Dewi Gafuraningtyas

An agrarian reform program encompassing asset and access arrangement was implemented to address the inequality in land ownership. Furthermore, asset management and access management models are integrated in the same location to increase the effectiveness of the agrarian reform program. As a pilot project, the first Kampung Reforma Agraria (KRA) was implemented in Mekarsari Village, Panimbang District, Pandeglang Regency, by distributing land to 225 subjects. However, after five years of implementing agrarian reform, some subjects still have not occupied KRA locations. This condition indicates that some subjects are reluctant to live in the designated location. Therefore, this research aims to analyze the profile and characteristics of TORA subjects’ residences who have yet to occupy the land granted in the KRA and the influence of these two factors on their spatial preferences regarding agrarian reform policies. By interviewing 23 TORA subjects who had yet to occupy the Tanah Objek Reforma Agraria (TORA) location and transfer their land rights, the results show that 52.5% wanted to move to KRA. In contrast, 47.5% did not want to occupy their land in KRA. Based on the analysis of the physical characteristics of the TORA subjects’ residences, the relationship between the physical distance from the subject’s current residence to KRA and the subject’s preference to move to KRA was not very significant. The factors most influencing the subject’s preferences are the residence’s non-physical characteristics, the land’s current legal status, and the socio-economic profile. Based on these findings, policymakers responsible for setting the criteria for land recipients should enhance the supervision system for subject selection from the outset. Furthermore, when designing access provision programs, it is essential to account for the diverse preferences and needs of each subject group. Keywords: Agrarian Reform; Access Arrangement; Asset Arrangement; Kampung Reforma Agraria; Spatial Preferences.

The agricultural sector in Indonesia is experiencing a growing trend of converting land for nonagricultural purposes owing to economic and demographic growth. The government implemented Law No. 41 of 2009, which specifically addresses Perlindungan Lahan Pertanian Pangan Berkelanjutan (PLP2B). Sukabumi Regency in West Java proactively addressed the issue by implementing Regional Regulation Number 08 of 2014, specifically designed to manage Lahan Pertanian Pangan Berkelanjutan (LP2B). This study focuses on the responses of farmers in the Pelabuhan Ratu District to identify LP2B locations within the regency. Information was collected through interviews with the 36 farmers. These farmers were divided into six clusters based on the distribution of LP2B. The cluster assignment was chosen based on the close physical proximity of the places. Farmers were selected randomly in rice field locations during the researcher’s field visits to the LP2B site. Subsequently, the data were subjected to descriptive analyses. The findings indicate that farmers residing in lowland regions near densely populated areas frequently engage in sharecropping arrangements and have a poor comprehension of LP2B. Conversely, farmers residing in distant highland areas exhibited a superior understanding. The specific physiographic characteristics of the area and the existence of farmer groups shaped the variation in knowledge. To improve future implementation, policymakers should ensure uniform distribution of policies throughout all regions and strengthen farmer groups. This strategic approach not only promotes awareness, but also fosters sustainable agricultural practices, ensuring the effectiveness of LP2B in preserving Indonesia's agricultural landscape.

In recent years, the Indonesian government has built several airports, including the Yogyakarta International Airport (YIA) in the Special Region of Yogyakarta (DIY). With the development of the airport, it will create a multiplier effect in which the growth of various facilities around it to support the needs of airport service users, which were previously very minimal or not even available around the airport area. This condition will certainly impact land cover and use in the surrounding area. This study aims to detect temporal changes in land cover in Temon District before development (2016), after it started operating (2019), and 2022 using several algorithms and indices such as Random Forest, Normalized Difference Built-up Index (NDBI), Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), detection via google earth, and nighttime light (NTL). The results show a significant change in land cover, namely an increase in the built-up area while the other land cover classes decrease. Built-up area increased from 246.54 ha (6,72%) in 2016 to 617.83 ha (16,86%) in 2019, primarily due to the construction of airports. By 2022, the built-up area further expanded to 977.25 ha (26,67%), driven by the development of surrounding areas, including settlements, hotels, and other structures. In contrast, other land cover types have shown a decrease in area from 2016 to 2022. For example, vegetated agricultural areas reduced by 515.29 ha, bare land decreased by 111.43 ha, non-agricultural vegetation decreased by 48.81 ha, and water bodies reduced by 55.18 ha. Based on NTL, connectivity from Temon District to the surrounding areas has increased from 2016 to 2022. ABSTRAK Dalam beberapa tahun belakangan ini, pemerintah Indonesia telah membangun sejumlah bandar udara dan salah satunya adalah Yogyakarta International Airport (YIA) di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY). Dengan adanya pembangunan bandara maka akan menimbulkan multiplier effect (efek pengganda), yakni terjadinya pertumbuhan berbagai fasilitas di sekitarnya sebagai penunjang kebutuhan pengguna jasa bandara yang sebelumnya sangat minim atau bahkan belum tersedia di sekitar wilayah bandara. Hal ini tentunya akan memberikan dampak pada tutupan dan penggunaan lahan pada wilayah sekitarnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeteksi adanya perubahan tutupan lahan secara temporal di Kecamatan Temon sebelum pembangunan (2016), saat mulai beroperasi (2019), hingga saat ini (2022) dengan menggunakan beberapa algoritma dan indeks seperti random forest, normalized difference built-up index (NDBI), normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), deteksi melalui google earth, dan night time light (NTL). Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perubahan yang cukup signifikan pada tutupan lahan, yakni meningkatnya luasan area terbangun sedangkan kelas tutupan lahan lainnya berkurang. Lahan terbangun meningkat dari 246,54 ha (6,72%) pada tahun 2016 menjadi 617,83 ha (16,86%) pada tahun 2019, terutama disebabkan oleh pembangunan bandara. Pada tahun 2022, area terbangun semakin meluas menjadi 977,25 ha (26,67%), didorong oleh pengembangan area sekitarnya, termasuk permukiman, hotel dan lainnya. Sebaliknya, tutupan lahan lainnya menunjukkan penurunan luas dari tahun 2016 hingga 2022. Diantaranya lahan pertanian berkurang 515,29 ha, lahan terbuka berkurang 111.43 ha, vegetasi nonpertanian berkurang 48,81 ha, dan badan air berkurang sebesar 55,18 ha. Berdasarkan NTL, konektivitas dari Kecamatan Temon ke sekitarnya mengalami peningkatan dari tahun 2016 hingga tahun 2022. Berdasarkan NTL, konektivitas dari Kecamatan Temon menuju wilayah sekitarnya semakin meningkat dari periode tahun 2016 hingga 2022.

ABSTRAK Seiring dengan dinamika pembangunan yang ditandai pertumbuhan ekonomi dan demografi di Indonesia, setiap tahunnya alih fungsi lahan pertanian menjadi nonpertanian semakin meningkat. Kondisi ini tentunya mengancam ketahanan pangan di Indonesia. Oleh sebab itu, pemerintah berupaya menekan konversi lahan pertanian dengan menerbitkan Undang-Undang Nomor 41 Tahun 2009 tentang Perlindungan Lahan Pertanian Pangan Berkelanjutan atau disingkat PLP2B. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tren penelitian mengenai perubahan penggunaan lahan dan lahan pertanian pangan berkelanjutan (LP2B). Metode yang digunakan adalah PRISMA framework untuk menentukan jumlah artikel yang akan dianalisis. Analisis artikel yang sudah ditetapkan dilakukan dengan menggunakan analisis bibliometric yang diolah melalui Rstudio. Hasilnya menunjukan bahwa dalam kajian perubahan penggunaan lahan pada dasarnya terbagi menjadi dua klaster. Pada klaster pertama kajian lebih menekankan pada penggunaan lahan dan faktor pengaruhnya (aktivitas manusia, deforestasi, populasi/antropogeni, pembangunan berkelanjutan) serta metode yang sering digunakan dalam kajian yakni penginderaan jauh. Sedangkan pada klaster kedua, kajiannya terkait dengan lingkungan yakni vegetasi, pertanian, ekosistem, konservasi, dan manusia. Kajian mengenai LP2B pun secara garis besar terbagi menjadi dua yakni pemodelan peta indikasi LP2B pada wilayah yang belum memiliki penetapan LP2B dan evaluasi terhadap implementasi LP2B pada wilayah yang sudah menetapkan luasannya. ABSTRACTAlong with the dynamics of development marked by economic and demographic growth in Indonesia, every year the conversion of agricultural land to non-agricultural land is increasing. This condition certainly threatens food security in Indonesia. Therefore, the government is trying to suppress the conversion of agricultural land by issuing Law Number 41 of 2009 concerning the Protection of Sustainable Food Agricultural Land or abbreviated as PLP2B. This article aims to analyze research trends regarding land use change and sustainable food agriculture (LP2B). The method used is the PRISMA Framework to determine the number of articles to be analyzed. The analysis of the articles that have been determined is carried out using bibliometric analysis which is processed through Rstudio. The results show that the study of land use change is basically divided into two klasters. In the first klaster, the study places more emphasis on land use and its influencing factors (human activities, deforestation, population/anthropogeny, sustainable development) as well as the method often used in the study, namely remote sensing. While in the second klaster, the studies are related to the environment, namely vegetation, agriculture, ecosystems, conservation, and humans. The study of LP2B is broadly divided into two, namely modeling of LP2B indication maps in areas that do not yet have LP2B determinations and evaluation of LP2B implementation in areas that have determined their area.