Kumar. P

Background: Badminton officials play a crucial role in ensuring fair play and accurate decision-making during competitions. However, officiating tasks are performed under high cognitive demands, time pressure, and social stressors, which can influence physiological responses and cognitive performance. Empirical evidence examining stress dynamics in badminton officials using objective physiological indicators remains limited. Methods: This study employed a descriptive repeated-measures design involving 102 certified badminton officials during a national-level competition. Heart rate data were recorded across five conditions: early morning rest, sitting near the referee table, during game intervals, between matches, and after competition. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, repeated-measures ANOVA, and Bonferroni post-hoc tests to identify differences in physiological responses across officiating situations. Result: Heart rate values increased progressively from resting conditions to peak levels during game intervals and between matches, indicating heightened physiological stress, before decreasing after the competition. Significant differences were observed across all measurement conditions (p < .001). Key stressors included spectator noise, high cognitive load, time pressure, and interpersonal and organizational demands. Elevated arousal levels suggested delayed physiological recovery during continuous officiating duties. Conclusion: Badminton officiating is associated with substantial physiological stress, particularly during critical match phases. Sustained stress may negatively affect cognitive and emotional functioning. The findings highlight the importance of implementing effective coping strategies, such as controlled breathing, mindfulness, and structured recovery routines, to support officials’ performance, well-being, and long-term officiating capacity.

Kinematic analysis is crucial in sports science and biomechanics for optimizing performance and helping in rehabilitation. This study compares fifteen kinematic analysis tools, namely Siliconcoach, Kinovea, Templo by Contemplas, Gaiton, Helix 3D By Rundna, Dartfish, Coach’s Eye, Vicon, Motion Analysis Corporation, Noraxon Myoresearch, Qualisys, Pro-Trainer, Xsens, Simi Motion, And Shutter Precision. The comparison focuses on performance benchmarks, usability, accuracy, reliability, and cost-effectiveness. High-end systems like Vicon and Qualisys excel in precision and real-time data processing, ideal for research and professional use, while tools like Coach’s Eye offer accessible yet less precise analysis suitable for general coaching. Usability varies, with Kinovea and Dartfish noted for their user-friendly interfaces, while advanced systems require more extensive training. Accuracy is critical, with top systems providing high precision through sophisticated technologies. Cost varies widely, from free tools like Kinovea to premium systems like Vicon. This study provides valuable insights for selecting the most appropriate scientific tools and methods

Physical education courses, traditionally a blend of theory and practice for their own department students, are often delivered as purely theoretical classes for students from non-physical education disciplines enrolled in Generic Elective Courses (GEC). This approach can lead to disengagement and boredom, as students are already exposed to multiple theoretical classes throughout the day. To address this issue, the Department of Physical Education at the Central University of Haryana revised its GEC curriculum to include practical sessions alongside theoretical content. This study explores the impact of this curriculum revision on student engagement and physical fitness. Feedback from 200 postgraduate students, aged 20-25, indicated a strong preference for incorporating practical sessions into the curriculum, with 98% of respondents favoring this change. The revised curriculum allocated two hours per week for physical activities, aimed at enhancing student engagement and promoting the importance of physical fitness. The effectiveness of the new curriculum was assessed through a one-minute push-up test, measuring upper body strength at the beginning and end of the semester. Initial results showed that 50% of the students struggled to complete the test. However, by the end of the semester, 96% of students successfully completed the one-minute push-up test, indicating significant improvement in physical fitness. The study concludes that integrating practical sessions into GEC physical education courses not only improves student engagement but also enhances physical fitness. It highlights the need for a balanced approach, combining theory with hands-on activities, to foster holistic development. The findings suggest that other departments offering practical-oriented courses could benefit from incorporating similar practical components into their curricula.

Badminton is a fast-paced sport that requires not only physical fitness but also strong mental skills like anticipation and quick decision-making. This study introduces a new training method called “One-Way Mirror Perceptual Training”, which uses a one-way mirror to block players' view of their opponent, forcing them to rely on their perception and reaction skills instead of visual cues. Twenty male badminton players aged 13-25 were divided into two groups: an experimental group that received the special training for six weeks and a control group that continued with regular practice. The training focused on improving agility, reaction time, coordination, and accuracy. Performance was measured before and after the training using tests like the Four Corner Run Test (FCRT) and agility drills. The experimental group showed significant improvement, with faster reaction times, better movement, and higher performance scores, while the control group had little change. These results suggest that the One-Way Mirror Perceptual Training helps players improve their mental and physical skills, making them more prepared for high-level competition. This study highlights the importance of including perceptual training in badminton and suggests that similar methods could be useful in other fast-paced sports.

This study explores integrating engineering concepts into the physical education (PE) curriculum, aiming to develop student experiences and progressive development. The objectives include exploring benefits associated with incorporating engineering principles, including preventing injuries through movement analysis and biomechanics, stimulating creativity and problem-solving skills with sports equipment, and strengthening theoretical knowledge through practical experiences in designing fitness equipment. The methods involved a comprehensive approach by literature reviews. The observed benefits include enhanced problem-solving abilities, improved creativity, and the practical application of theoretical knowledge, all contributing to a good educational experience. This interdisciplinary approach not only prepares students for a technologically advanced society but also ongoing research, collaboration, and implementation to maximize its educational potential in both physical education and engineering.

The objective of this research was to conduct a comprehensive analysis of Leg Length Discrepancy (LLD) among in young badminton players with the aim of mitigating back discomfort and reducing injuries in their current training environments. Numerous studies have established a connection between LLD and various musculoskeletal issues in different sports, causing asymmetrical gait and low back pain. Consequently, many players find their daily routines disrupted, leading to burnout or dropout from the sport. To assess the current situation, this study focused on 1502 young badminton players aged 9–12 from the states of Tamil Nadu and Puducherry. LLD can be challenging to diagnose and treat, especially in growing children, and various methods and equipment are available for assessment. In this research, the "Delta Leg" (DL) measuring tool was employed, measuring discrepancies from millimeters to centimeters. The 0–10 Numeric Pain Rating Scale was used to determine the level of pain. The analysis involved the application of percentage techniques (P = n × 100 / N) and Pearson correlation. The results indicated that 218 (15%) of the players had equal-length lower limbs, while 1284 (85%) exhibited LLD in varying degrees. Among the LLD players, 354 (24%) had discrepancies greater than 1 cm, 753 (50%) had discrepancies less than 1–2 cm, 171 (11%) had discrepancies less than 2–3 cm, and 6 (0.40%) had discrepancies less than 3 cm. LLD was notably prevalent among young badminton players aged 9 to 12, warranting careful attention. Even mild LLD should not be overlooked, emphasizing the importance of coaches, physiotherapists, physical education instructors, and doctors in closely monitoring players' leg mechanics. Immediate corrective actions are essential, and continuous monitoring is imperative, because LLD may necessitate intervention before reaching skeletal maturity. The use of insoles is recommended to alleviate muscular and/or joint problems and gait issues in players. Additionally, some players with equal leg lengths exhibited pronation and supination in their ankles, suggesting the need for future research to explore other lower limb issues experienced by badminton players.

The present study focus on the examination of the selected muscle power by the maximal voluntary effort (MVE) for national-level participated Bodybuilders and Weightlifters (BB and WL). This study analyzed the muscle power of experienced BB and WL with one of the technically approved low-cost myoware muscle sensor. The subjects were n=10 male BB and n=10 male WL i.e. a total of N=20 subjects were selected from the Tamil Nadu region. The myoware muscle sensor (MMS) of the biceps brachii and triceps brachii muscles during the MVE was recorded. The MMS surface electrodes were placed at the motor point of each muscle during MVE the muscular activity was stored by the data logger (Arduino UNO) and the results were gathered from the data acquisition system. The collected data were analysed in a T-test by computer-based software SPSS. The data analyzed for the biceps extension (BE) showed that out of the chosen subjects, the MVE of BB (55%) was slightly better than WL (45%), the biceps flexion (BF) showed that out of the chosen subjects, the MVE of BB (52%) was slightly better than WL (48%), the triceps extension (TE) showed that out of the chosen subjects, the MVE of WL (53%) was slightly better than BB (47%), the triceps flexion (TF) showed that out of the chosen subjects, the MVE of WL (55%) was slightly better than BB (45%). The muscle power level of experienced BB and WL showed no significant changes during the MVE task (contraction), except that the MMS values were slightly higher in BB than the WL in the Biceps brachii muscle and the WL had better triceps brachii muscle power than the BB.

The study's primary goal was to recommend and build a scientific tool in the fields of anthropometry and physical education with the aid of an engineering effort. To estimate body fat measurements various types of skinfold calipers are used. Meanwhile Harpenden (HRP), Lange (LNG), Slim guide (85SG), Skyndex (SKN) and Lafayette (LF). So, on apparatus is more sensitive to recording several sites at a time with time-consuming. Within the measuring of adipose tissue, variation was less consistent in opening, force, spring pressure, and rubber-compressed thickness. Once measuring after the jaw of the calliper remains open, and not a proper pressure on the measuring site, this may cause a variation in the validity of the tool. Accordingly, the study there was set up a computer using transponders equipment to monitor the rate of decompression of human body fat when measured by the skinfold calliper, and to evaluate the best time at which readings should be taken from several skinfold sites from a range of slim to fatty subjects. All skinfold measurements were collected uniformly, however only highly advanced technology can ensure data validity and precision. The new technology will be tested, accurate, and set up for automatic recording against alternative traditional reference callipers for measuring % BF (percentage of body fat). Simplifying, making everyday practise more effective, and spending less money on the evaluation of body fat percentage.

Emerging Technologies (ETs) will play a vital role in improving existing sports devices. For finding ETs for challenged sportspersons the ergonomic aids were assessed by the researcher. The active and passive assistive devices were assessed namely Wheelchairs, Prosthetics of Upper and lower limp, and Racing Hand Cycles. This paper provides a brief assessment regarding the technological development and ETs for the benefit of the Paralympic sports person and also gives an outlook for the general challenged people in their day-to-day life.