural informal labor in emerging nations such as Vietnam, particularly amid economic upheavals like the COVID-19 pandemic.

Purpose: This paper examines the impact of leadership behaviors on startup's entrepreneurship in Vietnamese southern areas in the time of Covid-19.Design/methodology/approach: The paper uses OLS regression model to evaluate the impact of leadership behaviors on startup's entrepreneurship in Vietnamese southern areas. Besides, the paper also uses AHP method to identify the factors that influence leadership behaviors in startups in the context of economic shock like the Covid-19 pandemic.Findings: Results reveal that the transformational leadership behavior has a positive correlation with startup's entrepreneurship while the transactional and laissez-faire leadership behaviors are negatively related to startup's entrepreneurship. In addition, using AHP method, certain determinants of leadership behaviors in startups have been specified; among which, the most profound influencing factors are respectively hi-tech use (0.081), training policy (0.079) and check (0.78). In contrast, the factors with negligible impacts include recruitment policy (0.004) and culture (0.037) in startups in the context of economic shock like the Covid-19 pandemic.Research limitations/implications: This research only evaluates this impact in the Covid-19 times. In the future, comparisons between the time after the Covid-19 at traditional enterprises and state enterprises are to be done to clarify the difference of this impact.Practical implications: By using OLS model and AHP model with the data collected from 209 start-ups, the paper examines the impact of leadership behaviors on start-up's entrepreneurship in the time context of economic shock like the Covid-19 pandemic and propose some recommendations to enhance entrepreneurship in startups in the developing countries.Social implications: This study is a step forward in the entrepreneurship research branch that investigates the entrepreneurship issue from the perspectives of social and interpersonal processes. With the identification of the leadership behaviors’ role in shaping start-up's entrepreneurship come highly applicable implications towards the emergence of more effective entrepreneurial startups in the time of Covid-19 and this prevalent digital context.Originality/value: With the identification of the leadership behaviors' role in shaping startup's entrepreneurship come highly applicable implications toward the emergence of more effective entrepreneurial startups in the time of Covid-19 and this prevalent digital context. This study is conducted to analyze the impact of leadership behaviors on startup's entrepreneurship in the southern areas of Viet Nam having the most startups but affected the most seriously by the Covid-19 pandemic, which has not research on this topic for startups in a developing country like Vietnam in the context of an economic shock.

This paper systematizes the theoretical foundation and empirical evidence of the impact of leadership behavior on entrepreneurship in state-owned enterprises, and the difference between state-owned enterprises that applied management based on the accountability of leaders, and those that did not. The paper uses the OLS regression model to identify the impact of leadership behavior on the entrepreneurship of state-owned enterprises by using data from a survey of 259 civil servants in Vietnamese state-owned enterprises. In our sample, 109 respondents belonged to the category of state-owned enterprises that did not apply management based on accountability, and 140 were state-owned enterprises that applied management based on accountability. The findings show that leadership behavior has a positive impact on the entrepreneurship of state-owned enterprises that do and do not apply management based on accountability, with results of 0.305 and 0.022, respectively. Moreover, the regression model is used to identify the factors that influence leadership behavior, including vision and wage policy having a statistical significance and positive impact on the leadership behaviors in all the state-owned enterprises. Additionally, some factors, including policy building, hi-tech usage, culture, teamwork, and training policy have positive impacts on leadership behavior in Model 1, and encouragement, monitoring, responsibility, and recruitment policy had positive impacts in Model 2 among the state enterprises. Additionally, this paper recommends some policies to promote leadership behavior in state enterprises in Vietnam.