Pei-Chang Wen

While business schools aim to train students to develop specialized professional competencies, knowledge, and skills related to management and corporate functions according to their major programs, entrepreneurship education in higher education intends to develop students’ entrepreneurial competencies and intention. However, the entrepreneurial and managerial domains are not mutually exclusive but overlap to a certain extent. This study utilized the National Taiwan University (NTU) as a case to explore the effects of two paths of entrepreneurial education at NTU on the development of students’ entrepreneurial competencies and intention. The aim of this study was to investigate differences in business school students’ entrepreneurial competencies and intention between those who took the Creativity and Entrepreneurship Program (CEP) and those who did not, and to explore the context limits or facilitations in the entrepreneurship education of college students in different academic disciplines of management school. Results of the study showed that the CEP course did have positive impacts on all entrepreneurial competencies and intention, that the effectiveness on the attitude domains was more evident than that on the knowledge or skills domains, and that academic disciplines did have a context effect on students’ entrepreneurial competencies and intention. This study sheds further light on the “black box” of context limits or facilitations in entrepreneurship education. Implications of the study are that it may lead to a complementary framework of effectively integrating the entrepreneurial program with the business and management courses, which would better facilitate students’ learning of entrepreneurship competencies and may increase their intention to become future entrepreneurs.

There is not much literature on fuel economy performance of motorcycles from laboratory approval tests in the real world. The mainstream official statistics from laboratory approval tests report fuel efficiencies for each motorcycle model. However, our tests reveal that fuel efficiencies of urban arterials are 55-60% to the lab-test harmonic means regardless of age deterioration. Alternatively, with the on-board measurement system OBS-584 developed by ARTC suitable for motorcycles, it enables on-road data available for motorcycles. We found that average fuel consumption by speed showed positive correlations to speeds, regardless of laboratory approval tests, urban or rural on-road tests. Moreover, similar correlation patterns of younger and older motorcycles suggest that the statistic regressions are probably a shared form among models or across ages. Further investigations into data directly collected from motorcycles in the real world might shed light on new approaches to better quantifying fuel consumptions of motorcycles driving on the road.