Veljko M. Mijušković

The paper is structured into six sections. The first section examines the geopolitical significance of energy security and supply security. Energy security has become an increasingly prominent factor in international politics, while diversification of supply is presented as a pathway to building greater resilience against external risks. The second section examines how structural realism explains the underlying interests driving energy cooperation between the European Union and Azerbaijan, thereby shaping the transformation of the security and energy architecture in Europe and the South Caucasus. The third section analyses Azerbaijan's geopolitical position and its historical role in Eurasian energy flows. The fourth section explores Europe's decades-long dependence on Russian gas. The fifth section focuses on the development of bilateral cooperation between the European Union and Azerbaijan. Finally, the sixth section highlights the limitations and risks associated with energy cooperation between the two sides.

Continuous technological changes in various industries are necessary for achieving economic development goals. Logistics, as an integral part of the supply chain, is gaining an increasingly significant role for national economies. To encourage its further development, especially in the era of intensive digitization and the context of Industry 4.0, innovations and new technologies are seen as important drivers. The paper examines the impact of capacity for innovation and availability of latest technologies on countries' overall logistics performance, as well as individual components of international logistics. Additionally, the role of export and import as moderators of this relationship are analysed, to see the patterns of its influence in open economies. The empirical results provide evidence of a positive direct impact of selected technological variables on the elements of international logistics, as well as a positive effect of export and import on the Logistics Performance Index (LPI), while the introduction of moderators into the analysis, using the Baron & Kenny model, points out that the impact of technological components is weaker in economies with a higher volume of exports.

This paper analyzes the transformational role of AI in logistics within the context of Logistics 4.0. Spectrum of artificial intelligence technologies reinforces both operational efficiencies and reduces overall cost. The integration of technologies such as machine learning, predictive analytics, and robotics brings a new revolution to the logistics process. Also, case studies will be elaborated on in order to explain how a leading logistics company, as DHL, applies new technologies, such as artificial intelligence, to optimize delivery routes, real-time tracking, and inventory management while bringing great improvement in customer interaction. It further discusses a number of challenges and opportunities linked to the integration of AI, thus trying to present a wide overview of its influence on modern logistics and future trends. Special attention is paid to how these technologies can revolutionize supply chain management. Artificial intelligence is driving innovation and setting new standards for efficiency and effectiveness in logistics operations. This paper provides further analysis highlighting the ways in which artificial intelligence can make practices more sustainable and international supply chains more resilient to external shocks, and therefore be a cornerstone of any future logistics strategy. The paper ends by underlining the strategic importance of adopting these technologies in preserving competitiveness on the market.

Background: Due to the Covid 19 pandemic, in many countries, higher, secondary and even primary education experienced the unannounced shift from traditional classroom lessons to distance teaching using different technologies. Objectives: The main objective of the research was to identify the most important digital tools applied by educators and students during the pandemic and evaluate their satisfaction with applying these tools in four countries; Croatia, Germany, Poland and Serbia. Methods/Approach: The questionnaires were sent via emails to educators and distributed through the classes to students using digital teaching platforms or emails. The answers were analysed by descriptive statistics. Results: Research showed that Google tools most commonly used by students and educators are; YouTube, Gmail, Google Translate, Google Maps and Google Drive. Microsoft digital tools most commonly used by educators and students in observed countries are; Word, PowerPoint and Excel. Other digital tools most commonly used by educators are Zoom and Moodle, while students mostly use Zoom and Kahoot. Moreover, this paper identifies the main reasons for educators’ insufficient use of digital tools. Conclusions: Google, Microsoft and Zoom dominate their specific domains: Google for networks, Microsoft for documents, and Zoom for online meetings.

The success of managing the distribution of goods, raw materials and the flow of information within a company directly determines the success in managing all operations along the supply chain. Supply chain performance has the status of one of the key organizational performance determinants, while logistics performance is an important determinant of the supply chain performance. The subject of this research is the analysis of impact of logistics performance on organizational performance, with special emphasis on supply chain management performance. Using the analysis of business practice of companies from the territory of the Republic of Serbia, the aim of the research is to crystallize the importance of logistics management for improving the determinants of organizational performance: supply chain management performance, marketing performance and financial performance. The results show that logistics performance is one of the key drivers of generating supply chain management goals, which is directly reflected in the improvement of all categories of organizational performance.

A team of employees that strives for the realization of a common goal is what every company needs, and the success of business depends on the way of functioning and thinking of that team. The organizational culture shapes the way employees think, react and behave. The business practice of companies in the Republic of Serbia has shown that the organizational culture oriented to employees, action and challenges is an important determinant of improving all business performance indicators, including the supply chain integration, which is the main topic of analysis within this paper. The dimensions of organizational culture affect internal integration, integration with customers and integration with suppliers, determining the generation of the key goal of supply chain management which refers to the delivery of the right product, at the right place, at the right time and at reasonable costs.