Dânley Erlen de Oliveira Ramos

A agricultura é uma área com expansão intensa, pois as necessidades de alimentos, roupas, e matéria prima para a produção de bens de consumo crescem a cada dia junto com o crescimento populacional. A produção agrícola ocasionou o descarte inadequado de embalagens de defensivos que vem se tornando um grande problema ao longo dos anos, pois se descartadas em locais impróprios, causam riscos à saúde humana e ao meio ambiente. O descarte e armazenamento das embalagens de defensivos agrícolas devem ser realizados de acordo com as normas e legislações impostas após o seu uso, dentro do prazo de um ano a partir da data da compra. Visto isso, objetivou-se com esse trabalho, realizar pesquisa bibliográfica sobre devolução de embalagens vazias de defensivos agrícolas na região da Serra da Ibiapaba, celeiro agrícola do estado do Ceará e expor a problemática do descarte inadequado de embalagens vazias de defensivos agrícolas. Observou-se com o estudo que mesmo com o Brasil realizando a destinação de 94% das embalagens de defensivos, o Estado do Ceará ainda apresenta números inferiores, em especial a região da Serra da Ibiapaba. O crescimento do volume recebido ao longo dos anos é relevante, mas longe de ser ideal.

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of the application of different doses of hydrogel and irrigation levels on the morphophysiological and productive behavior of a bell pepper cultivar, in a protected environment. Four doses of hydrogel (0.0, 0.6, 1.2, and, 2.4 g per plant) and four irrigation levels (50, 75, 100, and, 125%) were used, on the basis of the daily evapotranspiration of a bell pepper crop grown in a sandy soil. Height, stem diameter, and leaf area were measured at 70 and 100 days. At the end of the experiment, bell pepper yield and water use efficiency were estimated. Hydrogel associated with irrigation increases leaf area, productivity, and irrigation-water use efficiency. The applied water deficit (132.8 and 199.26 mm), associated with the hydrogel doses, does not affect the plants morphologically.

Environmental processes to recover degraded areas, as well as the conservation of Brazilian forests and biomes, have intensified interest in the propagation of native species, triggering an increase in demand for the production of seeds and seedlings. Among the plants with a high potential for reforestation is the ipê, of all colors, a species suitable for reforestation, urban afforestation, landscaping, or domestic planting. This study aimed to evaluate the morphological characteristics of ipê-roxo as a function of doses of hydro-absorbent polymer in the open field. The experiment was carried out in 14 L pots in the area of the UNINTA University Center, in the municipality of Tianguá, on the Ibiapaba plateau, in a randomized block design, testing three doses of hydro-absorbent polymer (0.0, 3.0, and 6.0 g kg-1) applied in the hole before transplanting the ipê-roxo seedlings, with five replications. The plant's morphological characteristics were assessed, such as number of leaves, plant height, and stem diameter. The data was subjected to the normality test and Tukey's test at a 5% significance level. It was found that there were no significant results about the treatments used in the experiment; the different doses of hydro-absorbent polymer did not influence any of the variables analyzed, as shown in the analysis of variance, at 30, 60, and 90 DAT. We conclude that the null hypothesis is accepted, there is no difference between the treatments and the control, indicating that polymer doses of up to 6.0 g kg-1 do not influence the morphological aspect of ipê-roxo up to 90 days.