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Introduction: Schizophrenia (SZ) affects approximately 20 million individuals worldwide. The gut microbiota (GM) plays a fundamental role. Objective: It was to present, through a meta-analysis, the main considerations and outcomes of clinical studies on the relationship between the gut microbiota-brain axis in patients with schizophrenia, as well as to highlight the effects of nutrients, prebiotics, and probiotics for the improvement of symptoms of schizophrenia. Methods: The PRISMA rules for meta-analysis were followed. The research was carried out from November 2024 to January 2025 in the Scopus, Embase, PubMed, Science Direct, and Scielo databases, using scientific articles from 2009 to 2024. The quality of the studies was based on the GRADE instrument and the risk of bias by the Cochrane (Funnel Plot). Results and Conclusion: It was founded 147 studies that underwent eligibility analysis. The final sample had 77 eligible studies and only 69 studies were described in the systematic review. Most studies showed homogeneity in their results, with I2 =15.7% <25%. The symmetrical funnel plot did not suggest a risk of bias among studies with small sample sizes. Altered gut microbiota composition was evidenced in people with obesity and chronic schizophrenia. The potential role of gut microbiota in schizophrenia is related to changes in brain structure and function. Intestinal serotonin production was potentially associated with an increased risk of schizophrenia. Furthermore, SZ is related to the reduction of bacteria-producing anti-inflammatory butyrate. Improvement trends in psychiatric symptoms for schizophrenia were observed in men treated with probiotics. Graphical abstract

Introduction: The aging of the world's population poses unprecedented challenges to maintaining the health of the 9.1 billion people who will inhabit the planet by 2050. Dietary habits, which lead to the development of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, significantly increase the risk of death. Objective: This was to conduct a systematic review to present and correlate the main outcomes of clinical studies on the dosages and bioavailability of coenzyme Q10, in monotherapy or associated with other supplements, for the best treatment and prevention of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases and arterial hypertension in the elderly. Methods: The systematic review rules of the PRISMA Platform were followed. The search was carried out from January to April 2026 in the Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scielo, and Google Scholar databases. The quality of the studies was based on the GRADE and AMSTAR-2 instruments and the risk of bias was adequately analyzed, according to the Cochrane instrument. Results and Conclusion: A total of 154 articles were found, and 37 articles were fully evaluated and included in this article, of which 17 were included in the systematic review. Considering the Cochrane tool for risk of bias, the overall assessment resulted in 25 studies with a high risk of bias and 29 studies that did not reach GRADE. Most studies presented homogeneity in their results, with X2=64.5%>50%. It was concluded that supplementation with selenium and coenzyme Q10 for an elderly population significantly reduces systemic oxidative stress, with a reduction in the risk of cardiovascular mortality and presenting a lower rate of cardiovascular mortality after a median follow-up of 10 years. There was also preservation of leukocyte telomeres, fibrosis reduction, and fibroblast growth factor 23 after selenium and Coenzyme Q10 supplementation. In patients with metabolic syndrome, nutraceutical (NC) and Coenzyme Q10 supplementation were safe, well tolerated, and effective in improving clinical blood pressure, lipid, and glycemic profiles. The combination of nutraceuticals and Coenzyme Q10 demonstrated clinical efficacy in reducing total cholesterol, non-HDL, LDL, and triglycerides, while improving the level of hepatic transaminases and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein.

Objective: Systematically review the effects of using Nile tilapia skin (NTFS) for management/treatment in patients with second-degree skin burns, when compared with two treatments containing silver, hydrofiber dressing or sulfadiazine cream (AgSD). Methodology: Systematic review with meta-analysis performed in january 2023, using PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL, Scopus, Cochrane and Gale databases, to identify relevant randomized clinical trials. Results: In total, five randomized trials were identified comparing the use of NTFS with two types of silver-based treatment of second-degree skin burns. Occlusive dressings with NTFS significantly reduced pain levels, measured using the Visual Analogue Scale - VAS (p=0.0008), time (measured in days) for complete wound healing, corresponding to re-epithelialization of 95% or more of the initial burn (p=0.002), and the number of dressings needed until complete healing of the burn (p=0.0004). Conclusion: The results confirm the positive effects of using the NTFS dressing on patients with second-degree burns and can benefit public health systems, especially in developing and resource-poor countries.