Chong Kim Thien Duc

Nghiên cứu này được thực hiện nhằm đánh giá tác dụng bảo vệ gan và thận của cao chiết từ dịch ngoại bào của vi khuẩn Bacillus sp. DO-R5 (OBaDO-R5) trên mô hình gây độc bởi carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). Chuột Mus musculus var. albino được chia thành 6 nhóm: nhóm chứng bình thường, nhóm gây độc CCl4, nhóm phòng trị silymarin (16 mg/kg) và các nhóm phòng trị bằng cao OBaDO-R5 (100, 200, 400 mg/kg) đường uống trong 28 ngày. Sau thời gian xử lý, huyết thanh được thu thập để phân tích các chỉ số tổn thương gan (alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase) và thận (urea, creatinine). Kết quả cho thấy CCl4 làm tăng đáng kể các chỉ số này so với nhóm đối chứng (p<0,05), trong khi phòng trị bằng cao OBaDO-R5 giúp cải thiện rõ rệt theo cách phụ thuộc liều. Cao OBaDO-R5 còn làm giảm stress oxy hóa thông qua giảm malondialdehyde, phục hồi hàm lượng glutathione ở gan và thận. Các kết quả này cho thấy cao OBaDO-R5 có tiềm năng ứng dụng trong phòng ngừa và hỗ trợ điều trị các bệnh lý gan, thận liên quan đến stress oxy hóa.

Maximizing the extraction efficiency of bioactive compounds from botanical matrices must inherently align with environmental sustainability. This study evaluates the ecological profile of a previously established, optimized ultrasound-assisted extraction process for Artocarpus altilis leaves, designated as the A. altilis extraction process (AAEP) using a gate-to-gate Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). Executed via openLCA software and the ILCD 2011 Midpoint+ method, the assessment quantified 15 impact categories. Results indicated that while grid electricity and the ethanol supply chain drove climate change (2.59E-01 kg CO2 eq) and freshwater ecotoxicity (9.92E-02 CTUe), the overall environmental burdens remained remarkably low. Normalized and weighted analyses pinpointed human toxicity (cancer effects), photochemical ozone formation, and water resource depletion as the primary hotspots; however, their absolute magnitudes were infinitesimal (below the 10-4 threshold). By completely eliminating hazardous organic solvents, the AAEP strictly adheres to Green Chemistry principles and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs 3 and 12), establishing a highly benign, eco-friendly framework for the greener valorization of natural products.

Nauclea orientalis, locally known as Gao Vang in Vietnam, is widely distributed in Southeast Asia and has been traditionally used in ethnomedicine to treat fever, inflammation, and skin disorders. Although phytochemical investigations of Nauclea species and the Rubiaceae family have been reported, studies systematically linking polyphenol-enriched fractions with multiple bioactivities remain limited. This study aimed to determine the total polyphenol and flavonoid contents and to evaluate the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and antibacterial activities of different extracts of N. orientalis, including ethanol extract, hexane, ethyl acetate, and dichloromethane fractions. Among the tested extracts, the ethyl acetate fraction exhibited the highest total polyphenol and flavonoid contents. Consistently, this fraction showed strong antioxidant activity, with IC50 values ranging from 31.63 ± 0.40 to 54.61 ± 0.72 µg/mL across representative radical scavenging assays, comparable to trolox. In addition, notable anti-inflammatory activity was observed through inhibition of nitric oxide scavenging capacity, with IC50 values of 84.96 ± 1.48 µg/mL, along with superior protective effects in red blood cell membrane stabilization and protein denaturation models. This fraction also demonstrated significant antidiabetic potential through effective inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase, as well as pronounced antibacterial activity. High-performance liquid chromatography analysis qualitatively identified gallic acid, quercetin, and rutin as representative constituents. Overall, these findings highlight the ethyl acetate fraction of N. orientalis as a source with multifunctional bioactivities, providing new pharmacological insight beyond previously reported phytochemical studies of this genus. HIGHLIGHTS Nauclea orientalis stem bark is rich in polyphenols and flavonoids The ethyl acetate fraction shows strong in vitro antioxidant activity Notable anti-inflammatory effects are observed via NO and protein assays The extract inhibits α-amylase and α-glucosidase, indicating antidiabetic potential HPLC identifies gallic acid, quercetin, and rutin as key compounds GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT