G. E. Ibrahim

This conceptual paper investigates how federated youth sports clubs in France can operate as informal educational ecosystems to promote sustainability-oriented behaviors and civic responsibility in children aged 7 to 12

The implementation of environmental management systems is increasingly recognized as essential for advancing sustainability in healthcare, particularly in resource-constrained contexts such as Iraq. This study evaluates the compliance of Iraqi public and private hospitals with ISO 14001:2015 standards, revealing significant discrepancies between the two sectors. Utilizing a quantitative descriptive approach, data were collected through field surveys, structured interviews, and document analysis to assess environmental management systems practices. Private hospitals demonstrated a compliance rate of 75%, while public hospitals achieved a compliance rate of only 50%. Key deficiencies in public hospitals were identified in operation (78% gap) and improvement (73% gap), indicating systemic weaknesses. Although private hospitals performed better, they still exhibited notable gaps, particularly in leadership and performance evaluation, both at 29%. Challenges common to both sectors included insufficient resource allocation, limited environmental awareness, and inadequate leadership involvement. These findings underscore the urgent need for targeted interventions to address barriers to adoption of environmental management systems. Strategies such as fostering stronger leadership commitment, optimizing resource allocation, incorporating advanced environmental technologies, and implementing ongoing staff training are recommended to bridge the compliance gap. This study provides critical insights into enhancing environmental performance and promoting sustainable healthcare practices in Iraq. Furthermore, it serves as a reference for addressing similar challenges in developing countries, emphasizing the importance of aligning healthcare operations with international environmental management standards. Acknowledgment The authors wish to convey their sincere appreciation to the two selected hospitals for their cooperation and willingness to participate in this study. The provision of necessary documentation and the allocation of time by these institutions have been invaluable in facilitating the completion of the research.

Since 2019, Lebanon has been beset by a multitude of problems. The scale of the country's depression has led to the collapse of even the most basic public services. Beyond a drop in consumption, consumers in times of crisis adjust their purchasing behavior by adopting the following behaviors: reduced consumption and waste; more scrupulous purchasing decisions; increased search for information. Looking at the Lebanese landscape, we can see that the crisis has encouraged the adoption of more responsible behavior. The decline in resources in the face of the economic crisis have enabled collaborative consumption to flourish. For example, the authors note the rise of varied practices such as donating, selling, renting, buying second-hand products, car-sharing, recycling, DIY behavior, and so on. Through this research, and by means of a survey of Lebanese consumers, they explore several points in greater depth: What are the trends among Lebanese consumers in the context of the crisis? What are the motivations behind collaborative consumption? What are the marketing implications?

Turnover is a common occurrence where employees choose to leave an organization. Despite previous research on turnover intentions and job satisfaction, the impact of work experience and perceived alternative job opportunities, especially during economic crises, has not been adequately studied. This study aims to explore the relationship between turnover intentions and job satisfaction, considering factors of work experience and perceptions of other job opportunities. This study was conducted in Lebanon, and 156 educators were surveyed via electronic questionnaires. The data analysis included descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and hierarchical regression modeling. The findings reveal a significant negative correlation between turnover intention and job satisfaction (r = –0.315*, p < 0.05). Perceived alternative job opportunities do not show a significant correlation with job satisfaction (ß = –0.028, p > 0.05), thus having no moderating role. However, work experience significantly moderates the relationship between job satisfaction and turnover intentions (ß = –0.052*, p < 0.05). Despite the negative impact on job satisfaction, Lebanon’s economic crisis affects teachers’ decision to stay due to limited job opportunities. AcknowledgmentThe authors sincerely appreciate all the teachers who devoted their time to participate in the survey.

Heritage represents the identity of peoples, which requires holding on to its authenticity and preservation, as it is the Physical history and the true mirror of any civilization, where the relationship between man and his heritage remains an organic relationship represents in his identity and related to his consciousness extent . Upholstery fabrics are considered an essential component of interior design and are designed to complete it and to accomplish its functional and aesthetic purposes, which made its a continuity is a need ,and It has a high level of precision and care for its quality, performance and appearance. The present study provides an entrance to the development of design skills of the students of spinning and weaving sector by studying the aesthetics of the vocabulary of popular heritage and its impact on the development of students creative aspects , The students under study made 7 designs using the folklore heritage suitable for upholstery fabrics, and recruit these designs using computer. The designs produced were presented to textile specialists in textile sector through a questionnaire prepared for this purpose, The questionnaire was statistically analyzed using SPSS Excel to reach the results, where the most important result was that the aesthetics of the heritage worked on the development of design skills of spinning and weaving students and that the real value of upholstery fabrics is due to the design factor in its different motifs. The search problem is cincerned with the Low level of aesthetics of upholstery fabrics in the markets, especially related to heritage and the appearance of decorative types from different cultures, prompted the interior designer to use non Ornament fabrics in upholstery ,And the questions of looking for How to create contemporary textile designs that achieve integration between textile design and interior design using the motif of heritage. , To what extent can the vocabulary of the folklore be used to inspire innovative artistic designs that Advance the field of textile design and How does the textile design derived from heritage achieve the advanced design requirements and sustainability and The research aims to, development tourist village furniture using upholstery fabrics with designs from heritage, Revealing the aesthetic dimensions of heritage and opening new horizons to achieve integration between textile and interior design and Finding different techniques to the unimodular textile designs of upholstery, inspired by ornamental heritage ,that combine between originality and contemporary and Developing design skills for students of spinning and weaving , and illustration the role of design in revealing the relationship of creative production to them with heritage and The importance of the research lies in Demonstrating the aesthetic values in the heritage motifs and their role in development upholstery design to contribute to identity preservation and Development of design skills for students of spinning and weaving and creating of textiles designs inspired by heritage that fit the present and achieve sustainability and The research method is descriptive and empirical And the most important results Aesthetic awareness of heritage and culture and the use of heritage motifs in textile design that needs to be studied in order not to be used randomly, . Heritage motifs can be used as a source that opens new perspectives in the production of modern designs that are compatible with the local and international market, Innovative designs have a nationalistic character and contained an educational message by learning about ancestral heritage, The textile designer’s use of heritage motifs increases innovation in textile design and preserves cultural identity and Achieving the hypothesis of research into a breakthrough in student design using heritage motifs ,The rates of progress and improvement varied according to the abilities of each student and the results appeared in a positive direction.

Curtain fabrics are generally considered as an essential element in the completion of the interior design, which makes the need for it continues. Office curtains play an important role in administrative buildings, as it adds an aesthetical role in addition to its functional role. The research is based on studying the effect of some construction factors on the functional and aesthetical properties of office curtains fabrics, and The research problem is on the lack of methodology for designing and producing office curtains used in administrative buildings in addition to the lack of knowledge of the designers to the properties and nature of chenille yarns and . Typical use of chanilla yarns with restricted and reiterated applied methods. The importance of the research lies in the necessity of giving attention to office curtains and produce new and innovative quality with new aesthetic and weave values of ornamental yarns (Chanelia) for use in administrative buildings. The research aims to Good recruitment of Chanelia yarns to achieve the aesthetic and functional values of the product and production of new office curtain from chanelia yarns that compete with international products. where , in this research , office curtains were produced using fancy yarn, using polyester, acrylic and viscose blended in different ratios. Tests as tensile strength, elongation, air permeability, thickness and weight of fabrics and abrasion resistance were carried out on the samples under study according to the standard conditions required to determine the properties of the product and its suitability for using. The research has reached many results, the most important where sample No. (2) was considered the best sample as it gave the highest value for shrinkage ratio, thickness, weight tensile strength, elongation, , and lowest air permeability . The polyester material has recorded the highest values of tensile strength and air permeability compared to cotton and whereas viscose material has given the lowest of results of tensile strength compared to the other materials, and the acrylic material gave good values for all properties, Obtaining a clear prominence and decline in the curtains produced using the Chanelia yarns, The production of new quality office curtains using chanilla yarns helps to beautify and peculiarity administrative building and the increasing the percentage of fancy yarns, the abrasion resistance, weight, thickness, tensile strength and elongation of the samples become higher .