Péter Szabó

A tanulmány célja, hogy rávilágítson az úszásoktatásban zajló nemzetközi szemléletváltás alapjaira, különös tekintettel a vízbiztonság, a vízi kompetencia és a vízi műveltség fogalmainak pontosítására. A szakirodalmi áttekintésre és a legfrissebb nemzetközi modellekre (pl. Aquatic Literacy) támaszkodva bemutatja, hogyan formálódik egy olyan elméleti keret, amely új utakat nyithat a hazai gyakorlat számára. A vízi műveltség modellje a motoros, pszichoszociális és kognitív dimenziók együttes integrációjaként értelmezhető, ami a pozitív tanulási élményeken keresztül támogatja a fenntartható részvételt a vízi fizikai aktivitásokban. Az új fogalom (vízi műveltség = Aquatic Literacy) a testkulturális műveltség (Physical Literacy) vízi környezetre adaptált, holisztikus megfelelője. Ez a komplex keretrendszer kiindulópontként szolgálhat a hazai oktatásban és kutatásban alkalmazható, releváns beavatkozások tervezéséhez.

This study evaluates fragmented data on ultraviolet-C (UV-C, 100–280 nm) irradiation for viral inactivation in liquid media, supporting advances such as whole-pathogen vaccine development and downstream research. Included studies reported viral strain identification, baseline titers (PFU or TCID₅₀), UV-C wavelength, dosage, and log reductions, excluding studies employing alternative treatments. We searched (PubMed, Ovid Medline, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science; 10 April 2024) and identified 2813 records, of which 33 met the inclusion criteria. Risk of bias was assessed using ROBINS-I V2 to evaluate methodological rigor and inform improved reporting. Narrative synthesis summarized findings across viruses, while meta-analysis focused on 16 SARS-CoV-2 studies with standardized reporting. Meta-regression revealed a strong dose–response relationship (log_dose β = 3.38, 95% CI [2.95, 3.82], p < 0.001) with low heterogeneity (I² = 15.1%). Strain and wavelength-specific efficacy peaked at 267 nm (β = 6.42) and 275 nm (β = 3.78), while 253.7 nm offered structural preservation for downstream applications. Limitations included inconsistent dose reporting, matrix effects, and assay sensitivity. We propose a refined reporting framework and standard definitions for ‘inactivation’, ‘‘disinfection,’ and ‘complete inactivation.’ Our findings support reproducible UV-C evaluation, regulatory alignment, and safe implementation in pathogen control, biosafety, and clinical applications.

Effective communication is essential for professional practice, yet medical curricula rarely incorporate systematic, performance-based training. The Sell Yourself!—Presentation Techniques course was developed to address this gap through a two-day, practice-oriented program integrating rhetorical training, evolutionary psychology, and structured peer feedback. We examined anonymized institutional evaluations from 450 medical students using descriptive statistics and combined inductive–deductive thematic and content coding to gauge the perceived educational utility of the course. The course received a mean satisfaction rating of 9.6/10, with approximately 74% of students assigning the maximum score. Inductive analysis identified interactivity (143 mentions), practical usefulness (76), feedback and improvement (75), positive atmosphere (51), instructor quality (47), and multimedia examples (37) as key strengths, while critiques primarily concerned breaks and scheduling (62), course length and intensity (59), and smaller concerns regarding feedback processes, content structure, and technical issues. Deductive coding indicated perceived improvements across five predefined dimensions: increased confidence, rhetorical fluency, feedback quality, peer recognition, and cultural inclusivity. Structured rhetorical training appears to be well received by learners and may provide a feasible model for embedding communication competence in medical education. These findings also offer a transferable template for integrating performance-based communication training into other programs. However, conclusions are limited by reliance on self-reported perceptions and the absence of a control group or direct assessment of applied communication outcomes.

Introduction: This systematic review investigates the interplay between oxytocin and exercise; in terms of analgesic, anti-inflammatory, pro-regenerative, and cardioprotective effects. Furthermore, by analyzing measurement methods, we aim to improve measurement validity and reliability.Methods: Utilizing PRISMA, GRADE, and MECIR protocols, we examined five databases with a modified SPIDER search. Including studies on healthy participants, published within the last 20 years, based on keywords “oxytocin,” “exercise” and “measurement,” 690 studies were retrieved initially (455 unique records). After excluding studies of clinically identifiable diseases, and unpublished and reproduction-focused studies, 175 studies qualified for the narrative cross-thematic and structural analysis.Results: The analysis resulted in five categories showing the reciprocal impact of oxytocin and exercise: Exercise (50), Physiology (63), Environment (27), Social Context (65), and Stress (49). Exercise-induced oxytocin could promote tissue regeneration, with 32 studies showing its analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects, while 14 studies discussed memory and cognition. Furthermore, empathy-associated OXTR rs53576 polymorphism might influence team sports performance. Since dietary habits and substance abuse can impact oxytocin secretion too, combining self-report tests and repeated salivary measurements may help achieve precision.Discussion: Oxytocin’s effect on fear extinction and social cognition might generate strategies for mental training, and technical, and tactical development in sports. Exercise-induced oxytocin can affect the amount of stress experienced by athletes, and their response to it. However, oxytocin levels could depend on the type of sport in means of contact level, exercise intensity, and duration. The influence of oxytocin on athletes’ performance and recovery could have been exploited due to its short half-life. Examining oxytocin’s complex interactions with exercise paves the way for future research and application in sports science, psychology, and medical disciplines.Systematic Review Registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=512184, identifier CRD42024512184