Jiazhu Zheng

Night-time light data (NTL) have been extensively utilized to map urban fringe areas, but to date, there has not been a comprehensive evaluation of the existing spatial clustering methods for delineating the urban fringe using different types of night-time light data. Therefore, we first selected three popular sources of night-time light data (i.e., NPP/VIIRS, Luojia 1-01, and NASA’s Black Marble) to identify the urban fringe. The recognition of spatial mutations across the urban–rural gradient was conducted based on changes in night light intensity using a spatial continuous wavelet transform model. Then, we employed three representative dual spatial clustering approaches (i.e., MK-Means, DBSC, and DSC) for extracting urban fringe areas using different NTL. By using dual spatial clustering, the spatial patterns of the mutation points were effectively transformed into homogeneous spatially adjacent clusters, enabling the measurement of similarity between mutation points. Taking Nanjing city, one of China’s megacities, as the study area, we found that (1) Compared with the fragmented and concentrated results obtained from the Luojia 1-01, NASA’s Black Marble and NPP/VIIRS data can effectively capture the abrupt change of urban fringes with NTL variations; (2) DSC provided a reliable approach for accurately extracting urban fringe areas using NASA’s Black Marble data.

Agriculture Logistics has the characteristics of small scale, flow large and weak service. The paper emphasizes that the choice of the logistic mode of agriculture to improve agricultural competitiveness and increasing peasant income highlighting the logistics in the role of the three agricultural problem-solving is especially important. This article applies WBS (work breakdown structure) decomposition method for the construction of the agriculture logistics mode. WBS (work breakdown structure) decomposition method means to break the project down into separate projects, mutual influence and interrelated multi-level cell according to system theory and requirements. This paper constructs a long-lasting, highly efficient mode of agricultural logistics operation based on WBS, which relies on third-party logistics by means of resource Integration.