Pietro Butti
Current Organizations / Institutes
The organizations/institutes from the scholar's latest article
Previous Organizations / Institutes
The organizations / institutes from the scholar's other articles in the past ten years
Research Subjects
Pietro Butti has a total of 15 co-authors. Here are the top co-authors by number of shared publications:
- Antonio González-Arroyo
Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
9 shared publications - Claudio Bonanno
University of Pisa
7 shared publications - Ken-Ichi Ishikawa
Hiroshima University
7 shared publications - Margarita García Pérez
Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
7 shared publications - Masanori Okawa
Hiroshima University
6 shared publications Andreas Athenodorou
Cyprus Institute
1 shared publication
Latest Publications
- Open Access
- 8 April 2026
- Published by American Physical Society (APS) in Physical Review D
- Vol. 113 (7)
SU(2) gauge theory with one and two adjoint fermions toward the continuum limit
We provide an extended lattice study of the SU(2) gauge theory coupled to one Dirac fermion flavor ( N f = 1 ) transforming in the adjoint representation as the continuum limit is approached. This investigation is supplemented by results obtained for the SU(2) gauge theory with two Dirac fermion flavors ( N f = 2 ) transforming in the adjoint representation, for which we perform numerical investigations at three values of the lattice spacing. The purpose of our study is to advance the characterization of the infrared properties of both theories, which previous investigations have concluded to be in the conformal window. For both, we determine the mass spectrum and the anomalous dimension of the fermion condensate using finite-size hyperscaling of the spectrum, mode number analysis of the Dirac operator (for which we improve on our previous proposal) and the ratio of masses of the lightest spin-2 particle over the lightest scalar. All methods provide a consistent picture, with the anomalous dimension of the condensate γ * decreasing significantly as one approaches the continuum limit for the N f = 1 theory towards a value consistent with γ * = 0.170 ( 6 ) , while for N f = 2 the anomalous dimension converges more rapidly with β to a value of γ * = 0.291 ( 9 ) . A chiral perturbation theory analysis shows that the infrared behavior of both theories is incompatible with the breaking of chiral symmetry.
- 8 April 2026
- Published by American Physical Society (APS) in Physical Review D
- Vol. 113 (7)
Open AccessSU(2) gauge theory with one and two adjoint fermions toward the continuum limit
We provide an extended lattice study of the SU(2) gauge theory coupled to one Dirac fermion flavor ( N f = 1 ) transforming in the adjoint representation as the continuum limit is approached. This investigation is supplemented by results obtained for the SU(2) gauge theory with two Dirac fermion flavors ( N f = 2 ) transforming in the adjoint representation, for which we perform numerical investigations at three values of the lattice spacing. The purpose of our study is to advance the characterization of the infrared properties of both theories, which previous investigations have concluded to be in the conformal window. For both, we determine the mass spectrum and the anomalous dimension of the fermion condensate using finite-size hyperscaling of the spectrum, mode number analysis of the Dirac operator (for which we improve on our previous proposal) and the ratio of masses of the lightest spin-2 particle over the lightest scalar. All methods provide a consistent picture, with the anomalous dimension of the condensate γ * decreasing significantly as one approaches the continuum limit for the N f = 1 theory towards a value consistent with γ * = 0.170 ( 6 ) , while for N f = 2 the anomalous dimension converges more rapidly with β to a value of γ * = 0.291 ( 9 ) . A chiral perturbation theory analysis shows that the infrared behavior of both theories is incompatible with the breaking of chiral symmetry.
- Open Access
- 7 July 2025
- Published by American Physical Society (APS) in Physical Review D
- Vol. 112 (1)
Comparison of smoothening flows for the topological charge in QCD-like theories
We investigate properties of the topological charge for several S U ( N C ) gauge field ensembles for N C = 4 , 5, 6 with a single fermion in the two-index antisymmetric representation, covering multiple lattice spacings at otherwise approximately constant physical parameters. Comparing the topological charge defined by the Wilson flow and the overimproved DBW2 flow we find that already at small flow times the latter stabilizes on discrete values. We provide evidence that as the lattice spacing is lowered the Wilson flow also separates into discrete sectors at earlier flow times. Adopting the DBW2 definition in the remainder of the analysis, we do not see any evidence of fractional topological charges, which could in principle appear at finite lattice spacing.
- 7 July 2025
- Published by American Physical Society (APS) in Physical Review D
- Vol. 112 (1)
Open AccessComparison of smoothening flows for the topological charge in QCD-like theories
We investigate properties of the topological charge for several S U ( N C ) gauge field ensembles for N C = 4 , 5, 6 with a single fermion in the two-index antisymmetric representation, covering multiple lattice spacings at otherwise approximately constant physical parameters. Comparing the topological charge defined by the Wilson flow and the overimproved DBW2 flow we find that already at small flow times the latter stabilizes on discrete values. We provide evidence that as the lattice spacing is lowered the Wilson flow also separates into discrete sectors at earlier flow times. Adopting the DBW2 definition in the remainder of the analysis, we do not see any evidence of fractional topological charges, which could in principle appear at finite lattice spacing.
- Open Access
- 10 January 2025
- Published by Sissa Medialab Srl
- Vol. 466, 392
The gluino condensate of large-$N$ SUSY Yang–Mills
We present the first lattice determination of the SUSY $\mathrm{SU}(N)$ Yang–Mills gluino condensate at large $N$. We exploit large-$N$ twisted volume reduction, and present two determinations based on the Banks–Casher relation and on a Gell-Mann–Oakes–Renner-like formula, both giving perfectly compatible results. By expressing the lattice results in the Novikov–Shifman–Vainshtein–Zakharov scheme, we are able for the first time to compare lattice and analytical computations, resolving a 40-year-long debate about the actual value and $N$-dependence of the gluino condensate.- 10 January 2025
- Published by Sissa Medialab Srl
- Vol. 466, 392
Open AccessThe gluino condensate of large-$N$ SUSY Yang–Mills
We present the first lattice determination of the SUSY $\mathrm{SU}(N)$ Yang–Mills gluino condensate at large $N$. We exploit large-$N$ twisted volume reduction, and present two determinations based on the Banks–Casher relation and on a Gell-Mann–Oakes–Renner-like formula, both giving perfectly compatible results. By expressing the lattice results in the Novikov–Shifman–Vainshtein–Zakharov scheme, we are able for the first time to compare lattice and analytical computations, resolving a 40-year-long debate about the actual value and $N$-dependence of the gluino condensate. - Open Access
The gluino condensate of large-$N$ SUSY Yang-Mills
We present the first lattice determination of the SUSY $\mathrm{SU}(N)$ Yang-Mills gluino condensate at large $N$. We exploit large-$N$ twisted volume reduction, and present two determinations based on the Banks-Casher relation and on a Gell-Mann-Oakes-Renner-like formula, both giving perfectly compatible results. By expressing the lattice results in the Novikov-Shifman-Vainshtein-Zakharov scheme, we are able for the first time to compare lattice and analytical computations, resolving a 40-year-long debate about the actual value and $N$-dependence of the gluino condensate.Open AccessThe gluino condensate of large-$N$ SUSY Yang-Mills
We present the first lattice determination of the SUSY $\mathrm{SU}(N)$ Yang-Mills gluino condensate at large $N$. We exploit large-$N$ twisted volume reduction, and present two determinations based on the Banks-Casher relation and on a Gell-Mann-Oakes-Renner-like formula, both giving perfectly compatible results. By expressing the lattice results in the Novikov-Shifman-Vainshtein-Zakharov scheme, we are able for the first time to compare lattice and analytical computations, resolving a 40-year-long debate about the actual value and $N$-dependence of the gluino condensate. - Open Access
- 5 November 2024
- Published by Sissa Medialab Srl
- Vol. 453, 374
The chiral condensate at large $N$We present results for the large-$N$ limit of the chiral condensate computed from twisted reduced models. We followed a two-fold strategy, one constiting in extracting the condensate from the quark-mass dependence of the pion mass, the other consisting in extracting the condensate from the mode number of the Dirac operator.
- 5 November 2024
- Published by Sissa Medialab Srl
- Vol. 453, 374
Open AccessThe chiral condensate at large $N$We present results for the large-$N$ limit of the chiral condensate computed from twisted reduced models. We followed a two-fold strategy, one constiting in extracting the condensate from the quark-mass dependence of the pion mass, the other consisting in extracting the condensate from the mode number of the Dirac operator.
- Open Access
- 10 October 2024
- Published by American Physical Society (APS) in Physical Review D
- Vol. 110 (7)
Nonperturbative determination of the supersymmetric Yang-Mills gluino condensate at largeWe present the first nonperturbative large N calculation of the N = 1 supersymmetric SU ( N ) Yang-Mills gluino condensate obtained by means of numerical simulations of the lattice-discretized theory, exploiting large- N twisted volume reduction. We present two different determinations based, respectively, on the Banks-Casher formula and on the Gell-Mann–Oakes–Renner relation, both giving perfectly consistent results. By expressing the lattice results in the Novikov-Shifman-Vainshtein-Zakharov (NSVZ) scheme, we are able for the first time to compare numerical and analytic computations. Our most accurate determination of the renormalization group invariant (RGI) gluino condensate gives Σ RGI / Λ NSVZ 3 = [ 1.18 ( 08 ) stat ( 12 ) syst ] 3 = 1.64 ( 33 ) stat ( 50 ) syst = 1.64 ( 60 ) , in agreement with the N dependence and the value predicted by the weak coupling instanton-based approach Σ RGI / Λ NSVZ 3 = 1 . Published by the American Physical Society 2024
- 10 October 2024
- Published by American Physical Society (APS) in Physical Review D
- Vol. 110 (7)
Open AccessNonperturbative determination of the supersymmetric Yang-Mills gluino condensate at largeWe present the first nonperturbative large N calculation of the N = 1 supersymmetric SU ( N ) Yang-Mills gluino condensate obtained by means of numerical simulations of the lattice-discretized theory, exploiting large- N twisted volume reduction. We present two different determinations based, respectively, on the Banks-Casher formula and on the Gell-Mann–Oakes–Renner relation, both giving perfectly consistent results. By expressing the lattice results in the Novikov-Shifman-Vainshtein-Zakharov (NSVZ) scheme, we are able for the first time to compare numerical and analytic computations. Our most accurate determination of the renormalization group invariant (RGI) gluino condensate gives Σ RGI / Λ NSVZ 3 = [ 1.18 ( 08 ) stat ( 12 ) syst ] 3 = 1.64 ( 33 ) stat ( 50 ) syst = 1.64 ( 60 ) , in agreement with the N dependence and the value predicted by the weak coupling instanton-based approach Σ RGI / Λ NSVZ 3 = 1 . Published by the American Physical Society 2024
- Open Access
- 27 December 2023
- Published by Sissa Medialab Srl
- Vol. 453, 381
Testing (asymptotic) scaling in Yang-Mills theories in the large-$N_c$ limit
TEK reduction is a well-established technique that allows single-site simulations of Yang-Mills theory in the large-$N_c$ limit by exploiting volume reduction induced by twisted boundary conditions. We performed simulations for $SU(841)$ for several gauge couplings and applied standard Wilson flow techniques combined with a tree-level improvement methodology to set the lattice scale. The wide range of gauge couplings covered by our simulations allows us to explore a region in the coupling space where our data exhibits asymptotic scaling and perturbation theory could be used to analyze the behaviour of the $\beta$-function. In this talk, I will review the methodology used and go through the main results we obtained, including a determination of the $\Lambda$-parameter of Yang-Mills theory at large-$N_c$ in $\overline{\text{MS}}$-scheme.- 27 December 2023
- Published by Sissa Medialab Srl
- Vol. 453, 381
Open AccessTesting (asymptotic) scaling in Yang-Mills theories in the large-$N_c$ limit
TEK reduction is a well-established technique that allows single-site simulations of Yang-Mills theory in the large-$N_c$ limit by exploiting volume reduction induced by twisted boundary conditions. We performed simulations for $SU(841)$ for several gauge couplings and applied standard Wilson flow techniques combined with a tree-level improvement methodology to set the lattice scale. The wide range of gauge couplings covered by our simulations allows us to explore a region in the coupling space where our data exhibits asymptotic scaling and perturbation theory could be used to analyze the behaviour of the $\beta$-function. In this talk, I will review the methodology used and go through the main results we obtained, including a determination of the $\Lambda$-parameter of Yang-Mills theory at large-$N_c$ in $\overline{\text{MS}}$-scheme. - Open Access
- 5 December 2023
- Published by Springer Nature in Journal of High Energy Physics
- Vol. 2023 (12) , 1-25
The large-N limit of the chiral condensate from twisted reduced models
We compute the large-N limit of the QCD chiral condensate on the lattice using twisted reduced models, and performing controlled continuum and chiral extrapolations. We perform two different calculations: one consists in extracting the chiral condensate from the quark mass dependence of the pion mass, and the other consists in extracting the chiral condensate from the behaviour of the mode number of the Wilson-Dirac operator for small eigenvalues. We find consistency between the results of the two methods, giving a joint estimate of limN→∞ Σ(N)/N = [184(13) MeV]3 ( $$ \overline{\textrm{MS}} $$ , μ = 2 GeV, taking the square root of the string tension $$ \sqrt{\sigma } $$ = 440 MeV to set the scale), in remarkable agreement with the SU(3) 2-flavor FLAG result.- 5 December 2023
- Published by Springer Nature in Journal of High Energy Physics
- Vol. 2023 (12) , 1-25
Open AccessThe large-N limit of the chiral condensate from twisted reduced models
We compute the large-N limit of the QCD chiral condensate on the lattice using twisted reduced models, and performing controlled continuum and chiral extrapolations. We perform two different calculations: one consists in extracting the chiral condensate from the quark mass dependence of the pion mass, and the other consists in extracting the chiral condensate from the behaviour of the mode number of the Wilson-Dirac operator for small eigenvalues. We find consistency between the results of the two methods, giving a joint estimate of limN→∞ Σ(N)/N = [184(13) MeV]3 ( $$ \overline{\textrm{MS}} $$ , μ = 2 GeV, taking the square root of the string tension $$ \sqrt{\sigma } $$ = 440 MeV to set the scale), in remarkable agreement with the SU(3) 2-flavor FLAG result. - Open Access
The large-$N$ limit of the chiral condensate from twisted reduced models
We compute the large-$N$ limit of the QCD chiral condensate on the lattice using twisted reduced models, and performing controlled continuum and chiral extrapolations. We perform two different calculations: one consists in extracting the chiral condensate from the quark mass dependence of the pion mass, and the other consists in extracting the chiral condensate from the behaviour of the mode number of the Wilson-Dirac operator for small eigenvalues. We find consistency between the results of the two methods, giving a joint estimate of $\lim_{N\to\infty}Σ(N)/N=[184(13)$ MeV$]^3$ ($\overline{\mathrm{MS}}$, $μ=2$ GeV, taking the square root of the string tension $\sqrtσ=440$ MeV to set the scale), in remarkable agreement with the $\mathrm{SU}(3)$ 2-flavor FLAG result.Open AccessThe large-$N$ limit of the chiral condensate from twisted reduced models
We compute the large-$N$ limit of the QCD chiral condensate on the lattice using twisted reduced models, and performing controlled continuum and chiral extrapolations. We perform two different calculations: one consists in extracting the chiral condensate from the quark mass dependence of the pion mass, and the other consists in extracting the chiral condensate from the behaviour of the mode number of the Wilson-Dirac operator for small eigenvalues. We find consistency between the results of the two methods, giving a joint estimate of $\lim_{N\to\infty}Σ(N)/N=[184(13)$ MeV$]^3$ ($\overline{\mathrm{MS}}$, $μ=2$ GeV, taking the square root of the string tension $\sqrtσ=440$ MeV to set the scale), in remarkable agreement with the $\mathrm{SU}(3)$ 2-flavor FLAG result. - Open Access
Testing (asymptotic) scaling in Yang-Mills theories in the large-$N_c$ limit
TEK reduction is a well-established technique that allows single-site simulations of Yang-Mills theory in the large-$N_c$ limit by exploiting volume reduction induced by twisted boundary conditions. We performed simulations for $SU(841)$ for several gauge couplings and applied standard Wilson flow techniques combined with a tree-level improvement methodology to set the lattice scale. The wide range of gauge couplings covered by our simulations allows us to explore a region in the coupling space where our data exhibits asymptotic scaling and perturbation theory could be used to analyze the behaviour of the $β$-function. In this talk, I will review the methodology used and go through the main results we obtained, including a determination of the $Λ$-parameter of Yang-Mills theory at large-$N_c$ in $\overline{\text{MS}}$-scheme.Open AccessTesting (asymptotic) scaling in Yang-Mills theories in the large-$N_c$ limit
TEK reduction is a well-established technique that allows single-site simulations of Yang-Mills theory in the large-$N_c$ limit by exploiting volume reduction induced by twisted boundary conditions. We performed simulations for $SU(841)$ for several gauge couplings and applied standard Wilson flow techniques combined with a tree-level improvement methodology to set the lattice scale. The wide range of gauge couplings covered by our simulations allows us to explore a region in the coupling space where our data exhibits asymptotic scaling and perturbation theory could be used to analyze the behaviour of the $β$-function. In this talk, I will review the methodology used and go through the main results we obtained, including a determination of the $Λ$-parameter of Yang-Mills theory at large-$N_c$ in $\overline{\text{MS}}$-scheme.