Kanako Yamada

Objective: This study aimed to examine the presence of high-risk women developing type 2 diabetes mellitus among women with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) who had not undergone a postpartum oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Methods: This was a retrospective observational study. The participants were Japanese women diagnosed with GDM and were managed at two perinatal medical centers. We compared the risk factors for developing type 2 diabetes between women who had undergone a postpartum OGTT (examinees) and those who had not had it (nonexaminees). In addition, we divided the participants with a history of GDM into high- and low-risk groups and examined the presence of high-risk women developing type 2 diabetes mellitus. Results: Of the 117 participants, 77 (65.8%) underwent a postpartum OGTT and 40 (34.2%) did not. There were no significant differences in the risk factors for developing type 2 diabetes between the two groups, except for the premature birth rate. We divided the 80 participants into two groups, including 30 nonexaminees and 50 examinees, and 34 high- and 46 low-risk women. Although there was no significant difference in the percentage of high-risk women who had undergone a postpartum OGTT, 10 (33.3%) of the 30 nonexaminees were assessed as high-risk. Conclusions: Our results indicate that 10 (12.5%) of 80 women with a history of GDM did not undergo a postpartum OGTT despite being in the high-risk group and improving the rate of postpartum OGTT may contribute to the prevention and early detection of type 2 diabetes.

Although the association between gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and maternal postpartum depression has been reported, the association between these two factors during pregnancy has not been sufficiently examined. We compared pregnant women with and without GDM to clarify the association and examined factors related to depression in pregnant women with GDM. Questionnaires were administered longitudinally to pregnant Japanese women in the third trimester and at 2 and 4 weeks postpartum. One hundred and five and 108 pregnant women with and without GDM, respectively, were included in the study. Of the 105 women with GDM, 20 (19.0%) reported being depressed during pregnancy, which was significantly higher than that among those without GDM (9.3%). Binomial logistic regression analysis revealed that depression was significantly positively associated with diet‐related distress and negatively associated with social support among women with GDM. Diet‐related distress and social support are important factors in managing depression in pregnant women with GDM.