Eleni Gavriil

This article examines the extent to which foreign investments negatively impact Indigenous Peoples. Drawing on case law insights from investor-state dispute settlement and relevant international human rights instruments, this study highlights the tensions between the protection of Indigenous communities and the rights of foreign investors. The article demonstrates that international investment law inadequately addresses human rights concerns, leaving Indigenous Peoples vulnerable to adverse effects from investment projects. The findings from case law analysis emphasise the need for a more consistent and comprehensive approach to reconciling these competing interests, incorporating human rights considerations into investment arbitration. This paper advocates for greater inclusion of Indigenous communities in decision-making processes and reforms that balance economic development with the protection of Indigenous rights.

This article examines the extent to which foreign investments negatively impact Indigenous Peoples. Drawing on case law insights from investor-state dispute settlement and relevant international human rights instruments, this study highlights the tensions between the protection of Indigenous communities and the rights of foreign investors. The article demonstrates that international investment law inadequately addresses human rights concerns, leaving Indigenous Peoples vulnerable to adverse effects from investment projects. The findings from case law analysis emphasise the need for a more consistent and comprehensive approach to reconciling these competing interests, incorporating human rights considerations into investment arbitration. This paper advocates for greater inclusion of Indigenous communities in decision-making processes and reforms that balance economic development with the protection of Indigenous rights.

Suspicion is an important, yet elusive concept in anti-money laundering and counter-terrorist financing (AML/CFT), which allows for intervention below the threshold of proof. In its traditional form, suspicion can be understood as a situated legal judgement by human actors within identifiable jurisdictions. It is argued that this understanding is no longer adequate. As artificial intelligence (AI) becomes an integral part of financial surveillance, suspicion is increasingly produced through data-driven processes. This transformation is epistemic, but also spatial. Since AI-driven financial surveillance operates through transnational data infrastructures, regulatory reach is less a matter of where conduct occurs than a question of whether such conduct becomes visible within data systems. This article develops the concept of algorithmic extraterritoriality, understood as a form of regulatory power mediated by data infrastructures rather than formal assertions of jurisdiction. Moreover, since individuals are increasingly constituted as datafied subjects of suspicion, they are rendered governable through dispersed and opaque processes of evaluation. This constitutes a challenge for accountability and contestability because suspicion becomes more difficult to locate, explain or contest.

Suspicion is an important, yet elusive concept in anti-money laundering and counter-terrorist financing (AML/CFT), which allows for intervention below the threshold of proof. In its traditional form, suspicion can be understood as a situated legal judgement by human actors within identifiable jurisdictions. It is argued that this understanding is no longer adequate. As artificial intelligence (AI) becomes an integral part of financial surveillance, suspicion is increasingly produced through data-driven processes. This transformation is epistemic, but also spatial. Since AI-driven financial surveillance operates through transnational data infrastructures, regulatory reach is less a matter of where conduct occurs than a question of whether such conduct becomes visible within data systems. This article develops the concept of algorithmic extraterritoriality, understood as a form of regulatory power mediated by data infrastructures rather than formal assertions of jurisdiction. Moreover, since individuals are increasingly constituted as datafied subjects of suspicion, they are rendered governable through dispersed and opaque processes of evaluation. This constitutes a challenge for accountability and contestability because suspicion becomes more difficult to locate, explain or contest.

Critical Security Studies have long advocated for more inclusivity and diversity, by challenging dominant Western state-centric perspectives. This was best exemplified in the postcolonial and femin...

This article examines the interaction between human rights law and international investment law in the context of denial of justice. Although the two legal fields have different foundations, both emphasise the importance of procedural fairness. The analysis asks whether and how denial of justice operates as a functional bridge between these regimes. It focuses on how investment tribunals address claims of denial of justice by reference to human rights law, particularly Article 6(1) of the European Convention on Human Rights. The case law analysis reveals three main themes: convergence, caution, and resistance. The article also considers the role of parallel proceedings, in which the same facts are litigated before investment and human rights fora. Ultimately, the findings suggest that access to justice serves as a bridge between the two fields, illustrating their developing interplay.

This article examines the interaction between human rights law and international investment law in the context of denial of justice. Although the two legal fields have different foundations, they both emphasise the importance of procedural fairness. The analysis asks whether and how denial of justice operates as a functional bridge between these regimes. It focuses on how investment tribunals address claims of denial of justice by reference to human rights, particularly Article 6(1) of the ECHR. The case law analysis reveals three main themes: convergence, caution, and resistance. The article also considers the role of parallel proceedings, where the same facts are litigated before investment and human rights fora. Ultimately, the findings suggest that access to justice serves as a bridge between the two fields, illustrating a developing interplay between them.

This chapter examines the connection between human rights and foreign direct investments, focusing on the potential impact of foreign investments on human rights. It explores the relationship between human rights and international investment law, highlighting that these legal fields are not isolated but interconnected. Through the analysis of investment treaties and case law, the chapter demonstrates how human rights issues increasingly arise in investment arbitration. Ultimately, the chapter argues that embedding human rights considerations into investment frameworks and dispute resolution mechanisms is essential for addressing societal challenges and achieving sustainable development.

The article herein examines the multifaceted challenges of misinformation and disinformation in the media landscape, with a focus on strategies to enhance media literacy among adults. The primary objective of this study is to examine the prevalence, characteristics, and impact of disinformation and misinformation in media within the internet society, ultimately contributing to developing targeted educational programs and policy recommendations. To achieve this, a qualitative research design was carried out to explore the views and the broader societal experiences in media-related challenges. The research design utilized thematic analysis of data collected from focus groups and expert interviews, ensuring the representation of diverse perspectives. By focusing on the information landscape in Cyprus and Greece, the present article aims to address the unique local challenges and contribute to the literature gap. The findings reveal the critical importance of tailored educational programs and the cultivation of critical thinking skills in fostering media literacy and combating false information in an effort to put together in a unique study the various experiences, opinions, and needs of individuals who seek to navigate successfully in an information-rich world.