Pedro Marco Karan Barbosa

This systematic review investigates the socioemotional factors that motivate the search for nonsurgical or minimally invasive aesthetic procedures. The analysis included studies from the LILACS and SciELO databases, focusing on articles published between 2020 and 2025. The results, based on 3 studies, indicate that the search for such procedures is linked both to the desire to correct physical imperfections and to socioemotional factors such as improved self-esteem and overcoming past negative experiences, such as bullying. The review highlights the importance of considering these emotional factors in clinical practice, despite the limitations found in the number and heterogeneity of the studies analyzed.

Introduction: The unequal distribution of medical schools in Brazil has been widely discussed in recent literature, revealing direct implications for health equity and population access to medical services. Public and private institutions have made efforts to align their curricula with the National Curriculum Guidelines and the principles of the Unified Health System (SUS). However, full alignment remains limited, exposing a gap between the population’s actual health needs and the educational programs offered. Objective: This study describes the evolution of the geographical, administrative, and pedagogical characteristics of medical schools in Brazil. Methods: This mixed-methods study analyzed the development of medical schools, highlighting the predominance of quantitative expansion in medical education, driven by the creation of new institutions. Results: The expansion revealed persistent territorial inequalities in access to health services, reinforced by the growth of private institutions that dominated the national scenario. Although fewer in number, public institutions demonstrated a greater commitment to educational quality and social needs. Furthermore, an increase in the adoption of active methodologies and gradual alignment with the National Curriculum Guidelines were bserved. However, traditional methods remained predominant, and many institutions adopted educational practices with limited transparency, suggesting the need for standardization and continuous monitoring. Conclusion: These findings emphasize the importance of aligning medical education with the National Curriculum Guidelines and the actual health needs of the Brazilian population.

Objetivo: Analisar a Qualidade de Vida dos profissionais da equipe de enfermagem. Material e Método: Foi realizado um estudo transversal, quantitativo e analítico com 127 profissionais de enfermagem (enfermeiros, técnicos e auxiliares) atuantes em um hospital de grande porte no interior do estado de São Paulo. Utilizou-se o questionário World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF) e um instrumento sociodemográfico para coleta de dados. Resultados: A amostra foi composta em sua maioria por mulheres (91,3%), com idade entre 31 e 40 anos (41,7%), em união estável ou casadas (59,1%), com dois filhos (35,4%) e tempo de atuação profissional de até cinco anos (43,3%). A maioria atuava na clínica médica/cirúrgica (36,2%), possuía até cinco anos de formação (31,5%), era composta por técnicos de enfermagem (57,5%), com apenas um vínculo empregatício (64,6%) e plantões predominantemente diurnos (63,8%). Conclusão: Os resultados evidenciam a relevância de reconhecer os fatores psicossociais presentes no ambiente hospitalar e seus impactos na Qualidade de Vida dos profissionais de saúde. A compreensão das condições de trabalho e dos desafios enfrentados pela equipe de enfermagem é fundamental para a implementação de estratégias que promovam o bem-estar, fortaleçam a saúde mental e favoreçam um ambiente profissional mais equilibrado. Tais medidas contribuem para a prevenção de síndromes ocupacionais e para a valorização do cuidado com quem cuida.

Background: Suicidal behavior presents a significant dilemma in the context of Alzheimer’s disease. Numerous ethical discussions have emerged regarding euthanasia for patients suffering from neurodegenerative conditions, and research indicates an elevated incidence of suicide in the early stages of dementia. However, there remains a gap in knowledge concerning the historical prevalence of suicidal ideations or attempts among individuals diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease. This study aims to investigate the historical patterns of suicidal behavior and the associated factors across the lifespan in patients with Alzheimer’s disease. Methods: This study is an excerpt from a case–control research study, where the sample size was calculated at 150 participants, with 75 in the case group and 75 in the control group. Here, the descriptive statistics for the first third of the sample, 50 participants, are discussed. Results: Among the participants in the case group, 12.5% reported having suicidal ideation throughout life, compared to 24% in the control group (OR for suicidal ideation = 0.432 [0.095–1.966]). Additionally, among the participants in the case group, 4% reported having attempted suicide at some point in their life, compared to 8% in the control group (OR for suicide attempts = 0.479 [0.41–5.652]). People with Alzheimer’s disease tended to have a worse quality of life but less suicidality. Conclusions: It appears that suicidal behavior is inversely related to the risk of developing suicidal intentions. The odds ratio data demonstrate the need for a larger sample size to determine whether there is a difference in the history of suicide throughout the lives of people with Alzheimer’s disease and among the general population.

Background: Suicidal behavior has been a dilemma in Alzheimer's disease. Many ethical debates have been raised about euthanasia in patients with neurodegenerative diseases, and there is a finding of increased suicide rates in the early stages of dementia. However, little is known about the history of suicide ideations or attempts in people with Alzheimer's disease. We aim to measure questionnaire adequacy and acceptability in this specific study to investigate the history of behaviors and factors associated with suicidal behavior across the lifespan in patients with Alzheimer's disease. Methods: This study is an excerpt from case-control research, where the sample was calculated at 150 participants, 75 for the case group and 75 for the control group. Here, the descriptive statistics of the first third of the case group sample, 25 participants, were made. Adequacy was observed by comprehension of questionnaires, and acceptability was measured by participants' understanding of the study object.Results: The prevalence of suicidal ideation throughout life was 8%, and 4% attempted suicide at some point in their lives. The total score of QLoS had a median of 71, which demonstrated the consideration of a moderate quality of life. The total score of the SAF-quest had a median of 12, which showed a low suicidal behavior history. All patients were included in understanding the questionnaires.Conclusions: This study demonstrated the adequacy, acceptability, and scarcity of suicidality histories throughout life in Alzheimer’s disease patients.

Introdução: A esquizofrenia é um transtorno psicótico no qual a enfermagem exerce papel fundamental, contribuindo com a terapêutica e enfrentando desafios no processo de cuidar. Objetivo: Identificar na literatura aspectos relacionados à atuação do enfermeiro junto à pessoa com esquizofrenia. Método: Foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica de literatura utilizando artigos em português, inglês e espanhol da base de dados do Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), Base de dados de Enfermagem (BDENF), Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scielo), Index Psicologia e Medical Literature Analysis and Retrievel System Online (Medline). Resultado: Baseada nas questões norteadoras, os resultados apontaram para diversas inserções, entre eles: cuidado integral, trabalho em equipe, assistência direta ao paciente, reabilitação psicossocial, manejo dos sintomas da doença, estresse contínuo, características da doença, falta de equipe treinada, estabelecimento do vínculo e orientação sobre a doença. Conclusão: O papel do enfermeiro no cuidado ao paciente com esquizofrenia é de grande importância, mesmo considerando que muitos desafios ainda devem ser vencidos, no entanto, a atuação profissional no processo de condução assistencial propicia ao paciente continuidade para além do tratamento medicamentoso, passando principalmente pela atenção relacional como complemento de medicamentoso, no entanto, a que se considerar necessidades constantes capacitações no sentido, de contribuir para o manejo e tratamento ideal ao paciente esquizofrênico e sua família.

Introdução: A esquizofrenia é um transtorno psicótico no qual a enfermagem exerce papel fundamental, contribuindo com a terapêutica e enfrentando desafios no processo de cuidar. Objetivo: Identificar na literatura aspectos relacionados à atuação do enfermeiro junto à pessoa com esquizofrenia. Método: Foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica de literatura utilizando artigos em português, inglês e espanhol da base de dados do Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), Base de dados de Enfermagem (BDENF), Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scielo), Index Psicologia e Medical Literature Analysis and Retrievel System Online (Medline). Resultado: Baseada nas questões norteadoras, os resultados apontaram para diversas inserções, entre eles: cuidado integral, trabalho em equipe, assistência direta ao paciente, reabilitação psicossocial, manejo dos sintomas da doença, estresse contínuo, características da doença, falta de equipe treinada, estabelecimento do vínculo e orientação sobre a doença. Conclusão: O papel do enfermeiro no cuidado ao paciente com esquizofrenia é de grande importância, mesmo considerando que muitos desafios ainda devem ser vencidos, no entanto, a atuação profissional no processo de condução assistencial propicia ao paciente continuidade para além do tratamento medicamentoso, passando principalmente pela atenção relacional como complemento de medicamentoso, no entanto, a que se considerar necessidades constantes capacitações no sentido, de contribuir para o manejo e tratamento ideal ao paciente esquizofrênico e sua família.

Objetivo: Identificar na literatura aspectos relacionados aos erros da enfermagem para o atendimento de situações de urgência e emergência em unidade especializada para este atendimento. Método: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, a qual teve como disparador a seguinte indagação: Quais são os erros da enfermagem no atendimento às situações de urgência e emergência em uma unidade hospitalar especializada neste atendimento? Para a coleta de dados, utilizou-se as seguintes bases de dados: BVS – encontrados 210 artigos; MEDLINE – encontrados 128 artigos; BDENF – encontrados 66 artigos; LILACS – encontrados 53 artigos e IBECS – encontrados 3 artigos, e após leitura e seleção dos artigos identificamos 25 que atendessem ao nosso propósito de pesquisa. Resultados: Como resultados, encontramos os relacionados a medicações (64%), seguidos de falhas na comunicação e relação interprofissional (32%), erros relacionados a procedimentos técnicos (28%), processos de gestão (25%), triagem e classificação de risco (12%) e relacionados à documentação (8%), respectivamente. Conclusão: Concluímos que não somente a enfermagem, mas todos os profissionais estão sujeitos a erros e que a utilização de educação permanente/continuada e capacitações são necessárias para minimizar esta situação que acomete diretamente a saúde das pessoas que necessitam de atendimento à saúde.

Objectives: The tau protein is essential for stabilizing microtubules. Changes in its phosphorylation are identified in many neurodegenerative diseases, such as frontotemporal dementia and Alzheimer's disease. The hyperphosphorylation of the tau protein is linked to various factors, including stress, which has a substantial impact on depressive illness. The present study aimed to systematically review studies that describe the association between tau protein and depression.Design: The present study used the PRISMA statement 2020 as the inclusion criterion for articles describing tau protein in individuals with depression. The exclusion criterion was the lack of comparison of tau protein levels with individuals without depression.Results: A total of 138 papers were identified, of which 21 were ultimately included. One out of every three articles included demonstrated the statistical significance of the tau protein values between the depression group and controls. Only one had an adequate sample but demonstrated results without any major significance.Conclusions: The association between tau protein and depression remains unclear. Studies with adequate sampling are necessary to answer this question.

Background: There have been reports of numerous risk factors for Alzheimer's disease. Although widely investigated, some points during the evolution of the disease have been obscure. One of them is a great frustration with therapeutic expectations. Why has there been an increase in suicidal behavior in treatments with anti-beta-amyloid drugs? Interpersonal stress is one of the factors that may be connecting Alzheimer's disease to suicide. Method: To observe possible associations between Alzheimer's disease and suicide, two validated questionnaires were selected. We recruited 20 elderly patients over 65 years old to observe the feasibility of further research using these instruments. The study was considered viable if all participants showed no difficulty in understanding the questions and completed both questionnaires in less than 30 minutes with a tendency to homogeneity. A description of the statistical data obtained was made. Results: All participants adequately understood the questions and completed the questionnaires in less than 30 minutes. In 10% of the sample, suicide attempts occurred throughout their lives. The average age of respondents was 75 years old. The QoSL Pareto diagram demonstrated a large concentration. The data demonstrated homogeneity. Conclusions: The application of the questionnaires in a sample suitable for carrying out analytical statistics was demonstrated. We have two great tools to try to understand the possible association between Alzheimer's disease and suicide.