José Fidencio López Luna

Las pequeñas y medianas empresas (PyMES) enfrentan retos importantes relacionados con la brecha digital y la ciberseguridad, particularmente en regiones con recursos limitados y bajos niveles de adopción tecnológica. Este capítulo aborda la situación de las PyMES de la región centro de Tamaulipas desde una perspectiva de transformación digital y gestión de riesgos, utilizando como referencia el NIST Cybersecurity Framework (NIST CSF). El estudio se desarrolla bajo un enfoque cuantitativo y descriptivo, a partir de la aplicación de un cuestionario orientado a identificar condiciones de conectividad, uso de tecnologías digitales, capacidades TIC y prácticas de ciberseguridad. Asimismo, se examinan las barreras que dificultan la adopción tecnológica, la disponibilidad de personal especializado y el nivel de preparación de las empresas frente a incidentes de seguridad. El capítulo presenta una caracterización general de las PyMES participantes, analiza la relación entre digitalización y ciberseguridad y compara los hallazgos con los niveles de madurez establecidos por el marco NIST. Finalmente, se discuten las principales áreas de oportunidad para fortalecer la resiliencia y competitividad de las empresas en contextos regionales.

Background/Objectives: The integration of Information Technologies has transformed interactions between healthcare professionals and the families of hospitalized patients, enabling more comprehensive, transparent, and patient-centered care. Artificial Intelligence is emerging as a transformative tool to further enhance these interactions; however, its implementation faces challenges associated with access to and availability of basic technological infrastructure. Methods: This cross-sectional pilot study, conducted at the Tamaulipas Children’s Hospital, Mexico, included 51 healthcare professionals from diverse specialties. It examined the use of digital technologies and perceptions of information systems aimed at optimizing communication with families. Results: Findings indicated that 58.8% reported consistent use of digital devices, whereas only 41.2% had regular internet access. Between 60.0% and 67.0% consistently provided information regarding patients’ health status, treatments, and medical procedures. With respect to a digital system, 37.3% considered its implementation necessary and 39.2% perceived potential benefits, although functions such as multimedia sharing and automated notifications were regarded with caution. The questionnaire demonstrated high reliability (α = 0.835) and acceptable construct validity (KMO = 0.705; Bartlett’s test p < 0.001). Conclusions: Preliminary results suggest that the integration of AI-based digital systems in hospital settings remains conditional. They also highlight the need to ensure equitable access to technological infrastructure as a prerequisite for achieving sustainable adoption.

The integration of Information Technologies has transformed interactions between healthcare professionals and the families of hospitalized patients, enabling more comprehensive, transparent, and patient-centered care. Artificial Intelligence is emerging as a transformative tool to further enhance these interactions; however, its implementation faces challenges associated with access to and availability of basic technological infrastructure. This cross-sectional pilot study, conducted at the Tamaulipas Children's Hospital, Mexico, included 51 healthcare professionals from diverse specialties. It examined the use of digital technologies and perceptions of information systems aimed at optimizing communication with families. Findings indicated that 58.80% reported consistent use of digital devices, whereas only 41.20% had regular internet access. Between 60.00% and 67.00% consistently provided information regarding patients’ health status, treatments, and medical procedures. With respect to a digital system, 37.30% considered its implementation necessary and 39.20% perceived potential benefits, although functions such as multimedia sharing and automated notifications were regarded with caution. The questionnaire demonstrated high reliability (α = 0.835) and acceptable construct validity (KMO = 0.705; Bartlett’s test p < 0.001). These results underscore both the feasibility and the challenges of integrating AI-enabled digital systems into hospital settings, highlighting the critical importance of equitable access to technological infrastructure to ensure sustainable adoption.

This article presents the design and implementation of an API that delivers real-time promotional notifications to mobile devices based on their proximity to shopping centers, calculated using the Haversine formula. Developed in Laravel, the API determines whether a mobile device is within a 600 m radius of any registered shopping center, such as Soriana, GranD, and HEB, and sends the relevant promotional information. The system uses Petri nets to model asynchronous behavior, enabling efficient concurrency management between the mobile application and the API. This structure ensures optimized message delivery, preventing communication collisions and delays. The mobile application, developed in Kotlin, integrates geolocation services to capture and update the user’s location in real time. The results indicate an improvement in response time and proximity detection accuracy, highlighting the effectiveness of the Petri net model for systems requiring concurrent interaction. The combination of Laravel, Kotlin, and formal modeling with Petri nets proves to be an effective and scalable solution for proximity-based mobile applications.

This article presents the design and implementation of an API that delivers real-time promotional notifications to mobile devices based on their proximity to shopping centers, calculated using the Haversine formula. Developed in Laravel, the API determines whether a mobile device is within a 600-meter radius of any registered shopping center, such as Soriana, GranD, and HEB, and sends the relevant promotional information. The system uses Petri nets to model asynchronous behavior, enabling efficient concurrency management between the mobile application and the API. This structure ensures optimized message delivery, preventing communication collisions and delays. The mobile application, developed in Kotlin, integrates geolocation services to capture and update the user’s location in real time. The results indicate an improvement in response time and proximity detection accuracy, highlighting the effectiveness of the Petri net model for systems requiring concurrent interaction. The combination of Laravel, Kotlin, and formal modeling with Petri nets proves to be an effective and scalable solution for proximity-based mobile applications.

Los empleadores muestran una creciente preferencia por contratar personas certificadas en diversos ámbitos, incluida la programación de computadoras en el área de Tecnología de la Información. Por otro lado, los profesionales de Tecnologías de la Información buscan obtener certificaciones internacionales para complementar los conocimientos y habilidades adquiridas durante su formación en la educación superior. Este estudio se enfoca en el proceso de certificación inicial en Python para estudiantes de Ingeniería en Tecnologías de la Información. El objetivo principal es explorar la implementación de un proceso de certificación en Python para estudiantes matriculados en la asignatura de programación de un programa de estudios de nivel superior. El examen de certificación aplicado a los estudiantes fue el “PCEP™ – Certified Entry-Level Python Programmer (Examen PCEP-30-02)”.

El artículo aborda el análisis de opiniones de estudiantes sobre las clases en línea utilizando procesamiento de lenguaje natural (PLN). Se destacan respuestas diversas obtenidas mediante un enfoque mixto. El estudio se centra en comprender las percepciones estudiantiles hacia la enseñanza remota. El PLN se emplea para procesar y analizar los datos recopilados, permitiendo identificar patrones y tendencias en las respuestas. Se exploran diferentes aspectos de las experiencias estudiantiles, incluyendo desafíos, beneficios y sugerencias de mejora. La aplicación de un enfoque mixto en el análisis garantiza una comprensión integral y contextualizada de las opiniones estudiantiles, brindando información valiosa para la optimización de las clases en línea.

The communication of e-Health has been transformed with the advancement of information technologies, therefore it is feasible to carry out studies in the context of health professionals’ interactions. Objective: This study aimed to design and validate a preliminary questionnaire to investigate the context of the communications of health professionals through information technologies considering three significant dimensions. Method: The stages provided by Hernández Sampieri guided the building, validation through Cronbach’s alpha and factorial analysis. The questionnaire was applied to 43 participants who simulated health professionals. Results: We obtained an instrument that includes a demographic data section and 20 items distributed into three factors. Internal consistency reliability with Cronbach’s alpha values generally of 0.848 and higher than 0.811 was obtained in each dimension. Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin’s measure of sampling adequacy was regular, with 0.781, and Bartlett’s test of sphericity was significant ( p < 0.001). Conclusion: It is necessary to apply in real-world environments to reaffirm the results obtained.