Mohammed Nasser Albarqi

Introduction: Telemedicine and artificial intelligence (AI) are reshaping healthcare delivery, yet their integration into routine family practice remains inconsistent. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to identify barriers and enablers influencing the adoption of telemedicine and AI in primary care and to quantify their effects on clinical and operational outcomes. Methods: This review followed PRISMA guidelines and was registered with PROSPERO (CRD420251029675). Six databases—PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, and IEEE Xplore—were searched from inception to March 15, 2025. Eligible studies were randomized controlled trials examining telemedicine or AI implementation in family practice or primary care settings. Data extraction covered study characteristics, intervention type, outcomes, and reported barriers and enablers. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 tool. Narrative synthesis, thematic analysis, and random-effects meta-analysis were conducted where appropriate. Results: Thirteen randomized controlled trials involving more than 29,000 participants were included. Telemedicine interventions showed favorable study-level effects on chronic disease management, access to care, and patient satisfaction, although the pooled clinical effect across ten trials did not reach statistical significance. AI applications significantly improved diagnostic accuracy and clinical decision-making, with a pooled log odds ratio of 0.73 (95% CI: 0.46–1.00). Key enablers included clinician engagement, reliable digital infrastructure, leadership support, training, and workflow integration. Major barriers included technological interoperability, clinician skepticism, patient digital literacy limitations, privacy concerns, and uncertain reimbursement or governance frameworks. Discussion: Telemedicine and AI have promising roles in strengthening family practice, particularly for access, chronic disease management, diagnostic support, and decision-making. Sustainable implementation requires attention to technological, organizational, regulatory, and human factors, alongside targeted training, policy support, and integration into routine primary care workflows.

Digital distraction and excessive engagement with instant-reward technologies, including social media and streaming platforms, are associated with reduced attention control, procrastination, and impaired self-regulation among university students. Nursing students face academic and clinical demands that require planning, prioritization, and sustained concentration. This study examined whether a brief structured digital abstinence intervention was associated with short-term improvement in time management behaviors among undergraduate nursing students. A quasi-experimental pre-post control group study with a supplementary exploratory qualitative component was conducted among 90 undergraduate nursing students at King Faisal University, Saudi Arabia, during the 2024-2025 academic year. Participants were allocated to an intervention group (n = 45) or a control group (n = 45) using matched allocation based on academic year, GPA category, and gender. The intervention group completed a structured 48-hour digital abstinence protocol restricting non-academic digital activities; the control group continued usual routines. Time management was assessed before and immediately after the intervention using the Time Management Behavior Scale (TMBS), and written reflections from the intervention group were analyzed thematically. Compared with the control group, the intervention group showed greater short-term improvement in TMBS total change scores (+ 6.7 +/- 4.5 vs. +0.3 +/- 3.6; mean difference = 6.4; 95% CI: 4.69 to 8.11; Cohen's d = 1.57; p < 0.001). Improvements were also observed for goal setting/prioritization, task mechanics, time control, and organizational preference. Qualitative reflections suggested increased awareness of digital habits, improved academic focus, and more intentional study-time use. Correlations between TMBS improvement and GPA, baseline device-use category, and academic level were exploratory and should be interpreted cautiously. A brief structured digital abstinence intervention was associated with short-term improvement in self-reported time management behaviors among undergraduate nursing students. Because the study was quasi-experimental, single-site, self-reported, and limited to an immediate 48-hour post-test, causal and long-term claims should be interpreted cautiously. Future randomized multicenter studies should include objective screen-time measures and longer follow-up. NCT07467057 Retrospectively registered (11-3-2016).

Emergency laparotomy carries high postoperative morbidity and mortality, requiring coordinated perioperative care to optimize recovery. Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocols improve outcomes in elective surgery; however, their implementation in emergency settings remains complex. Limited evidence explores how nurses perceive and operationalize ERAS in high-acuity contexts. This study aimed to examine nurses' perspectives on the influence of ERAS protocols on postoperative recovery following emergency laparotomy in tertiary care. A qualitative descriptive design was employed, grounded in a constructivist-informed, descriptive epistemological orientation. Twenty registered nurses from surgical wards, intensive care units [ICU], high-dependency units [HDU], and post-anesthesia care units [PACU] in two tertiary government teaching hospitals in the Al-Ahsa region, Saudi Arabia, participated in semi-structured interviews. Participants had direct experience caring for patients undergoing emergency laparotomy and exposure to ERAS related practices. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis. The study adhered to SRQR guidelines. Ethical approval was obtained from the Institutional Review Board of King Faisal University. Four interrelated themes were identified: (1) ERAS as a structured recovery roadmap providing measurable milestones; (2) balancing protocol and patient instability through adaptive modification; (3) nursing advocacy and clinical judgment as central mediators of implementation; and (4) system constraints, including staffing and institutional variability, shaping consistency. These findings informed the Adaptive ERAS Implementation Model, conceptualizing ERAS enactment as a dynamic, nurse-mediated and context-dependent process. ERAS implementation in emergency laparotomy is adaptive rather than checklist-driven. Its effectiveness depends on nursing leadership, interdisciplinary collaboration, and organizational support. Strengthening these elements may enhance sustainable recovery pathways in high-acuity surgical settings. Not applicable.

Nursing workforces worldwide are ageing, yet little is known about how senior nurses experience ageing at work and adapt their professional roles within ra

Background: Home-based digital healthcare interventions are increasingly used to support people living with dementia (PLWD) and their family caregivers. However, evidence regarding their effectiveness across patient and caregiver outcomes remains heterogeneous. Methods: This systematic review followed PRISMA 2020 guidelines and was prospectively registered in PROSPERO (CRD420261302166). Six databases (PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and Scopus) were searched from January 2000 to October 2025. Randomized and quasi-experimental quantitative studies evaluating home-based or remotely delivered digital interventions for PLWD and/or informal caregivers were included. Risk of bias was assessed using RoB 2 and ROBINS-I. Due to heterogeneity, findings were synthesized narratively. Results: Fourteen studies met the inclusion criteria. Interventions included web-based psychoeducation, telecoaching, digital cognitive training, assistive technologies, and multicomponent programs. Caregiver outcomes demonstrated the most consistent benefits, including reduced burden and stress, improved self-efficacy, and improved sleep efficiency in technology-supported trials. For PLWD, small-to-moderate improvements were observed in global cognition and selected neuropsychiatric symptoms, particularly in interactive and personalized programs. Multicomponent interventions combining caregiver education with patient activation and professional feedback showed more durable effects. Conclusions: Home-based digital interventions appear feasible and beneficial, particularly for caregiver outcomes. Future large-scale trials with longer follow-up and standardized outcome measures are needed to confirm durability, equity, and cost-effectiveness.

Effective self-management is central to living well with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), yet its success depends heavily on how nurses transl

Listening beyond words is central to culturally safe nursing care, particularly in rural hospital settings where communication with Bedouin patients is sha

Voluntary fasting at the end of life raises complex spiritual, ethical, and clinical challenges for palliative care providers. This qualitative study explored healthcare professionals' experiences in managing patient‐initiated fasting within a culturally and religiously diverse palliative care context in Saudi Arabia. Sixteen participants—including nurses, physicians, and allied health professionals—were interviewed using a phenomenological‐hermeneutic approach and analyzed through reflexive thematic analysis. Four interrelated themes emerged: (1) between respect and responsibility, reflecting ethical tensions between honoring autonomy and providing care; (2) spiritual framing of fasting, where fasting was seen as a sacred act of surrender and divine preparation; (3) emotional labor and moral conflict, capturing the psychological toll of managing spiritually motivated fasting; and (4) negotiating care in cultural contexts, illustrating the lack of institutional support and the need for culturally responsive frameworks. Findings highlight the necessity of structured spiritual care integration, ethical training, and culturally sensitive protocols to support both patients' dignity and clinicians' moral integrity at life's end.

Background/Objectives: Neonatal outcomes, including low birth weight, preterm birth, and neonatal mortality, pose significant global health challenges, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Prenatal care has emerged as a critical intervention in mitigating these risks through medical, nutritional, and psychosocial support. This study aimed to systematically assess the effectiveness of prenatal care interventions in preventing neonatal outcomes across diverse settings. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted according to PRISMA guidelines, with the protocol registered in PROSPERO (CRD42024601066). Fourteen peer-reviewed studies were included following a comprehensive search across five major databases. Eligible studies reported quantitative neonatal outcomes associated with prenatal care interventions, including nutritional supplementation, mental health services, telehealth, and routine antenatal care. Random-effects models were used for meta-analysis, and the risk of bias was assessed using RoB 2 and the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale. Results: Nutritional interventions, especially folic acid and iron supplementation, significantly reduced neonatal mortality by up to 40% (RR = 0.60, 95% CI: 0.54–0.68). High-quality prenatal care was associated with a 41% reduction in neonatal mortality. Psychosocial support reduced the risk of low birth weight and preterm birth, while telehealth interventions lowered NICU admissions in low-risk populations (RR = 0.88, 95% CI: 0.75–1.03). Heterogeneity was substantial (I² = 70%), and publication bias was suggested. Conclusions: Comprehensive prenatal care, integrating medical, nutritional, and mental health interventions, significantly improves neonatal outcomes. The global implementation of accessible, high-quality prenatal services is essential, particularly in underserved populations, to reduce neonatal morbidity and mortality.

Background: Continuity of care is a core principle of family medicine associated with improved outcomes. However, fragmentation challenges sustaining continuous relationships. This review aimed to provide timely and critical insights into the benefits of continuity and sustainability of care for older adults. Methods: PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, Cochrane Library were systematically searched for studies on continuity/sustainability models in family medicine and effects on older adults. 14 studies met inclusion criteria for final synthesis. Quality was assessed using ROBINS-I. Outcomes were narratively and thematically synthesized. Results: Greater continuity of care was consistently associated with reduced healthcare utilization including lower emergency department visits and hospitalizations. Continuity also correlated with improved chronic disease management, care coordination, patient-reported experiences, and quality of life. Patient-centered medical homes and care coordination models showed potential to strengthen continuity and sustainability. Thoughtful telehealth integration and technology tools augmented continuity. Conclusion: Continuous healing relationships are vital for patient-centered care of older adults. While current fragmentation challenges sustainability, innovations in primary care teaming, coordination, telehealth, and health information technology can extend continuity’s benefits. Realizing improvements requires system-wide reorientation toward relationships and whole-person care.