Kang Luo

In this study, three types of fatty acid side chains were selected to conjugate with different insulin analogue precursors, leading to the design and synthesis of 11 novel insulin analogues. We selected three modifiers to modify the precursor of the insulin analogue. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis confirmed that the actual molecular weight of the samples was consistent with the theoretical value. After confirming the structural integrity of the samples, their biological activities were evaluated to verify the necessity and functionality of the modifications. A preliminary assessment was made of the biological activities of all compounds on the HEK293/Luc/INSR cell line, successfully identifying candidate analogue 5. Further animal experiments were conducted on analogue 5. Through analysis of the body weight, blood drug concentration and AUC of diabetic rats, analogue 5 exhibited good hypoglycemic activity, effectively prolonging the drug action time and having an ideal application prospect.

This study demonstrates a one-step hydrothermal synthesis of bright yellow phosphorus-doped carbon quantum dots (P-CQDs) using Caesalpinia sappan L. as carbon source. Comprehensive characterization through TEM, XPS, UV-Vis and FTIRspectroscopy confirmed the successful formation of P-CQDs. The obtained P-CQDs exhibited exceptional selectivity and was capable of detecting ciprofloxacin across a wide linear range of 0.01–0.1 µM, with a LOD determined to be 2.06 nM. Antimicrobial assays revealed MIC values of 7.14 µg/mL and 8.33 µg/mL against S. aureus and E. coli, respectively. Practical application studies confirmed their efficacy for rapid CIP detection in milk samples, establishing a novel sensing platform for food safety monitoring. This work provides valuable insights into the multifunctional applications of carbon dots in food chemistry and biomedical fields.

This investigation presents a facile hydrothermal synthesis of silicon quantum dots (SiQDs) with dual-functional capabilities for tetracycline (TC) biosensing and microbial inhibition. The developed nanomaterial demonstrated remarkable antibacterial efficacy against drug-resistant pathogens, showing enhanced resistance circumvention capability compared to conventional antibiotics. Quantitative antibacterial evaluation revealed minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 1.25 mg/mL for E. coli and 2.5 mg/mL for S. aureus, indicating species-specific antimicrobial activity. Simultaneously, the SiQDs were engineered into a blue-emissive nanoprobe for TC quantification through static quenching (SQ)-mediated fluorescence quenching. The sensor exhibited linear fluorescence quenching across 10–100 μmol/L TC concentrations, achieving an ultralow limit of detection (LOD) of 1.24 μmol/L through optimized detection parameters. This bifunctional nanomaterial demonstrates significant potential for dual-purpose applications in microbial inhibition and biochemical sensing, particularly in pharmaceutical quality control and clinical diagnostics. The integrated antibacterial-sensing platform opens up new possibilities for developing smart nanomaterials that combine environmental monitoring with therapeutic functions.

This work reports a novel one-pot hydrothermal synthesis of N-CQDs using Solanum nigrum L. as sustainable carbon source and triethylamine as nitrogen provider. The resulting N-CQDs were systematically characterized with TEM, SEM, FT-IR, XPS, XRD, and UV–Visible. Significantly, the N-CQDs exhibited substantial antimicrobial efficacy against both S. aureus and E. coli bacterial strains, with minimum inhibitory concentration values of 1.2 mg/mL and 1.1 mg/mL, respectively. Moreover, the N-CQDs demonstrated pronounced fluorescence enhancement upon interaction with ciprofloxacin, displaying exceptional selectivity and sensitivity, with a calculated LOD of 316 nM. The feasibility of employing N-CQDs as fluorescent probes for ciprofloxacin detection was systematically validated through practical application in honey analysis. This study introduces a novel approach for the fabrication of N-CQDs derived from natural botanical sources, underscoring their potential dual functionality as fluorescent sensors and antimicrobial materials.

In this study, S-CQDs were fabricated through a green and secure hydrothermal process, the carbon source was derived from the traditional Chinese medicinal herb Solanum nigrum and thiourea served as the sulfur precursor.

Objectives: This study aims to review the research status of Internet hospitals and electronic prescriptions, identify associated research hotspots and frontiers, understand global application progress, and inform future research and development directions in China. Methods: The literature was obtained via the online Science Citation Index-Expanded section of the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC). The search terms included variations of “Internet hospital” and “electronic prescription.” After screening titles and abstracts, 248 publications were selected. CiteSpace was used for bibliometric and visual analysis, identifying annual publication trends, collaboration networks, and keywords with strong citation bursts. Results: The analysis revealed fluctuating growth in annual publications, with a significant increase in the 2020s due to COVID-19. In the domain under analysis, the US and Harvard Medical School emerged as the most prominent contributors, high-frequency keywords identified were patient safety, digital health, healthcare management, and prevalence. Key findings indicated active cooperation among institutions within the USA or Europe but limited collaboration between USA, Europe, and Asia. Internet hospitals and electronic prescriptions were found to significantly enhance patient safety and healthcare quality during public health emergencies. Conclusions: The research identified a lack of effective collaboration among nations, organizations, and contributors, with primary trends focusing on patient safety, digital health, healthcare management, and prevalence. Researchers in China are encouraged to focus on how Internet hospital electronic prescribing can improve patient safety, assist in the health management of special populations, and leverage their strengths during large epidemics.

In this study, a simple and efficient method for synthesizing nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots (N-CQDs) has been developed through a one-step hydrothermal process using hedyotis diffusa willd. The morphology, chemical composition, and optical properties of the resulting N-CQDs were thoroughly characterized. The synthesized N-CQDs exhibited a spherical shape with an average particle size of 4.32 nm, and the crystal lattice spacing was determined to be 0.17 nm. Notably, the N-CQDs demonstrated a significant fluorescence quenching effect in the presence of Fe³⁺ ions, exhibiting high selectivity and sensitivity. The detection limit for Fe³⁺ ions was found to be 6.62 × 10⁻³ μmol/L within a linear range of 0.01–0.1 μmol/L. Furthermore, the N-CQDs displayed significant antimicrobial activity against both Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) bacteria, with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 0.055 mg/mL and 0.038 mg/mL, respectively. These findings suggest that the N-CQDs can serve as an effective fluorescent sensor and a promising antibacterial agent. This work provides a new strategy for the preparation of N-CQDs from natural plant sources, highlighting their potential applications as both fluorescent sensors and antimicrobial agents.