Ammam Abdelkader

1. Human traditions have developed the knowledge and use of medicinal plants to improve human health [1]. The medicinal properties of plants are due to products synthesized by the plants themselves...

The use of medicinal plants from the traditional African pharmacopoeia in the treatment of various diseases has been known for a long time, and the positive effects of this phytotherapy are no longer in question. However, these practices are based on empiricism. The methanolic extract of the leaves of Artemisia herba-alba has analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties that justify its traditional use. This study evaluates the anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties of the methanolic leaf extract of Artemisia herba-alba. The negative control and test groups received 40 mg/kg of the extract. The anti-hematogenic effects of the extract showed a significant decrease in carrageenan-induced paw edema at 1 and 3 hours, as well as dextran-induced inflammation, compared to the control. In addition, there was inhibition of xylene-induced ear edema with a significant reduction compared to the control (p<0.05). The bacterial activity was determined on five bacterial strains: Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC700603, Citrobacter freindii ATCC8090, Salmonella typhii ATCC13311, Enterobacter coloacae ATCC13047 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC25923, according to the in vitro agar diffusion method (aromatogram). Our extract would therefore be an advantageous source of improved traditional medicine that is accessible and less expensive for people.

Plant species of medicinal interest are involved in various sectors in their raw state or in the form of oils, extracts, aqueous or organic solutions. Their preparations contain one or more active ingredients that can be used for therapeutic purposes. Medicinal plants are recognized for physicochemical properties and richness in natural drugs belonging to different molecule classes such as terpenoids and phenolic compounds, like flavonoids, tannins, coumarins and phenolic acids that contribute to effective protection against numerous pathological processes. This study was devoted to phytochemical screening and evaluation of biological properties, namely, the antioxidant activities of hydroethanolic and infusion extracts prepared from Algerian Sahara Nerium oleander. Phytochemical tests applied to the studied plant showed the presence of several families of chemical compounds, including tannins and flavonoids. All samples exhibited interesting antioxidant activity when compared to the standard Trolox, but the hydroethanolic extract (EC50 values between 18 and 75 µg/mL) presented the highest bioactivity. The contemporary presence of bioactivities suggests that the Saharan Nerium oleander may be a source for such new preservatives in the food and pharmaceutical industries.

This study aims to determine the chemical composition and evaluate the antibacterial activity of the essential oil of leaves dry lavender (Lavandula officinalis). The analysis of the essential oil indicates the presence of terpenes, tannins, saponins, flavonoids, alkaloid, coumarins, and the absence of anthocyanins. Furthermore, of the oil’s antimicrobial activity was evaluated using agar diffusion and broth microdilution methods. The antimicrobial test results showed that the oil had antimicrobial activity against all 8 microorganisms strains included in the study. Results suggest antimicrobial properties of the Lavandula officinalis essential oil, which may find its application in future research for the pharmaceutical industry.

This study was devoted to phytochemical screening and evaluation of biological properties, namely, the antimicrobial activities of hydroethanolic and infusion extracts prepared from Algerian Sahara Matricaria pubescens (Desf). Phytochemical tests applied to the studied plant showed the presence of several families of chemical compounds, including tannins and flavonoids. The in vitro antimicrobial activity of M. pubescens extracts was moderate, while the gram-positive bacteria were more sensitive than the gram-negative strains (MIC values between 10 and 20 mg/mL). The contemporary presence of bioactivities suggests that the Saharan M. pubescens (Desf) may be a source for such new preservatives in the food and pharmaceutical industries.

A new indigenous soil phenol-degrading bacterium strain S2 was successfully isolated from Oum ghellaz lake shore soil in Oran in Algeria. Based on its morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics, the strain S2 was characterized as a Gram-positive, facultatively anaerobic, forms endospores, and short rod-shaped bacterium that utilizes phenol as a sole carbon and energy source also other phenolic compounds. 16SrDNA sequence analysis revealed that this strain is belongs to Niallia nealsonii in the group of firmicutes. The strain was efficient in removing 91.6% of the initial 500 mg.L-1phenol within 48 h and had a tolerance of phenol concentration as high as 1500 mg.L-1. These results indicated that Niallia nealsonii has promising bioremediation potential.

The objective of this work is to demonstrate the importance of the aqueous extract of Opuntia ficus indica species in the preservation of beef and to maintain the microbiological quality of beef by slowing the rate of proliferation of microorganisms of intrinsic and extrinsic alteration (Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeorogenosa, Bacilus substilis, Listeria monocytogenes, Eschirichia coli, Enteroccocus fecalis and Selmonela thyphi). For this, we applied the extract directly to the beef and then performed a series of sensory analyses. The aqueous extract of Opuntia ficus indica L. leaf showed better antibacterial activity with an inhibition zone ranging from 16–21 mm at a concentration of 100%. The study's findings indicate good bacterial and sensory quality. The majority of the tasters preferred the meat preserved with the aqueous extract.

Natural plant extracts contain a variety of biologically active molecules. In this context, and within the framework of the valorization of the extracts of the plant Zingiber officinale, our work was carried out on the study of the cicatrization of the cutaneous pleasures caused in the Wistar rats by comparing them with a batch control (without any treatment) and a batch positive (subjected to a treatment of references).The evaluation of the healing power of the different batches shows that our tested extract has a remarkable The evaluation of the healing power of the different batches shows that our tested extract has remarkable healing potential, which is justified by the values of wound contraction over a period of 15 days. Finally, it should be noted that this work will open up targeted research horizons in the field of plants used in traditional medicine in arid zones.This work will open up new research horizons in the field of plants used in traditional medicine in arid zones, particularly in terms of highlighting their active principles and evaluating their biological activities. By means of this study, our aspiration is to have provided a humble contribution towards promoting traditional medicine, with the aim of rendering efficacious and accessible herbal remedies to the populace.

Anvillea radiata is used in traditional medicine for the treatment of chest colds, indigestion, and gastrointestinal disorders. Our plant has hypoglycaemic, antitumor, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial activity and is used for the treatment of dysentery. We have investigated the analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity of the aqueous extract of Anvillea radiata. In analgesic activity, we have used mice of the strain NMRI Albinos, weighing between 26 and 38 g (in vivo study). Acetic acid was used to induce writhes in mice, and the evaluation of the analgesic activity shows that the aqueous extract at 150 mg/kg of our plant induces a decrease in the number of abdominal cramps caused by 1% acetic acid. The aqueous extract of our plant has an analgesic effect almost equal to that of Diclofenac; in fact, the latter causes a pain inhibition of 30.28 1.1% and that of Anvillea radiata of 28.71 2.1% for a concentration of 150 mg/ kg. Our results of this research indicated that Anvillea radiata inhibited inflammation, which could explain its use in traditional medicine.