Sultan Saiful

This study explores potential challenges Indonesian MSMEs may face over the next 10-20 years and proposes strategies to address them. Using strategic foresight methods, the research highlights the importance of digital transformation and legal reforms in enhancing MSME resilience and sustainability. Continuous legal and educational support is emphasized to empower MSMEs and ensure their significant contribution to Indonesia's economic prosperity and food security. Strategic foresight, scenario planning, and trend analysis are employed to identify emerging challenges and opportunities, ensuring MSMEs can navigate future trends effectively. Digital transformation and anticipation of future trends are key to creating resilient and sustainable MSMEs. The report notes that Indonesian MSMEs, which make up 99% of businesses, are vital for the economy. Digitalization is seen as a critical tool to expand market access, reduce costs, and optimize transactions. Legal reforms, such as the Omnibus Law, and enhanced legal and educational support, are essential for MSMEs' growth and sustainability. By leveraging digital transformation and strategic foresight, Indonesia can ensure resilient and sustainable MSMEs that contribute significantly to food security and economic prosperity. Continuous legal and educational support will empower MSMEs to navigate future challenges and thrive in a dynamic economic environment. Embracing digitalization for broader market access and cost reduction is crucial. Policymakers should use strategic foresight to prepare for future trends and challenges, and continuous legal reforms and educational programs are essential to empower MSMEs and foster innovation.

The purpose of the research paper is to investigate the historical significance of three ancient cemetery complexes in Kelambir Lima Kampung, Hamparan Perak, North Sumatra. By analysing 34 Batu Aceh gravestones of the 14th-15th century, the authors aim to establish a connection between these gravestones and the Kingdom of Aru. The scientific novelty. A detailed study was conducted of 34 Batu Aceh-type gravestones in Kelambir Lima Kampung, contributing to their understanding. Chronological dating has been carried out on gravestones of the 14th-15th century and categorisation into specific variant types. The successful reconstruction of an inscribed gravestone from Kajang Batu 1 Cemetery, indicating the presence of an Islamic kingdom, establishes a link between the gravestones and the Kingdom of Aru. Conclusions. The study identified 34 Batu Aceh gravestones, categorised them into specific variants and shows the historical significance of the cemetery complexes. A key finding is an inscribed gravestone bearing the title ‘al-Sultan,’ suggesting the presence of an Islamic kingdom in the region. The research highlights the historical and cultural significance of the gravestones and underscores the importance of these sites in North Sumatra’s history. The presence of a cemetery complex adjacent to the Belawan River suggests the historical existence of an important urban centre and a trading port in the area. This finding contributes to our understanding of the economic and geographical factors that influenced the rise and decline of ancient cities and trading centres. The adoption of Islamic titles and the presence of gravestones with inscriptions referencing sultans reflect the religious and political transformations in the region. This highlights the spread of Islam and its integration into the local governance structures, providing a broader context for the study of Islamic influence in Southeast Asia. The study confirms that cemetery complexes are important for academic research, cultural heritage conservation and historical understanding the past. Funding. This research was supported by the Universitas Sumatera Utara (USU) through the TALENTA Research Grant (No. 115/UN5.2.3.1/PPM/KP-TALENTA/2022). The authors wish to extend their gratitude to the students who contributed to the data collection process.

This study investigates the critical role universities play in the development and empowerment of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Indonesia. The purpose is to evaluate the impact of internal and external university assistance on MSMEs, encompassing entrepreneurial training, mentoring for innovation, access to advanced facilities, collaboration with external stakeholders, and funding facilitation, while proposing strategies to enhance MSME competitiveness and sustainability. The research employs mixed methods, combining qualitative techniques such as in-depth interviews and focus group discussions with quantitative approaches including surveys and statistical analysis. A case study approach is applied to analyze the effectiveness of university-led programs, supplemented by document reviews for secondary data. Findings indicate that university assistance has significantly increased MSMEs' revenue by up to 30%, improved technology adoption, expanded market reach to international audiences, and fostered product innovation. Programs such as the Student Entrepreneurial Development Program (P2MW) and technological grants have successfully addressed MSME challenges, positioning universities as catalysts for growth. The study concludes that through multi-sectoral partnerships and inclusive strategies, universities are instrumental in bridging gaps in MSME development. By fostering innovation, facilitating access to resources, and addressing global economic demands, universities reinforce their role as drivers of national and regional economic sustainability.

This study investigates the factors that influence the financial performance of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Indonesia and how they impact the country's economic growth. Researchers collected data through surveys or interviews and then performed statistical analysis, including regression and correlation methods, to establish relationships between various independent and dependent variables. The findings reveal that the quality of entrepreneurship, such as motivation, entrepreneurial orientation, and risk-taking behavior, exerts a positive influence on the financial performance of MSMEs. MSMEs that manage their working capital optimally tend to experience increased profitability and growth, even in the face of operational difficulties like workforce shortages. MSMEs engaged in foreign trade typically achieve higher profitability. Bank loans can boost profitability and sales, but the requirement for collateral can impede growth. The owner's involvement doesn't influence growth but can enhance profitability. Factors like the Human Resources Index, ethnic group interest, the Rupiah exchange rate, and infla-tion don't significantly impact MSME investment. However, the employment power of business units, investment, and exports of MSMEs significantly drive the growth of the Indonesian economy. The correlation analysis highlights that MSMEs serve a crucial role in job creation, rural development, economic diversification, and GDP contribution in Indonesia. Despite facing challenges, they possess the potential for sustainable growth. This study also delves into strategies to surmount the challenges MSMEs encounter and examines the role of higher education in bolstering the MSME sector. The University of Indonesia (UI) lends its support to the MSME sector through various strategies, including education, training, mentoring, and internship programs. This research imparts valuable knowledge about the operations of MSMEs in Indonesia and their contribution to the economy, underscoring areas that warrant further exploration and potential strategies to foster growth and innovation efforts.

Micro Small Medium Enterpriser’s actors face problems that hinder their innovation activities. Their needs met by supporting instruments have been investigated in a recent research project in Depok. Authors are searching for journals and books that are included in the range of global Google Scholar and the mainstream media news in Indonesia. Researchers apply Qualitative methods. The results for this area from the outset lead to the conclusion that some support needs to be directed, ignoring certain indicated MSMEs deficiencies: direct financial support neglecting the commercialization of innovation. The MSMEs find it difficult to interact with knowledge providers outside the business sector is not reduced by supporting instruments. In addition, they need to perform an adequate interface function for innovation-related resources and information from outside the region. There needs to be more proactive consulting on necessary strategic, organizational, and technological weaknesses because companies are often of these deficiencies. Researchers hope to convene researchers from other institutions to analyze the mentoring is right on target.

The Circular Economy in Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) is developing in Depok. This study aims to analyse the effectiveness and results of mentoring using detailed research methods from journal and manuscript sources, both printed and online books. The author continues with the interview model to strengthen the discovery of the data from valid sources, the time range from 2010 to 2019. The findings show that Assistance to MSMEs in Depok does not make a comprehensive contribution to MSME actors. It is 90% disagree with mentoring. The findings of this study provide a strong foundation for exploring the relevance of the readiness of the private sector and the government to design effective programs to empower MSMEs in Depok, West Java.

The current paper provides an overview of the situation of SMEs in DKI Jakarta. The hope is to improve the economy of SMEs in DKI Jakarta. The method that the author applies is qualitative, searching academic literature and other related materials, focus group discussions to obtain feedback on the design of research reports, and a subjective approach to reviewing existing data and materials. The findings show that almost all SMEs in Indonesia should receive capital assistance from the government. For future research, the authors recommend continuing research by examining in depth the government program for SMEs in DKI Jakarta.

This article discusses the challenges and prospects in the national textile industry. As an important industry in economic development, the textile industry needs regulatory support and strategic policies to overcome several upstream and downstream obstacles. From the upstream industry, TPT includes the fiber industry, spinning, and yarn, knitting, stamping, and finishing, while downstream, it includes the apparel industry. Through the right policies, the textile industry is expected to be able to absorb labor, support national economic growth, and realize clothing resilience. This research uses empirical juridical research methods through tracing and studying secondary data in the form of laws and regulations, academic manuscripts, policy recommendations, and scientific papers of experts in the cybersecurity and empowerment of the small and medium enterprises sector. Secondary data are obtained through Library Research from printed and electronic library materials. Doctrinal research is needed to understand the legal norms that are currently in force (Law in the Book) through a statute approach and a conceptual approach (Conceptual Approach). The results showed that some of the obstacles to the textile industry include limited transportation and electricity infrastructure, low quality of human resources, and access to financing, which is still narrow. For this reason, regulations and policies are needed to guarantee the financing of the textile industry, as well as innovation support for research institutions and related institutional cooperation—notably the Indonesia Central Bank (B.I.) and Financial Services Authority.