Di Zu

Although oxygen vacancies (Ovs) have been intensively studied in single semiconductor photocatalysts, exploration of intrinsic mechanisms and in‐depth understanding of Ovs in S‐scheme heterojunction photocatalysts are still limited. Herein, a novel S‐scheme photocatalyst made from WO₃‐Ov/In₂S₃ with Ovs at the heterointerface is rationally designed. The microscopic environment and local electronic structure of the S‐scheme heterointerface are well optimized by Ovs. Femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy (fs‐TAS) reveals that Ovs trigger additional charge movement routes and therefore increase charge separation efficiency. In addition, Ovs have a synergistic effect on the thermodynamic and kinetic parameters of S‐scheme photocatalysts. As a result, the optimal photocatalytic performance is significantly improved, surpassing that of single component WO₃‐Ov and In₂S₃ (by 35.5 and 3.9 times, respectively), as well as WO₃/In₂S₃ heterojunction. This work provides new insight into regulating the photogenerated carrier dynamics at the heterointerface and also helps design highly efficient S‐scheme photocatalysts.

Although oxygen vacancies (Ovs) have been intensively studied in single semiconductor photocatalysts, exploration of intrinsic mechanisms and in‐depth understanding of Ovs in S‐scheme heterojunction photocatalysts are still limited. Herein, a novel S‐scheme photocatalyst made from WO₃‐Ov/In₂S₃ with Ovs at the heterointerface is rationally designed. The microscopic environment and local electronic structure of the S‐scheme heterointerface are well optimized by Ovs. Femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy (fs‐TAS) reveals that Ovs trigger additional charge movement routes and therefore increase charge separation efficiency. In addition, Ovs have a synergistic effect on the thermodynamic and kinetic parameters of S‐scheme photocatalysts. As a result, the optimal photocatalytic performance is significantly improved, surpassing that of single component WO₃‐Ov and In₂S₃ (by 35.5 and 3.9 times, respectively), as well as WO₃/In₂S₃ heterojunction. This work provides new insight into regulating the photogenerated carrier dynamics at the heterointerface and also helps design highly efficient S‐scheme photocatalysts.

A valid and efficient inverse kinematic computation scheme for seven-degree-of-freedom (7-DOF) redundant manipulators is proposed. The scheme uses two-phase calculations: one is the gradient projection method for optimization; the other is the fixed joint-angle method for increasing the precision. A group of optimized solution can be obtained from the proposed algorithm. Implementation of the scheme on a 7-DOF manipulator is described. Comparisons are made with respect to precision in calculation between the gradient projection optimization method and the two-phase calculations. Computational time is test in the PCM-3350 controller, and it demonstrates the proposed algorithm is well suited for real-time implementation.